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Dorothea Banks

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromLady Dorothea Banks)
English china collector (1758 – 1828)
Lady Banks
Lady Banks painted byJohn Russell
Born
Dorothea Hugessen

(1758-11-08)8 November 1758
Died1828(1828-00-00) (aged 69–70)
SpouseSir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet
Parent(s)William Western Hugessen
Thomazine Honywood

Dorothea Banks, Lady Banks (néeHugessen, 8 November 1758 – 1828) was an English heiress and collector ofceramics. Her collection of ceramics, which she displayed in the dairy of her home atSpring Grove, is recorded in herDairy Book.[1] Like the ephemera collection of her sister-in-lawSarah Sophia Banks, it is informative about women collectors in the Georgian period.

Biography

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She was born Dorothea Hugessen on 8 November 1758, one of two daughters of William Western Hugessen of Proveden, Kent, and his wife Thomazine,née Honywood, the daughter ofSir John Honywood.[2] She was a 'well-acred heiress' at the time of her marriage to scientistSir Joseph Banks on 23 March 1779,[3] and she was described by Banks' colleagueDaniel Solander as 'rather handsome, very agreable, chatty & laughs a good deal.'[4]

Art collection

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Dorothea converted the dairy on their property at Spring Grove into an exhibition-house for her collection of ceramics. Banks said that she was 'a little old-china mad, but she wishes to mix as much reason with her madness as possible.'[5] She sought authentically Eastern pieces rather than those produced for the western market, and designed a classification system for them. In 1804King George III and his family visited her collection, and she served him produce from the dairy on some of her china.[6]

The collection was sold atChristie’s in 1893 after the death of her great-nephew, who had inherited it, and found to containMinton,Crown Derby,Sèvres, andDresden ware as well as oriental pieces.[7]

Spring Grove House, the residence of Sir Joseph and Lady Banks

Dorothea inherited the ephemera collection of her sister-in-law Sarah Sophia Banks, who lived with them, and donated it to theBritish Museum in her name.[8]

Lady Banks rose

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Lady Banks rose

TheLady Banks rose, brought toKew Gardens from China byWilliam Kerr and cultivated by her husband, was named after her.[9]

References

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  1. ^Newport, Emma (2018)."The Fictility of Porcelain: Making and Shaping Meaning in Lady Dorothea Banks's "Dairy Book"".Eighteenth-Century Fiction.31 (1):117–142.doi:10.3138/ecf.31.1.117.ISSN 0840-6286.
  2. ^Cokayne, George Edward (ed.).The Complete Baronetage. Vol. V. p. 211.
  3. ^Gascoigne, John (2004)."Banks, Sir Joseph, baronet (1743–1820), naturalist and patron of science".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press.doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/1300. Retrieved2024-03-27. (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.)
  4. ^Gascoigne, John (2003-12-18).Joseph Banks and the English Enlightenment: Useful Knowledge and Polite Culture. Cambridge University Press. p. 26.ISBN 978-0-521-54211-1.
  5. ^Smith, Edward (1975).The Life of Sir Joseph Banks. Arno Press. pp. 272–3.ISBN 978-0-405-06618-4.
  6. ^Leis, Arlene (2017)."'A Little Old-China Mad': Lady Dorothea Banks (1758-1828) and Her Dairy at Spring Grove".Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies.40 (2):199–221.doi:10.1111/1754-0208.12410.ISSN 1754-0194.
  7. ^Leis, Arlene; Wills, Kacie L. (2020-08-31).Women and the Art and Science of Collecting in Eighteenth-Century Europe. Routledge. p. 1.ISBN 978-1-000-17522-6.
  8. ^Russell, Gillian (2020-08-27).The Ephemeral Eighteenth-Century: Print, Sociability and the Cultures of Collecting. Cambridge University Press. p. 102.ISBN 978-1-108-48758-0.
  9. ^Gribbin, Mary; Gribbin, John (2008).Flower Hunters. Oxford University Press. p. 103.ISBN 978-0-19-280718-2.
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