 | |||||||
_-_Kuwait_Airways_-_Al-Mesila_-_MSN_62567_-_VGHS.jpg) Kuwait AirwaysBoeing 777-300ER | |||||||
| |||||||
| Founded | 1953; 72 years ago (1953) (asKuwait National Airways) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commenced operations | 16 March 1954; 71 years ago (1954-03-16) | ||||||
| Hubs | Kuwait International Airport | ||||||
| Frequent-flyer program | Oasis Club | ||||||
| Fleet size | 32 | ||||||
| Destinations | 52[1] | ||||||
| Parent company | Kuwait Airways Corporation (KAC)[2] | ||||||
| Headquarters | Al Farwaniyah Governorate,Kuwait | ||||||
| Key people | Abdulmohsen Salem Alfagaan (Chairman) | ||||||
| Website | www | ||||||
Kuwait Airways (Arabic:الخطوط الجوية الكويتية,al-Ḫuṭūṭ al-Jawiyyah al-Kuwaītiyyah) is theflag carrier ofKuwait,[3] with its head office on the grounds ofKuwait International Airport,Al Farwaniyah Governorate. It operates scheduled international services throughout theMiddle East, to theIndian subcontinent,Europe,Southeast Asia andNorth America, from its main base atKuwait International Airport.
The carrier traces its history back to 1953,[nb 1] whenKuwait National Airways was formed by a group of Kuwaiti businessmen; initially, the government took a 50% interest.[5]: 211 [6] That year, a five-year management contract was signed withBritish International Airlines (BIA),[7] aBOAC subsidiary in Kuwait that operated charter flights and provided maintenance services.[6][8] TwoDakotas were bought,[5]: 211 and operations started on 16 March 1954.[4] The carrier transported 8,966 passengers in its first year of operations.[9] In July 1955, the nameKuwait Airways was adopted.[10][nb 2] In May 1958,[4] a new contract for management and operation was signed, directly with BOAC this time.[11] BIA was taken over by Kuwait Airways in April 1959.[4][nb 3]
On 8 August 1962,[5]: 210 Kuwait Airways became the first foreign customer to order theTrident when two aircraft of the type were acquired, and an option for a third was taken. The deal was valued at£5.5 million, and also included aComet 4C. At the same time, the carrier also had a £3 million order in place for threeBAC One-Elevens, with an option for a fourth.[12]: 221 The airline took delivery of the first Comet of its own in January 1963,[13][14] but Comet operations had started in July the previous year with an aircraft on lease fromMEA.[15]: 225 In August 1963, a second Comet was ordered.[16][17] The delivery of this second airframe established an unofficial record in early 1964 when it flew between London and Kuwait, a distance of 2,888 miles (4,648 km), at 461 miles per hour (742 km/h) on average.[18] On 1 June 1963, the government increased its participation in the airline to 100%.[19] In March 1964, the carrier added its first European destination to the route network when flights to London were inaugurated usingComet equipment; from that time, services between London and some points in the Middle East, includingAbadan,Bahrain,Beirut,Dhahran,Doha and Kuwait, started being operated in a pool agreement between the carrier and BOAC and MEA.[20][21] A month later, the airline absorbedTrans Arabia Airways.[22]: 855 [23]
In April 1965, the route network had expanded to include Abadan,Baghdad, Bahrain, Beirut,Bombay,Cairo,Damascus, Doha,Frankfurt, Geneva,Jerusalem,Karachi, London, Paris andTehran. At this time, the fleet comprised two Comet 4Cs, threeDC-6Bs, twoTwin Pioneers and threeViscount 700s; the carrier had two Trident 1Es and threeOne-Elevens pending delivery.[19] The first Trident was handed over by the aircraft manufacturer in March 1966,[25] and the second followed in May the same year.[26] In the interim, a third aircraft of the type was ordered.[26] On the other hand, the One-Elevens were never delivered: in January 1966, the carrier stated that the simultaneous introduction of both types of aircraft was not possible due to a tightened budget, and postponed their delivery;[27] it was informed late that year that the airline would not take them.[28][nb 4] ThreeBoeing 707-320Cs were ordered in November 1967.[24] The carrier made its first profit ever in 1968, with anet income of £910,000.[30]
