| Kosiński uprising | |||||||
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| Part ofCossack uprisings | |||||||
 Kosiński Uprising | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth |  Zaporozhian Cossacks | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Janusz Ostrogski Aleksander Wiśniowiecki | Krzysztof Kosiński † | ||||||
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Kosiński uprising (1591–1593) was the first Cossack rebellion in thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, commanded by the Cossack HetmanKrzysztof Kosiński.[1][2][3][4]
In the late 16th century, thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was experiencing a short period of internal stability. This, however, was threatened by theCossacks, who organised raids intoCrimea,Moldavia, and other lands of theOttoman Empire. To counter the threat,SultanMurad III threatened Poland–Lithuania with war if the Cossack pillaging continued.
In 1580 theSejm inWarsaw passed theOrder in Ukraine (Porządek ze strony Niżowców i Ukrainy) Act, in whichRegistered Cossacks were banned from raids to theZaporizhian Sich, taking captives or pillaging. Any Cossack who broke this law was to be put to death without trial.
The immediate cause of theuprising was a dispute between theCossack hetmanKrzysztof Kosiński and thestarosta ofBila Tserkva andVoivode of Volyn,Janusz Ostrogski. Kosinski, anobleman fromPodlasie,[5][verification needed] received lands in the Rokitno area, abandoned after theCrimean Tartar invasions, fromHetmanJan Zamoyski in 1590.[6][verification needed] However, these lands were taken over byAleksander Wiśniowiecki and later ceded to Janusz Ostrogski.[1] Feeling wronged, Kosinski attacked Bila Tserkva in December 1591, which sparked an uprising.[1] On 29 December 1591, Kosinski attacked the house of Dmitry Kurtsevich Buliga in Bila Tserkva, stealing valuables and land grant documents.[1] He then attackedBohuslav, Tripoli andPereyaslav, spreading the conflict to Kievshchyna,Braclawshchyna andVolhynia.[7] KingSigismund III Vasa appointed a commission to put down the rebellion, headed byMikołaj Jazłowiecki. In 1592, after unsuccessful negotiations, Kosinski continued fighting, destroying Ostrogski's estates. The finalbattle took place on 2 February 1593 at Piatek, where Kosinski's army was defeated by Janusz Ostrogski. After the surrender, The self-proclaimed hetman did not keep the terms of capitulation and fled to Zaporizhia , where he gathered a 2,000-strong detachment of Cossacks. He established contacts with Russia and Tatars , seeking support against the Commonwealth everywhere .But in May 1593 he was finally defeated atCherkasy by Alexander Wisniowiecki and died in unclear circumstances.[1] The 1593Sejm declared the participants in the uprising to be traitors, but a settlement was later reached that allowed the registeredCossacks to keep their weapons andChaika, declaring a generalamnesty.
| Grand Duchy of Lithuania (to 1795) |
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| Interwar Lithuania (1918–1940) |
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