Kurdish-inhabited areas (Kurdistan ) Kurdish tribes are tribes ofKurdish people, an ethnic group from the geo-cultural region ofKurdistan inWestern Asia .
The tribes are socio-political and generally also a territorial unit based on descent and kinship, real or putative, with a characteristic internal structure. They are naturally divided into a number of sub-tribes, and each of these sub-tribes again are divided into smaller units: clans, lineages and households.[ 1]
Each Kurdish tribe use different kinds of terms to designate "Tribe", "sub-tribe", "Clan", "lineage" and "household"; 'Ahiret, Tira, Hoz, il, Khel, Tayfa or Taifa, Zuma and Rama. These terms are used loosely and interchangeably despite the tribal structure and organization of all Kurdish tribes are almost the same.[ 2]
In the 9th century, it was reported byIbn khurdubah that Kurdish tribes used the word Zūma to designate tribes (Kurdish :زوومە ,Zūma lit. ' Tribe ' ).[ 3]
The 9th century historian,Ya'qubi , recorded present of tribes of Kurds inKermanshah ,Saymara ,Hulwan and some villages inSpahan region.Al-Mas'udi reported the Kurdish tribes locations; the tribe called Šūhīān or Šāhīān atDinawar andHamadan , Māǰordān atKankavar and many other tribes that were present in theJibal region .Estakhiri , the 10th century author and traveler reported Kurdish tribes presence at the vicinity ofTakrit .Ibn Hawqal reported onHadhbāni ,Humaydi and Lari tribe.[ 3]
Armenia and Georgia [ edit ] Kurdish tribes inArmenia andGeorgia consist ofYazidis who arrived in Caucasus from the regions ofVan ,Kars andDogubayazit during two main waves of migrations, the first wave taking place during the Russo-Ottoman wars of 19th century (1828–1829 and1879–1882 ) and the second wave taking place duringWorld War I , especially during and after theArmenian genocide where Yazidis were also targeted alongside Armenians. Before migrating, Yazidis formed an integral part of Kurdish tribal interactions in theOttoman Empire . The Yazidis of Armenia who arrived during the first wave of migrations, settled inAparan andTalin provinces in the mountainous regions ofAragatz , whereas the Yazidis who arrived during the second wave settled in villages acrossAshtarak ,Echmiadzin andArmavir .[ 4]
Tribal confederations [ edit ] The present tribes and tribal confederations with their sub-tribes are listed below:[ 5] [ 6] [ 7]
Zuqiriya Confederation
Baravî Bûtikî Belekerî Dasinî Divinî Korkitiya Kurtikî Masekî Chokhreshî Memreshî Mendesorî Mendikî Reshî Reshkî Shemsika Sorî Mehemdiya Confederation
Hesiniya Confederation
Belekerî Beyandûrî Bûvkî Dasinî Dawidî Divinî Dodkî Gêloyî Kashakhî Mamtajî Memîdokî Mekhsûdî Mûskî Mîrangî Qazanî Qûchî Remoshî Sherqî Tûzhkî Ûdî Ortilî (Disputed) Sipki Confederation
Belî Chîlî Îsedizî Kashakha Karêyî Kilêrî Mikhayla Pîvazî Rejevî Rojkî Sahaniya Stûrkî Shanezera Shemsika Utî A large portion of the centuries-old Kurdish population in present-dayAzerbaijan wasdeported by the Soviet Union to Central Asia from the 1930s onwards. The remaining Kurdish population in the formerRed Kurdistan area (Lachin andKelbajar districts ) was displaced by ethnic-Armenian forces during thefirst Nagorno-Karabakh War , whilst the Kurds outside of the conflict zone in Azerbaijan became heavily assimilated intoAzerbaijani culture .[ 8] [ 9] [ 10]
The information on the tribes in Azerbaijan is from 1936:[ 11] [ 12]
Tribes Alihan Aliyan Babali Bargushat Bozlu Ferihkan Gajisam Gulukchi Hasenan Karachorlu Kelani Kulekan Kulpucci Milan Pugian Pusian Shadmanli Sheylanli Sisiyan Sultan Tahmas Terter
