| Kveim test | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Kveim-Siltzbach test |
| MeSH | D007731 |
TheKveim test,Nickerson-Kveim orKveim-Siltzbach test is askin test used to detectsarcoidosis, where part of aspleen from a patient with known sarcoidosis is injected into the skin of a patient suspected to have the disease. Ifnon caseating granulomas are found (four to six weeks later), the test is positive. If the patient has been on treatment (e.g.,glucocorticoids), the test may return afalse negative result. The test is not commonly performed, and in the UK no substrate has been available since 1996. There is a concern that certain infections, such asbovine spongiform encephalopathy, could be transferred through a Kveim test.[1]
It is named for the NorwegianpathologistMorten Ansgar Kveim, who first reported the test in 1941 usinglymph node tissue from sarcoidosis patients.[2][3] It was popularised by the American physician Louis Siltzbach, who introduced a modified form using spleen tissue in 1954.[4] Kveim's work was a refinement of earlier studies performed by Nickerson, who in 1935 first reported on skin reactions in sarcoid.[5]
A Kveim test may be used to distinguish sarcoidosis from conditions with otherwise indistinguishable symptoms such asberylliosis.[6]