In January 2019, Itakura joinedPremier League clubManchester City and was immediately loaned toEredivisie clubGroningen, until the summer of 2020.[4] On 24 July 2020, his stay with Groningen was extended with one more year after both clubs agreed.[5]
On 19 August 2021, Itakura signed a season-long loan deal with2. Bundesliga clubSchalke 04 with an option to make the move permanent for £5 million.[6] At the end of the season, he was promoted to theBundesliga with Schalke, but the club did not activate the option due to financial reasons.[7] Instead, he signed a four-year deal with fellow Bundesliga clubBorussia Mönchengladbach.
On August 19 2023, he scored his first goal in the Bundesliga againstAugsburg, and on September 2, he scored a goal againstBayern Munich, which had the most wins and were the champions of the previous year.[8] On September 8th, he was selected as the team's MVP for August.[9]
On August 7, 2025, it was announced that Itakura will return to theEredivisie and signed a contract withAjax, thus becoming the first Japanese player to represent the club.[10][11]
In November 2022, he was selected for the2022 FIFA World Cup Japan National team for the first time.[14] Participated in all group stage matches and became the first Asian team to win first place in an overseas World Cup group league, contributing to advance to the final tournament for two consecutive tournaments. His long ball was the starting point of the come-from-behind goalagainst Germany. He was also named in the first group stage best eleven by SpanishMarca and ItalianSky Sport.[15] The former named him one of the players to double his value in the World Cup and described him as "the most consistent performance of the entire tournament".[16]
On March 28, 2023, he served as captain for the first time in the second match of the second term ofMoriyasuJapan againstColombia.[17]