Kyu Sakamoto | |
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坂本 九 | |
 Sakamoto in 1961/1962 | |
| Born | Hisashi Sakamoto (1941-12-10)10 December 1941 |
| Died | 12 August 1985(1985-08-12) (aged 43) |
| Cause of death | Plane crash onboardJapan Air Lines Flight 123 |
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| Spouse | |
| Children | Hanako Maiko |
| Musical career | |
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| Years active | 1958–1985 |
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| Website | www |
Musical artist | |
Hisashi "Kyu"Sakamoto (Japanese:坂本 九,Hepburn:Sakamoto Hisashior Sakamoto Kyū, 10 December 1941 – 12 August 1985), legally registered asHisashi Ōshima (大島 九,Ōshima Hisashi) since 1956, was a Japanese singer and actor.
He was best known outside Japan for his international hit song "Ue o Muite Arukō" (known as "Sukiyaki" in English-speaking markets), which was sung in Japanese andsold over 13 million copies. It reached number one in the United StatesBillboard Hot 100 in June 1963, making Sakamoto the first Asian recording artist to have a number one song on the chart. He was also the first Japanese artist to have a number one single on the Australian singles chart.[1]
Sakamoto died on 12 August 1985 in the crash ofJapan Air Lines Flight 123, along with 519 others on board the flight, making him a casualty of the deadliest single-aircraft accident in aviation history. Only four people on board survived the crash.
Sakamoto was born on 10 December 1941, inKawasaki,Kanagawa Prefecture, to Hiroshi Sakamoto, a cargo tender officer, and his second wife, Iku. The youngest of his father's nine children, he was nicknamedKyū-chan (九ちゃん), meaning "Lil Nine", withKyū also being an alternative reading of thekanji of his given name,Hisashi (九).
In the summer of 1944, during theair raids over the greater Tokyo area, Kyu's mother took her three children to live with their maternal grandparents in ruralKasama,Ibaraki Prefecture. They moved back to Kawasaki in 1949. Their father's company had been closed by the American occupation forces and he opened a restaurant.[2]
In 1956, Kyu's parents divorced. His mother was given custody over her three minor children including Kyu, and they adopted the mother's maiden name, Ōshima. His older half-siblings kept their father's surname, Sakamoto. Kyu started playing guitar in high school, but he soon began singing.
In May 1958, when Sakamoto was 16 years old, he joined the Japanese pop-bandThe Drifters that had been formed three years earlier. Sakamoto was unhappy about his position in the band as second vocalist, and this often led to fights with the other members. His big breakthrough as a band member came 26 August 1958, when he sang at the annual music festival Western Carnival at the Nichigeki Hall. After a quarrel that ended in a fight with two of the other members, Sakamoto left the band in November 1958.
For a short period of time, Sakamoto returned to his studies and focused on entering university. By December 1958, he joined his classmate's Hisahiko Iida's band called Danny Iida and Paradise King. He replaced Hiroshi Mizuhara as singer. Sakamoto's career began to rise to expectations, where he ended his studies and left school. In June 1959, the band got a record deal at the JVC record company. The Paradise King and Sakamoto released their song "Kanashiki Rokujissai" in August 1960, which became a great hit. In the time after they released a number of songs that became very popular. This led to Sakamoto obtaining a record deal at theToshiba Records company and left the Paradise King aiming at a solo career.[3]
Sakamoto's solo career was inaugurated with the song "Ue o Muite Arukō" written byRokusuke Ei andHachidai Nakamura. The song was first heard on theNHK entertainment programYume de Aimashō on 16 August 1961. It became a smash hit and was released on red vinyl on October 15. It remained the highest selling record until January 1962, three months after its release.
His international breakthrough came in 1963 during a visit to Japan byLouis Benjamin, an executive of British record companyPye Records. Hearing the song several times, Benjamin decided to bring it back to England. Due to concerns that the title would be too hard for English-speakers to pronounce or remember, the song was renamed "Sukiyaki", after the Japanese cooked beef dish familiar to the English. The new title was intended to sound both catchy and distinctive in Japanese, but other than the language, it had no actual connection to the song.
Initially, Pye Records released an instrumental version of the song recorded byKenny Ball and His Jazzmen. After that became a hit in England,His Master's Voice released the original, which also sold well, reaching sixth place in the label's most sold records. In 1963, Capitol Records released the song in the US with the alternate title, eventually selling over one million copies,[4] and remaining number one on theBillboard Hot 100 number one single for three weeks in June 1963.
