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La Roche-sur-Yon

Coordinates:46°40′14″N1°25′34″W / 46.6705°N 1.426°W /46.6705; -1.426
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Prefecture and commune in Pays de la Loire, France
La Roche-sur-Yon
Square Napoléon (Place Napoléon [fr])
Square Napoléon (Place Napoléon [fr])
Coat of arms of La Roche-sur-Yon
Coat of arms
Map
Location of La Roche-sur-Yon
La Roche-sur-Yon is located in France
La Roche-sur-Yon
La Roche-sur-Yon
Show map of France
La Roche-sur-Yon is located in Pays de la Loire
La Roche-sur-Yon
La Roche-sur-Yon
Show map of Pays de la Loire
Coordinates:46°40′14″N1°25′34″W / 46.6705°N 1.426°W /46.6705; -1.426
CountryFrance
RegionPays de la Loire
DepartmentVendée
ArrondissementLa Roche-sur-Yon
CantonLa Roche-sur-Yon-1 and2
IntercommunalityLa Roche-sur-Yon Agglomération
Government
 • Mayor(2020–2026)Luc Bouard[1]
Area
1
87.52 km2 (33.79 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
54,699
 • Density625.0/km2 (1,619/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
85191 /85000
Elevation32–94 m (105–308 ft)
(avg. 74 m or 243 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

La Roche-sur-Yon (pronounced[laʁɔʃsyʁjɔ̃]) is acommune in theVendéedepartment in thePays de la Loireregion in western France. It is the capital of the department. The demonym for its inhabitants isYonnais.[3]

Known for its historical significance and cultural heritage, La Roche-sur-Yon also houses a wide range of educational institutions, from primary schools to higher education establishments.

History

[edit]
TheHôtel de Ville (town hall) of 1814

The town expanded significantly afterNapoleon I had chosen the site as the new préfecture of theVendée on 25 May 1804 to replaceFontenay-le-Comte (then under its revolutionary name of Fontenay-le-Peuple). At the time, most of La Roche had been eradicated in theWar in the Vendée (1793–96); the renamed Napoléonville was laid out and a fresh population of soldiers and civil servants was brought in. Napoléonville was designed to accommodate 15,000 people.[4] TheHôtel de Ville (town hall) was established on the southwestern side of Place Napoléon in 1814.[5]

The town was called successively:

Geography

[edit]

The riverYon flows southward through the commune and crosses the town.

Climate

[edit]

La Roche-sur-Yon has anoceanic climate (Köppen climate classificationCfb). The average annual temperature in La Roche-sur-Yon is 12.4 °C (54.3 °F). The average annual rainfall is 885.5 mm (34.86 in) with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 19.5 °C (67.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 6.1 °C (43.0 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in La Roche-sur-Yon was 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) on 18 July 2022; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −15.4 °C (4.3 °F) on 10 February 1986.

Comparison of local Meteorological data with other cities in France[6]
TownSunshine

(hours/yr)		Rain

(mm/yr)		Snow

(days/yr)		Storm

(days/yr)		Fog

(days/yr)
National average1,973770142240
La Roche-sur-Yon1,922.4880.74.913.156.4
Paris1,661637121810
Nice2,7247671291
Strasbourg1,693665292956
Brest1,6051,21171275
Climate data for La Roche-sur-Yon (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1984−present)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)15.9
(60.6)		21.6
(70.9)		24.1
(75.4)		28.1
(82.6)		31.9
(89.4)		38.8
(101.8)		41.5
(106.7)		38.7
(101.7)		34.3
(93.7)		30.5
(86.9)		21.1
(70.0)		18.7
(65.7)		41.5
(106.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)9.0
(48.2)		10.1
(50.2)		13.1
(55.6)		15.7
(60.3)		19.3
(66.7)		22.8
(73.0)		24.9
(76.8)		25.1
(77.2)		22.1
(71.8)		17.3
(63.1)		12.5
(54.5)		9.5
(49.1)		16.8
(62.2)
Daily mean °C (°F)6.1
(43.0)		6.4
(43.5)		8.8
(47.8)		10.9
(51.6)		14.3
(57.7)		17.5
(63.5)		19.4
(66.9)		19.5
(67.1)		16.8
(62.2)		13.4
(56.1)		9.2
(48.6)		6.5
(43.7)		12.4
(54.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)3.2
(37.8)		2.7
(36.9)		4.4
(39.9)		6.0
(42.8)		9.3
(48.7)		12.3
(54.1)		13.9
(57.0)		13.9
(57.0)		11.4
(52.5)		9.4
(48.9)		5.9
(42.6)		3.6
(38.5)		8.0
(46.4)
Record low °C (°F)−14.9
(5.2)		−15.4
(4.3)		−10.3
(13.5)		−4.1
(24.6)		−0.3
(31.5)		2.8
(37.0)		7.2
(45.0)		5.1
(41.2)		2.5
(36.5)		−4.5
(23.9)		−7.1
(19.2)		−9.5
(14.9)		−15.4
(4.3)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)94.8
(3.73)		70.5
(2.78)		64.4
(2.54)		65.9
(2.59)		62.4
(2.46)		45.3
(1.78)		47.9
(1.89)		52.1
(2.05)		71.9
(2.83)		98.7
(3.89)		108.1
(4.26)		103.5
(4.07)		885.5
(34.86)
Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm)12.610.510.310.09.57.57.47.67.912.013.313.2121.8
Mean monthlysunshine hours73.6106.4151.1183.6210.8229.0241.4235.7199.1128.888.974.01,922.4
Source:Meteo France[7][8][9]

