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Laiuse Romani language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Romani variety spoken in Estonia

Laiuse Romani
Native to	Estonia
Region	Laiuse
Extinct	ca. 1940
Language family	mixed Finnish Kalo–Estonian
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (`mis`)
Glottolog	`esto1257`

Laiuse Romani was aRomani variety spoken inEstonia. It was amixed language based on Romani andEstonian.^[1]

TheRomani people first appeared in Estonia in the 17th century. According to rumors, they were first part of Swedish KingCharles XII's Romani orchestra which he, after spending a winter inLaiuse, left behind. In 1841 all 44 Estonian Romani were collected and settled aroundLaiuse Parish. Their main stop was the village ofRaaduvere, but they also lived inRakvere,Jõgeva, and its precincts. Before theSecond World War there were 60 Romani in Laiuse.^[2] Laiuse Romani becameextinct in theGerman occupation, when all its speakers were killed by the Nazis during thePorajmos.^[3]^[4]

Linguistic features

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Laiuse Romani shares a number of linguistic features withFinnish Kalo,^[5] such aspalatalization ofvelar consonants beforefront vowels^[6] and initialdevoicing.^[7]

Citations and references

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^Smith (1994:365)
^"Laiuse mustlased" (in Estonian). eestigiid.ee. Retrieved23 September 2011.
^Smith (1994)
^Matras (2002)
^Matras (2002:10)
^Matras (2002:49)
^Matras (2002:54)

Cited sources

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Matras, Yaron (2002).Romani: A Linguistic Introduction. Cambridge University Press.doi:10.1017/CBO9780511486791.ISBN 978-0-521-63165-5.
Smith, Norval (1994). "An annotated list of creoles, pidgins, and mixed languages". In Arends, Jacque; Muysken, Pieter; Smith, Norval (eds.).Pidgins and Creoles. Creole Language Library. Vol. 15. John Benjamins. pp. 331–374.doi:10.1075/cll.15.34smi.ISBN 978-90-272-5236-4.

Romani language(s)

Romani varieties

Balkan Romani	Rumelian Romani Sepečides Romani Zargari Romani
Northern Romani	Finnish Kalo Sinte Romani Welsh Romani
Vlax Romani	Kalderash Romani
Other	Baltic Romani Carpathian Romani
Proto-languages	Early Romani

Mixed varieties

Writing

Organizations

Institute for the Languages of Finland

Media

Italics indicateextinct languages

Uralic languages

List of Uralic languages

Finnic

Sámi

Eastern Sámi	Akkala Inari Kainuu Kemi Kildin Skolt Ter
Western Sámi	Lule Northern Pite Southern Ume
Unclassified	Bjarmian Sámi

Mordvinic

Erzya
- Shoksha dialect^[de;ru]
Moksha

Mari

Permic

Ugric

Eastern Ugric	Khanty Northern Khanty Southern Khanty Eastern Khanty Mansi Northern Mansi Western Mansi Eastern Mansi Southern Mansi
Western Ugric	Hungarian