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| tjt Knot of Isis inhieroglyphs | ||
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Thetyet (Ancient Egyptian:tjt), sometimes called theknot of Isis orgirdle of Isis, is anancient Egyptian symbol that came to be connected with the goddessIsis.[1] Its hieroglyphic depiction is catalogued as V39 inGardiner's sign list.
In many respects thetyet resembles anankh, except that its arms curve down. Its meaning is also reminiscent of the ankh, as it is often translated to mean "welfare" or "life".
Thetyet resembles a knot of cloth and may have originally been a bandage used to absorbmenstrual blood.[2]
An early example of atyet sign comes from aFirst Dynasty tomb atHelwan, excavated by Zaki Saad in the 1940s. This example predates the first written references to Isis and may not have been connected with her at the time.[3] In later times, it came to be linked with her and with the healing powers that were an important aspect of her character.[2]
Tyet amulets came to be buried with the dead in the earlyNew Kingdom of Egypt (c. 1550–1070 BC). The earliest examples date to the reign ofAmenhotep III, and from then until the end of dynastic Egyptian history, few people were buried without one placed within the mummy wrappings, usually on the upper torso.[4]Ancient Egyptian funerary texts included many passages describing the use of different types of amulets and include spells to be recited over them.[5] Chapter 156 of theBook of the Dead, a New Kingdom funerary text, calls for atyet amulet made of red jasper to be placed at the neck of a mummy, saying "the power of Isis will be the protection of [the mummy's] body" and that the amulet "will drive away whoever would commit a crime against him."[6] Such amulets were often made of red jasper or similarly colored materials, such as carnelian or red glass. However, many others were made of green materials such asEgyptian faience, whose color represented the renewal of life.[4]
Another type of knot is sometimes called the "Isis knot": a large knot in a mantle worn by Egyptian women from theLate Period onward. It is associated with Isis because it often appeared on statues of her in Hellenistic and Roman times, but apart from the name it is not related to thetyet.[7]
Thetyet can be compared with theMinoansacral knot, a symbol of a knot with a projecting loop found inKnossos, Crete.
Media related toKnot of Isis (hieroglyph) at Wikimedia Commons