Population

[edit]

The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of La Roche-sur-Yon proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of La Roche-sur-Yon absorbed the former communes of Le Bourg-sous-la-Roche-sur-Yon and Saint-André-d'Ornay in 1964.[10]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
18001,015—    
1806857−2.78%
18212,792+8.19%
18313,904+3.41%
18365,257+6.13%
18415,164−0.36%
18466,909+6.00%
18517,498+1.65%
18568,178+1.75%
18618,298+0.29%
18668,710+0.97%
18728,841+0.25%
18769,755+2.49%
188110,634+1.74%
188611,773+2.06%
189112,215+0.74%
189612,710+0.80%
190113,629+1.41%
YearPop.±% p.a.
190613,685+0.08%
191114,885+1.70%
192113,629−0.88%
192614,538+1.30%
193115,247+0.96%
193616,073+1.06%
194618,107+1.20%
195419,576+0.98%
196224,019+2.59%
196836,067+7.01%
197544,713+3.12%
198245,098+0.12%
199045,219+0.03%
199949,262+0.96%
200751,124+0.46%
201252,808+0.65%
201754,372+0.59%
Source: EHESS[10] and INSEE (1968-2017)[11]

Administration

[edit]

TheCommunauté d'agglomération "La Roche-sur-Yon Agglomération" contains 15 communes:

La Roche-sur-Yon is the chief town of theArrondissement of La Roche-sur-Yon, which covers 11 cantons, 92 communes, and has a population of 230,386 (1999 census).

La-Roche-sur-Yon is chief town of two cantons,Canton of La Roche-sur-Yon-1 andCanton of La Roche-sur-Yon-2.

Main sights

[edit]
  • Napoléon's statue (1854)
    Napoléon's statue (1854)
  • Kiosk on Napoléon square
    Kiosk on Napoléon square
  • Napoléon square / Place Napoléon [fr]
    Napoléon square /Place Napoléon [fr]
  • Saint-Louis church
    Saint-Louis church
  • Saint-Louis church
    Saint-Louis church
  • Saint-Louis church organ
    Saint-Louis church organ
  • Saint Louis Church of La Roche-sur-Yon
    Saint Louis Church of La Roche-sur-Yon
  • Theatre
    Theatre
  • Old Hospital
    Old Hospital
  • Museum
    Museum
  • Post office
    Post office
  • Prefecture building
    Prefecture building
  • Sacré-cœur church
    Sacré-cœur church
  • Renaissance house (1566)
    Renaissance house (1566)
  • Old Palais de Justice
    Old Palais de Justice
  • Benjamin Rabier media library
    Benjamin Rabier media library
  • Train station
    Train station
  • Fontenelles Abbey

Transport

[edit]

TheGare de La Roche-sur-Yon railway station offers connections to Nantes, Paris, Les Sables-d'Olonne, Bordeaux and several regional destinations. TheA87 motorway connects La Roche-sur-Yon with Les Sables-d'Olonne and Angers, theA83 with Nantes and Niort.