During 1972, Kuwait Airways' fifth consecutive profitable year, the airline had a net profit of £2.9 million. By May 1973, the fleet had reduced to five Boeing 707-320C aircraft.[30] That year, flights toColombo were launched.[31] In March 1975, Faisal Saud Al-Fulaij, who employed 1,800, was the corporation's chairman.[32] In a deal worthUS$14 million, two additional ex-Pan American Boeing 707-320Cs were subsequently purchased that year, with the first one entering the fleet in May.[33] The carrier ordered its firstBoeing 737 that year, slated for delivery in February 1976.[34] Kuwait Airways became theBoeing 727's 96th worldwide customer in 1979 when it ordered three of these aircraft for delivery in late 1980 and early 1981.[35]
By July 1980, chairmanship was held by Ghassan Al-Nissef, the number of employees had grown to 5,400 and the fleet comprised eight Boeing 707-320Cs, oneBoeing 737-200, threeBoeing 747-200Bs and oneJetStar; threeBoeing 727-200s were pending delivery.[36] In mid 1980, sixAirbus A310-200s were ordered to replace the Boeing 707s on routes to Asia, Europe and the Middle East, with deliveries starting in 1983;[37] five more A310 aircraft were added to the order late that year.[38]
After India's air market was deregulated in 1992, Kuwait Airways andGulf Air participated in the formation ofJet Airways, each holding a 20% equity stake,[39] with a total investment estimated atUS$8 million.[40] Following the enactment of a law that banned the investment of foreign carriers in domestic Indian operators, both airlines had to divest their shareholding in the Indian company.[41] Kuwait Airways' 20% stake in Jet Airways was sold to the chairmanNaresh Goyal forUS$4 million.[42][43]
In July 1996,[45] the carrier modified a previous order that includedBoeing 747 aircraft,[46] and placed an order worthUS$280 million for twoBoeing 777-200s,[45] with purchase rights for another aircraft of the type.[47] The operation made Kuwait Airways the 22nd customer of the type worldwide.[45] The airframer handed over the first Boeing 777-200 in early 1998.[48][49] In December 1998, a code-share agreement was signed withTrans World Airlines to begin in the spring of 1999.[50]
In October 2007, the new CEO pledged that the airline should be privatised to compete efficiently against other airlines. He says that the airline will encounter difficulty in advancing, especially in fleet renewal, without privatisation.[51]
Flights toIraq were resumed in November 2013; Kuwait Airways had discontinued services to the country in 1990 following theinvasion of Kuwait.[52] After a 17-year hiatus, the carrier resumed flying toMunich in July 2015.[53][54] Also in July 2015, the airline restarted flights toIstanbul-Atatürk; the city had not been served for three years.[54]Bangalore was added to the carrier's network in October 2015.[55]
Kuwait Airways was accused of discriminating against holders of Israeli passports, for refusing in 2013 and 2014 to sell tickets fromNew York toLondon to people holding Israeli passports.[56][57] In response, SenatorRichard Blumenthal, along with five other senators, wrote a letter toTransportation SecretaryAnthony Foxx in May 2015 urging him to investigate the allegations. In October 2015, at the conclusion of an investigation, the Department of Transportation issued Kuwait Airways an order to "cease and desist from refusing to transport Israeli citizens between the U.S. and any third country where they are allowed to disembark".[58] In the letter, the DOT also accused Kuwait Airways of following theArab League boycott of Israel.[59] Additionally, New York City CouncilmemberRory Lancman asked thePort Authority of New York and New Jersey, which operates JFK Airport, to "terminate the airline's lease if it doesn't immediately change its policy."[60] For its part, the airline said that it complies with Kuwaiti Law which prohibits the company from entering "into an agreement, personally or indirectly, with entities or persons residing in Israel, or with Israeli citizenship."[61] The airline also petitioned theFederal Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia to review the dispute.[62]