Map of the tribes of Iraq around 1950s by the CIA. The names of the Arab tribes are written in black; the names of the Kurdish tribes are in red. Baghdad Governorate [ edit ] The following tribes are present inBaghdad Governorate :
The following tribes are present inDiyala Governorate :
The following tribes are present inDohuk Governorate :[ 25] [ 26] [ 27]
Babiri tribe Bamernî tribe Barzani tribeBasidkî tribe (Yezidi ) Berwari tribe Belesinî tribe (Yezidi) Birîmenî tribe (Yezidi) Dina tribe (Yezidi) Dinnadi tribe (Yezidi)[ 28] Kochar tribe Dolamarî tribe Doski tribe Dumilî tribe (Yezidi) Ertuşi tribe Guli tribe Hewêrî tribe (Yezidi)[ 29] Hekarî tribe (Yezidi) Heraqî tribe (Yezidi) Mamûsî tribe (Yezidi) Mlhmbani tribe Mamesh tribe Misûsan tribe (Yezidi) Mizûrî tribeNerway tribe Nheli tribe Pêdayî tribe (Yezidi) Qaîdî tribe (Yezidi) Qirnayî tribe (Yezidi) Rêkanî tribe Rûbanistî tribe (Yezidi) Sharafani tribe Sindî tribe Sipna tribe Silêvanî tribe[ 30] Sûrçî tribe Tirk tribe (Yezidi) Tovi/Tuvi/Toviye tribe[ 31] [ 32] Xaltî tribe (Yezidi) Xetarî tribe (Yezidi) Zêbarî tribe The following tribes are present inErbil Governorate :[ 33]
Balak tribe[ 34] Ako tribe[ 35] Barzani tribeBarzinji tribe Bilbas tribe Bradost tribe Dizayee tribe Dolamari tribe[ 35] Gerdi Haruti tribe[ 35] Herki tribeKawani tribe Khailani tribe Khoshnaw tribeMantik tribe Nanakali tribe Shwan tribe Siani tribe Siyan tribe Surchi tribe Zarari tribe Zebari tribe Halabja Governorate [ edit ] The following tribes are present inKirkuk Governorate :[ 14]
Nineveh Governorate [ edit ] The following tribes and confederations are present inNineveh Governorate :[ 40] [ 41] [ 42]
[ edit ] Aldexî tribe Adiyan tribe Aldîn tribe Bekran tribe Cefrî tribe Çêlkan tribe Dilkan tribe Heskan tribe Hewîrî tribe Helîqî tribe Kurkurka tribe Mendikan tribe Mûsanî tribe Mehirkan tribe Musqora tribe Mala Bakê tribe Qîçkan tribe Qîranî tribe Reshkan tribe Simûqî tribe Sherqiyan tribe Shehwanî tribe [ edit ] Aqosî tribe Bekira tribe Çûkan tribe Dilkan tribe Emeran tribe Hebaban/Hebabat tribe Howêrî tribe Hilêqî tribe Heskan tribe Kizan tribe Korkorkî tribe Mashekî tribe Mihirkan tribe Xinan tribe Mala Xalitê tribe Miskora tribe Qîçikan tribe Hesenî tribe Nukrî tribe Eldinan tribe Usivan tribe Xosî tribe Elî Sorka tribe Xifshan tribe Saladin Governorate [ edit ] The following tribes are present inSaladin Governorate :
Sulaymaniyah Governorate [ edit ] The following tribes are present inSulaymaniyah Governorate :[ 46]
The following tribes are present inWasit Governorate :
Golbaghi (Gulbaghi) tribe[ 65] Amarlu Barghipur Shadlu Arkavazi[ 93] Al-Hasakah and Raqqa Governorates [ edit ] The following tribes are present inAl-Hasakah Governorate andRaqqa Governorate :[ 94] [ 95] [ 96] [ 97] [ 98]
Abajani tribe (Yezidi) Abasan tribe Adiya tribe (Yezidi) Afshi tribe (Yezidi) Aliyan tribe Aşitan tribe Bahcolan tribe (Yezidi ) Berazi tribe Daqoran tribe Dasikan tribe (Yezidi) Dazwani tribe[ 99] Dina tribe (Yezidi) Dorkan tribe Efshan tribe (Yezidi) Gabara tribe Hasenan tribe Hawna tribe Heverkan tribe Jabia tribe Kafnasa tribe (Yezidi) Ketikan tribe Khalta tribe (Yezidi) Kikan tribe Kiwakhi tribe (Yezidi) Koçer tribe Mahlami tribe Mahoka tribe (Yezidi) Marsini tribe Mihirkan tribe (Yezidi) Milan tribeMiran tribeNimrdani tribe (Yezidi) Omerkan tribe Omeriyan tribe Pinar Eliya tribe Semoqa tribe (Yezidi) Shifaqta tribe (Yezidi) Sharqi tribe (Yezidi) Şêxan tribe Taqa tribe (Yezidi) The following tribes are present inAleppo Governorate :[ 100] [ 101]
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