The airport, situated north of the city, on the East of the Lake "Moulin Papon", is host to a private jet business (SD Aviation), linking the city with Europe and North Africa. The airport is frequently used bygeneral aviation, business jets and charter flights. There is no regular flight though.

Education

[edit]

Primary and secondary education

[edit]

The commune has designated attendance zones for its primary schools.[12]

Schools include:

Higher education

[edit]

La Roche-sur-Yon is home to several higher education institutions:

  • Université de Nantes — La Roche-sur-Yon Campus: An extension of the University of Nantes, this campus hosts a variety of undergraduate programs including Business Administration, Computer Science, and Law.[16]
  • IUT La Roche-sur-Yon: A part of the University Institute of Technology, it provides vocational-technical education, granting two-year diplomas in fields like Mechanical Engineering, Business and Administration Management, and Multimedia and Internet Technologies.[17]
  • ICES (Institut Catholique d'Études Supérieures): A private institution known for programs in humanities, social sciences, law, and business.[18]

Specialized institutions

[edit]

La Roche-sur-Yon also hosts several specialized educational institutions:

  • École Supérieure de Design de La Roche-sur-Yon: A design school offering programs in graphic design, product design, and interaction design.[19]
  • Conservatoire à rayonnement départemental de La Roche-sur-Yon: A music, dance, and drama school providing a wide range of courses for all ages.

Sports

[edit]

In 2014, La Roche-sur-yon hosted the 2014 French championship of table tennis.[20]

La Roche-sur-Yon's Vendéspace hosted one of the first round ties of the2014 Davis Cup tennis tournament over the weekend of 31 January – 2 February 2014. France hosted Australia as both teams competed for a place in theWorld Group quarterfinals.

In 2015, La Roche-sur-Yon will host the2015 FIRS Men's Roller Hockey World Cup, the first time that a World Cup ofroller hockey is held in France.

In June 2015, La Roche-sur-Yon's Vendéspace will host the qualification tournament for the World Championships inSavate Combat.[21]

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]

La Roche-sur-Yon is twinned with:[22]

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^"yonnais - Wiktionary".en.wiktionary.org. Retrieved18 November 2019.
  4. ^Graham Robb,The Discovery of France, Picador, London (2007), pp257-8
  5. ^"Ex-hôtel de ville de La Roche-sur-Yon: son histoire en cinq étapes".Ouest France. 25 February 2023. Retrieved26 December 2024.
  6. ^Paris,Nice,Strasbourg,Brest
  7. ^"Données climatiques de la station de La Roche-sur-Yon" (in French). Meteo France. Archived fromthe original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved9 January 2016.
  8. ^"Climat Pays de la Loire" (in French). Meteo France. Archived fromthe original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved9 January 2016.
  9. ^"Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991-2020 et records"(PDF) (in French).Météo-France. Retrieved12 September 2022.
  10. ^abDes villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui:Commune data sheet La Roche-sur-Yon,EHESS(in French).
  11. ^Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  12. ^"Sectorisation scolaire 2016." La Roche-sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
  13. ^abcd"[1]." La Roche Sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
  14. ^ab"Collèges." La Roche Sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
  15. ^ab"Lycées." La Roche Sur-Yon. Retrieved on 6 September 2016.
  16. ^ANSAR, Cécile."Bienvenue sur le Pôle universitaire yonnais, Nantes Université à La Roche-sur-Yon en Vendée".Pôle universitaire de La Roche-sur-Yon (in French). Retrieved11 May 2023.
  17. ^ANSAR, Cécile."Assurer votre avenir est notre force".IUT La Roche-sur-Yon (in French). Retrieved11 May 2023.
  18. ^"Accueil".ICES (Institut Catholique de Vendée) (in French). Retrieved11 May 2023.
  19. ^"ESA - École Supérieure de l'Alternance | Du BAC+2 au BAC+5".ecolesuperieurealternance.fr (in French). 3 July 2022. Retrieved11 May 2023.
  20. ^"Les résultats des Championnats de France 2014 de tennis de table | Championnat de France | Actualité Nationale | ACTUALITE". Archived fromthe original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved30 March 2015.
  21. ^"Ouverture de session / Utilisateur - Vendespace".
  22. ^"Villes partenaires".larochesuryon.fr (in French). La Roche-sur-Yon. Archived fromthe original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved20 November 2019.

External links

[edit]
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