The matter was settled on 15 December 2015, when Kuwait Airways informed the United States Department of Transportation that it would eliminate service between JFK and London Heathrow, withThe Daily Telegraph reporting that tickets for the route were no longer being sold effective the following week. Councilmember Lancman responded by saying "If you're soanti-Semitic that you would rather cancel a flight than provide service to Israeli passport holders, then good riddance."[63][64]
A similar lawsuit was filed in 2017 by theLawfare Project against the airline for refusing to allow Israelis on a flight from Frankfurt to Bangkok with a layover in Kuwait. Unlike the case of the New York to London route, in this lawsuit, the German court upheld the right of the airline to refuse passengers with Israeli passports to layover in Kuwait.[65][66]
Kuwait Airways is wholly owned by thegovernment of Kuwait, as of August 2023[update].[67]
Privatisation started being considered in the mid 1990s, in a period that followed theGulf War when the carrier experienced a heavy loss on its assets.[68] The company was turned into a corporation in 2004.[69] A draft decree for its privatisation was approved by the government on 21 July 2008. Plans were to sell up to 35% of the stake to a long-term investor and another 40% allotted to the public, whereas the government would hold the remaining 25%. These plans also contemplated the exclusion of domestic carrier competitors, such asJazeera Airways, as potential bidders. Furthermore, the government also committed to keeping the workforce invariant for at least five years and those who were not to be retained would be offered the opportunity to be transferred to other government dependencies without altering their salaries and holding similar working conditions.[68]
In 2011, the privatisation committee valued the carrier atUS$805 million, following advice by theCitigroup,Ernst & Young and Seabury.[70] The process was expected to be concluded by March 2011.[71] However, in October that year, the committee recommended the airline to go through a reorganisation process before continuing with the privatisation programme,[72] something that was approved by Kuwait's Council of Ministers.[70] The privatisation draft was amended[73][74] and the government signed a contract with theInternational Air Transport Association for the provision of consultation expertise.[75] The law for the privatisation of Kuwait Airways Corporation was passed in January 2013.[76]
As of November 2023[update], Abdulmohsen Salem Alfagaan holds the position aschairman.[77]
The Kuwait Airways headquarters is located on the grounds ofKuwait International Airport inAl Farwaniyah Governorate, Kuwait. The 42,000 square metres (450,000 sq ft) head office was built for 15.8 millionKuwaiti dinars (US $ 53.6 million). Ahmadiah Contracting & Trading Co. served as the main contractor. The headquarter was constructed from 1992 to 1996. The construction of the head office was the first time that structural glazing for curtain walls was used in the State of Kuwait.[78] The previous headquarters was on the grounds of the airport.[79]
Kuwait Airways has several subsidiaries that are going through a similar privatization process as KAC.
Kuwait Airways also went into alliances with several airlines to keep up with demand and to continue its operations during the 1990 war.
The airline revamped its livery on 23 October 2016, updating the stylised bird logo.[80][81][82]
