Kungur was founded 17 kilometers (11 mi) above the Iren's mouth on the banks of theKungurka in 1648.[citation needed] In 1662, it was burnt byBashkirs. In 1663, it was rebuilt as a fortress on the place of the village ofMysovskoye. In the beginning of the 18th century, leather and footwear industries started to develop here, and in 1724, atannery was built. By the mid-18th century, Kungur became one of the most populated areas in the Urals.
In 1759,Perm administration of mining plants was moved to Kungur. By the end of the 18th century, Kungur was an important transit trade center of the Siberian road, as well as the center of leather manufacture inPerm Governorate. Kungur rope and linseed oil were widely known. In 1774, the town withstood a siege byYemelyan Pugachev'sCossack forces. By the end of the 19th century, Kungur had become a significant industrial (including manufacture of leather footwear, gloves, and mittens) and cultural center.
In 1890 theKungurian Age of thePermian Period of geological time was named for Kungur.
The town's original coat of arms became official according with the Highest Law of EmpressAnna Ioannovna in 1737. The current coat of arms was adopted in 1994.
The name of the city was given by theKungur River, which flows into theIren at the site of the construction of the first fort. The hydronym arose under the influence of theVolga Bulgars (Ogur andHungarian tribes) who came to theVolga-Kama territory in the7th century, from them the name Kungur < Hungur < Vungur < Ungur is the name of theOnogur (On ogur) andHungarian tribes. On the territory ofPerm the Great andUdmurtia, archaeologists find quite a lot ofBulgar objects.
Major industries are SIATurbobur and JSK "Kungur-footwear" (leather including army footwear). The town produces art goods (souvenirs from stone,maiolica), musical instrument (guitars) factories, repair-mechanical plant, clothing and knitting mills, and food industry companies. Rye, wheat, oats, barley, potatoes, vegetables are grown in Kungur, and the town also has meat-dairy cattle husbandry and aviculture.
Among the notable buildings in Kungur are the Transfiguration Church (1781), Nikola Cathedral, former Guest courtyard with the Burse (1865–76, architect R. O. Karvovsky), the Zyryanov Hospice (1881, now the surgical department of a hospital), the 19th century storehouses of the Kopakov merchants (now a culture center).
The Tikhvinsky Temple was built in 1763 and got its name from the holy icon ofTikhvinskaya Bogomater. Now the movie theater "Oktyabr" is located in the building.
In the lower part of the town, on Kittarskaya street, is the Uspenskaya Church, built in 1761. On the opposite bank of the Sylva river stands the Preobrazhensky Temple.
The Kungur Ice Cave is located in the vicinity of Kungur, on the right bank of theSylva River. Ramified passages stretch under the ground for over 6,000 meters, and only a small part has already been explored. To this day, old slides and crumblings do not allow to determine the total length of the passages. In the explored part of the cave there are several dozens ofgrottoes; the largest one, which is called the Druzhba (Friendship) Grotto, was given its name in honor of the participants of the International Geological Congress who visited the cave in 1937. Inside this grotto there is a lake with the area of 750 m2.
The grottoes are "adorned" with columns ofstalagmites and icicles ofstalactites up to two meters in height. Over millennia,limestone bearing water has created an infinite variety of forms in the cave, likesnowflakes which change in size during the year and reach the size of amaple leaf during late winter. The cave is filled with water from the Sylva River twice a year, in spring and in fall, when it is not accessible to tourists.
Законодательное собрание Пермской области. Закон №416-67 от 28 февраля 1996 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Пермского края», в ред. Закона №504-ПК от 9 июля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Пермской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Пермского края"». Вступил в силу с момента опубликования. Опубликован: "Звезда", №38, 12 марта 1996 г. (Legislative Assembly of Perm Oblast. Law #416-67 of February 28, 1996On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Perm Krai, as amended by the Law #504-PK of July 9, 2015On Amending the Law of Perm Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Perm Krai". Effective as of the moment of publication.).
Законодательное собрание Пермской области. Закон №1769-367 от 10 ноября 2004 г. «Об утверждении границ и о наделении статусом муниципального образования "Город Кунгур" Пермского края», в ред. Закона №499-ПК от 16 октября 2009 г «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Пермской области и Коми-Пермяцкого автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Бюллетень Законодательного Собрания и администрации Пермской области", №12, I часть, 9 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Perm Oblast. Law #1769-367 of November 10, 2004On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Status to the Municipal Formation of the "Town of Kungur" of Perm Krai, as amended by the Law #499-PK of October 16, 2009On Amending Various Legislative Acts of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day which is ten days following the day of the official publication.).
Законодательное собрание Пермской области. Закон №1987-436 от 27 декабря 2004 г. «Об утверждении границ и о наделении статусом муниципальных образований Кунгурского района Пермского края», в ред. Закона №273-ПК от 14 декабря 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Пермской области, Коми-Пермяцкого автономного округа, Пермского края». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №2, 13 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Perm Oblast. Law #1987-436 of December 27, 2004On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Status to the Municipal Formations of Kungursky District of Perm Krai, as amended by the Law #273-PK of December 14, 2013On Amending Various Laws of Perm Oblast, Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug, Perm Krai. Effective as of the day which is ten days following the day of the official publication.).
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