After the international success of "Ue o Muite Arukō", Sakamoto went on a world tour that lasted from summer of 1963 to the beginning of 1964. Among the countries he visited were the United States (including Hawaii), Germany, and Sweden. During his time in the U.S., he was invited to appear in several television shows. On 13 August 1963, he landed atLos Angeles International Airport and that evening, was a guest of television programThe Steve Allen Show.[5] Sakamoto was also expected to appear onThe Ed Sullivan Show, but his appearance was canceled owing to a scheduling conflict with the production of his upcoming movie,Kyu-chan Katana o Nuite.[6]
Sakamoto had only one other song reach the U.S. charts, "China Nights (Shina no Yoru)" (Capitol 5016), which peaked at number 58 in 1963. His only American album,Sukiyaki and Other Japanese Hits (Capitol 10349), peaked at number 14 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart (now known as the Billboard 200) in 1963 and remained on the Pop Albums chart for 17 weeks.
He received his sole foreignGold Record of theRecording Industry Association of America (RIAA) by Capitol Records on 15 May 1964 inHotel Okura,Tokyo.
During the1964 Summer Olympics, he was featured on the Swedish TV-programHylands hörna broadcast live from Tokyo.[7]
In 1968, Sakamoto and Hachidai Nakamura participated in theFestival Internacional da Canção inRio de Janeiro with the song "Sayonara, Sayonara" and finished in 7th place.[8]
In 1971, Sakamoto married Japanese actressYukiko Kashiwagi. The couple had two daughters,Hanako andMaiko [ja].
On August 12, 1985, Sakamoto was aboardJapan Air Lines Flight 123 (departing from Tokyo), heading to Osaka for an event. The plane suffered a severe structural failure anddecompression before crashing into two ridges ofMount Takamagahara inUeno, Gunma, a disaster that remains thedeadliest single-aircraft accident in history with 520 people killed, including Sakamoto.[9] He was interred at Chōkoku-ji Temple in the centralMinato-ku area in Tokyo.
His most popular song, "Ue o Muite Arukō" ("I look up when I walk") is the only Japanese song to reach number one on theBillboard pop charts in the United States, a position it maintained for three weeks in 1963. It was also the first-ever Japanese language song to enter the Australian charts, where it reached #2. In addition, it made the UK charts, though it only climbed to number 6 with no further chart entries.
"Ue o Muite Arukō" has beencovered multiple times over the years, beginning with the instrumental byKenny Ball and his Jazzmen. "Ue o Muite Arukō" was also covered as an instrumental, by English pianistJohnny Pearson, during 1982. Well-known English-language cover versions include a 1981 cover byA Taste of Honey and a 1995 cover by4 P.M., both of which made the top ten of the Billboard Hot 100. In 1989,Selena'sself-titled album contained a Spanish translation of the Taste of Honey cover which was released as a single in 1990. The English lyrics have also appeared in whole or in part in songs by performers includingSlick Rick andDoug E. Fresh (1985's "La Di Da Di"),[10]Salt-N-Pepa (1985's "The Show Stopper"),Snoop Dogg (1993's "Lodi Dodi", a "La Di Da Di" cover),Bone Thugs-n-Harmony (1995'sBless Da 40 Oz.),Raphael Saadiq (1995's "Ask of You", another to make the Hot 100),Mary J. Blige (1997's"Everything") andWill Smith (1999's "So Fresh", featuring Slick Rick).
An American version byJewel Akens with different English lyrics was written for it. Titled "My First Lonely Night (Sukiyaki)" in 1966, the song reached number 82 on theBillboard Hot 100.
On 16 March 1999,Japan Post issued a stamp commemorating Sakamoto and "Ue o Muite Arukō".[11] The stamp is listed in the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue as Japan number 2666 with a face value of 50 yen.
On 15 October 2020,Google celebrated his song "Ue o Muite Aruko" and Sakamoto with aGoogle Doodle.[12]
The song also played during theclosing ceremony of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.[13]
| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Record Label | B-side | Album | |||
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| US Pop | US AC | US R&B | UK | |||||
| 1963 | "Sukiyaki" | 1 | 1 | 18 | 6 | Capitol | "Anoko No Namaewa Nantenkana" | Sukiyaki and Other Japanese Hits |
| "China Nights (Shina No Yoru)" | 58 | 19 | — | — | "Tsun Tsun Bushi (The Tsun Tsun Song)" | |||
| "Miagete Goran Yoru no Hoshi o" | — | — | — | — | "Benkyo No Cha Cha Cha" | |||
| 1964 | "The Olympics Song" | — | — | — | — | "Tankobushi" | ||
| "Sayonara Tokyo" | — | — | — | — | "I Like You (Kimiga Suki)" | |||
| 1986 | "Miagete Goran Yoru no Hoshi o" (re-release) | — | — | — | — | "Benkyo No Cha Cha Cha" | ||
| "Sayonara Tokyo" (re-release) | — | — | — | — | "I Like You (Kimiga Suki)" | |||
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