Kuwait Airways is based atKuwait International Airport; the airline flies 65 routes that serve 63 destinations, as of August 2023[update].[67]
Kuwait Airways hascodeshare agreements with the following airlines:[83][84]
Kuwait Airways hasinterline agreements with the following airlines:[83]
.jpg)
As of April 2025[update], the Kuwait Airways fleet includes the following aircraft:[92][93][94]
| Aircraft | In service | Orders | Passengers | Notes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F | C | W | Y | Total | ||||
| Airbus A320ceo | 4 | — | Unknown | |||||
| Airbus A320neo | 9 | — | — | 12 | — | 122 | 134 | [77] |
| Airbus A321neo | 1 | 5 | — | 16 | — | 150 | 166 | Deliveries from March 2025[77][95][96] |
| Airbus A321LR | — | 3 | TBA | 169 | [77][95] | |||
| Airbus A330-200 | 1 | — | Unknown | |||||
| Airbus A330-800 | 4 | — | — | 32 | — | 203 | 235 | Launch customer.[97] |
| Airbus A330-900 | 2 | 5 | — | 32 | 21 | 225 | 291 | Deliveries from December 2024.[77][95][98] |
| Airbus A340-500/600 | 1 | — | Unknown | |||||
| Airbus A350-900 | — | 2 | TBA | 326 | [77][95] | |||
| Boeing 777-300ER | 10 | — | 8 | 36 | 54 | 236 | 334[99] | |
| Total | 32 | 15 | ||||||
Kuwait Airways operates aircraft for officialState business. The fleet has a Kuwait Airways inspired livery with State of Kuwait titles, and is composed of one Airbus A300-600, one A310-300, one A319, one A320, two A340-500 and one Boeing 747-8BBJ.[citation needed]
| Aircraft[100] | Total | Introduced | Retired | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airbus A300B4 | 1 | 1983 | 1983 | Leased fromHapag-Lloyd Flug. |
| 1 | 1991 | 1992 | Leased fromEgyptAir. | |
| Airbus A300-600R | 8 | 1984 | 2015 | |
| Airbus A310-200 | 8 | 1983 | 1990 | |
| Airbus A310-300 | 8 | 1991 | 2015 | |
| Airbus A340-300 | 4 | 1995 | 2017 | |
| Boeing 707-320 | 5 | 1975 | 1978 | Leased fromBritish European Airways. |
| Boeing 707-320C | 3 | 1977 | 1977 | Leased fromBritish European Airways andBritish Midland Airlines. |
| 10 | 1968 | 1985 | ||
| 6 | 1991 | 1992 | Leased fromTrans Mediterranean Airways. | |
| Boeing 727-200 | 4 | 1980 | 1994 | |
| Boeing 737-200 | 1 | 1976 | 1980 | |
| Boeing 747-200M | 4 | 1978 | 2008 | |
| Boeing 747-400M | 1 | 1994 | 2019 | |
| Boeing 767-200ER | 2 | 1986 | 1991 | Destroyed by bombing in February 1991. |
| 1 | 1994 | 1995 | ||
| Boeing 777-200ER | 2 | 1998 | 2017 | |
| De Havilland Comet | 3 | 1963 | 1969 | One leased fromBOAC. |
| Douglas C-47B Skytrain | 2 | 1952 | 1970 | |
| Douglas DC-6B | 1 | 1964 | 1968 | |
| Douglas DC-8-32 | 1 | 1974 | 1976 | |
| Douglas DC-8-62F | 3 | 1997 | 1999 | Cargo aircraft. |
| Hawker Siddeley Trident | 4 | 1965 | 1972 | |
| Lockheed L-1011-200 TriStar | 1 | 1992 | 1994 | Leased fromBritish Airways. |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 | 1 | 1992 | 1993 | Leased fromBritish Airways. |
| Vickers Viscount | 10 | 1958 | 1967 |
In October 2013, Kuwait Airways had one of the oldest aircraft fleets in the Middle East, with an average age of 20 years.[101] That month, the carrier opened itsmaintenance facilities to the press for them to check that the fleet was kept in condition,[102] amid rumours of deficiencies in their maintenance.[103] In December the same year, the carrier signed amemorandum of understanding withAirbus for the acquisition of 15A320neos and tenA350-900s.[104][105][106] These aircraft would be handed over between 2019 and 2022.[107] For the interim period, the deal includes the lease of sevenA320s and fiveA330-200s from the aircraft manufacturer;[108] deliveries would start in late 2014.[107] In a deal valued atUS$4.4 billion,[109] the order including ten A350-900s and 15 A320neos was confirmed in February 2014.[110][111] Kuwait Airways' intentions to purchase tenBoeing 777-300ERs were informed in November 2014.[112][113] The order was firmed up a month later forUS$3.3 billion[114][115][116] with deliveries expected to start in November 2016.[117] Also in December 2014, Kuwait Airways took delivery of its first sharkleted Airbus A320 as part of the airline's fleet renewal programme.[118] By March 2015[update], Kuwait Airways received four leased aircraft of the type, marking the first fleet upgrade in 17 years.[119][120] The carrier became a new customer for the Airbus A330 when it received the first aircraft of the type in June 2015.[121][122]
Following the airline's rebranding initiative in October 2016, Kuwait Airways received its first Boeing 777-300ER in December 2016, marking the arrival of the airline's first fully owned new aircraft in nearly twenty years.[81][82] Introduced in 1995,[44] theAirbus A340-300 was retired from service by the airline in 2017.[123] In October 2018, Kuwait Airways amended a pre-existing commitment with Airbus for 10A350-900s by reducing it to five of these aircraft and ordered eightAirbus A330-800s, which were scheduled to be delivered from March 2019.[3][124] The first twoAirbus A330-800s were handed over to the airline by the aircraft manufacturer in October 2020.[125]
In August 2019, Kuwait Airways Chairman Yousef A. M. J. Alsaqer stated that the airline plans to spend $2.5 billion on new aircraft due to be delivered by 2026.[126]
Kuwait Airways was named the World's Most Improved Airline for 2023 bySkyTrax.[127][128]
Kuwait Airways offers Royal Class and First Class passengers the option to check-in at the comfort of their home in where a limousine and an airline crew member will check-in the passengers, collect the luggage, and issue boarding passes at home. A car service to drive passengers to the airport is also provided upon request. This service is only offered while outbound from Kuwait International Airport.[129] Kuwait Airways is one of the few airlines which does not servealcoholic drinks on its flights.[130]
On 30 June 1966, Kuwait Airways Flight KU32, aHawker Siddeley Trident 1C, was operating a scheduled international flight from Beirut, Lebanon, to Kuwait City. The flight proceeded uneventfully until the descent phase. At 20:28 GMT, the aircraft was cleared to descend from FL300 to FL95 near the DY NDB, maintaining this altitude until passing the beacon at 20:39 GMT. The pilot-in-command elected to conduct a visual approach, and the crew reported sighting the airport’s rotating beacon and lights.[131]
During the approach to Runway 33R, the aircraft was positioned 6 miles from the airport at 2,300 feet with an airspeed of 178knots. The autopilot remained engaged, and the co-pilot was occupied with landing checks. The aircraft’s intended approach speed was 154knots with a 700 ft/min descent rate, but it continued descending at 1,500 ft/min. At 20:46 GMT, the aircraft impacted terrain approximately 4 km short of the runway threshold, slightly left of the centerline, at an elevation of 185 feet.[131]
The accident resulted from anunstable approach rate and failure to follow company regulations. The corrective action of calling for 10,500 rpm was insufficient to regain level flight, and a delayed power request was ineffective. The pilot-in-command did not follow approach procedures, with landing checks incomplete and an incorrect altimeter setting set during the incident, There were 72 passengers and 11 crew members on board with 0 deaths in the incident.[131]
On 5 April 1988, Kuwait Airways Flight 422, a Boeing 747-200 registered as 9K-ADB, departed from Bangkok en route to Kuwait City with 97 passengers and 15 crew members, including three members of the Kuwaiti royal family. Approximately three hours into the flight, over the Arabian Sea, the aircraft was hijacked by several Lebanese militants armed with machine guns and hand grenades. The hijackers directed the crew to fly to Mashhad, Iran, where they demanded the release of 17 Lebanese Shi'ite prisoners held in Kuwait for involvement in the1983 bombings.
During the standoff inMashhad, 25 hostages were released, including a male passenger with a medical condition and 24 female passengers. Negotiations stalled, leading the hijackers to force the aircraft to depart. The plane asked for landing permission in Beirut and Damascus but was denied by both. After seven hours, it landed in Larnaca,Cyprus, where two Kuwaiti passengers were executed, and their bodies were left on the tarmac. The ordeal continued as the aircraft flew to Algiers, Algeria, where, after a total of 16 days, the remaining hostages were released, and the hijackers, who were first in custody of the Algerian authorities, but after released and taken to an unknown location, they disappeared, evading capture and failing in their mission of freeing the prisoners in Kuwait.[citation needed]
Kuwait Airways suffered blows during theIraqi invasion of Kuwait, at least 15 aircraft were seized by Iraq and taken to be used byIraqi Airways. TheRevolutionary Command Council decided that the Kuwait Airways company would be dissolved and all it's property would be transported to the Iraqi Airways Company. This made Kuwait Airways file two legal actions against Iraqi Airways, these legal actions would take almost 22 years to end and were only settled in 2017. An A310-300 and A300 were seized by Iraqi forces, repainted in the Iraqi Airways livery, and given new registrations by the Iraqi Directorate of Air Safety. Iraqi Airways started to prep the 2 planes for commercial services by regularly maintaining them. In July and August of 1992, Iran returned six Toulouse-built jets to Kuwait Airways after Kuwait paid them $20 million for maintenance and storage. A pair of Tupolev Tu-124Vs, both G-IIIs, and one of the two BAe.125s were destroyed by coalition airstrikes duringOperation Desert Storm. These planes ended up being written-off. Additionally, there was aBoeing 727 that was being used by Iraqi Airways before being ferried to Oman and later, returned to Kuwait after the war.[132]
After the war Kuwait Airways sought to seek compensation for the lost planes, at first, Kuwait was seeking $1.2 billion. Iraq and Kuwait ended up settling on a deal that would see Iraq pay Kuwait $500 million. $300 million in cash and $200 million in a Kuwaiti-Iraqi airline venture.[133]
Kuwait National Airways announce a change of name, effective from July 1, to Kuwait Airways.
Under a new five-year agreement, B.O.A.C. will be responsible for management and operation of Kuwait Airways.
Kuwait Airways' first de Havilland Comet 4C took off from Hatfield [sic] on 18 January for Beirut, which it reached in 4hr 34min, an average speed of 490 m.p.h.
At Hatfield [sic] on 9 January Sir Aubrey Burke (right), chairman of the de Havilland Aircraft Co, handed over the log book of Kuwait Airways' Comet 4C to the airline's chairman, Mr Nisf Al Yusaf Al Nisf.
On August 12 at the Kuwait Embassy in London Mr Abdussalam Shuaib, chairman of Kuwait Airways, signed a contract with Hawker Siddeley Aviation for a second Comet 4C.
A second Comet 4C has been ordered by Kuwait Airways, for delivery early in 1964.
Kuwait Airways' second Hawker Siddeley Comet 4C recently established, subject to official confirmation, a point-to-point record between London and Kuwait. The official time for the 2,888 mile delivery flight was 6hr 25sec—an average of 461 m.p.h.
Kuwait Airways' general manager, Mr Abdel Rahman el Mishri, disembarking from the Comet which inaugurated his company's new London service on March 2.
Kuwait Airways have bought Trans Arabian Airways, the Beirut-based Kuwaiti company which operates three DC-6Bs.
The two One-Elevens ordered by Kuwait Airways, delivery of which was deferred last year, are not now likely to be taken by the airline.
Kuwait Airways made a profit in 1972 for the fifth consecutive year. The carrier, which operates five Boeing 707-320Cs on services radiating from Kuwait as far as London to the west and Bombay to the east, had a net income of KD2.1 million (£2.9 million). Net income in 1968, the first profitable year for the airline, was £910,000.
The second of two Boeing 707-320Cs sold by Pan American to Kuwait Airways Corporation will be delivered on September 9. The first was delivered in May. Total cost of both aircraft with spares was over $14 million.
Boeing has announced three new orders: Kuwait Airways andNordair of Montreal have each ordered one 737, Kuwait's first and Nordair's fifth, for delivery in February 1976 and November respectively
Kuwait Airways has ordered three Boeing Advanced 727s for delivery in late 1980 and early 1981. The airline becomes Boeing's 96th 727 customer. Its aircraft will be laid out with 126 tourist seats and 16 first-class, and will feature dual INS and full flight regime autothrottles.
Kuwait Airways launched 3X-weekly Munich-Kuwait City service.
Bangalore has seen Kuwait Airways,Nepal Airlines andThai AirAsia all adding new routes. Kuwait Airways started a 3X-weekly Airbus A320 service from Kuwait, Nepal Airlines began 3X-weekly A320 service from Kathmandu, and Thai Air Asia is offering a 5X-weekly service from Bangkok DMK.
Media related toKuwait Airways at Wikimedia Commons
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
