 Preparation ofkhubz tannur 'tandoor bread' | |
Khubz (Arabic:خبز,romanized: khubz), alternatively transliterated askhoubz,khobez,khubez, orkhubooz,[clarification needed] is the usual word for "bread" inStandard Arabic and in many of the vernaculars. Among the breads popular in Middle Eastern countries are "pocket"pita bread in theLevant andEgypt, and the flattannur bread inIraq.
In Iraq, the most popular bread is tannur bread (ḵubz al-tannūr, خبز التنور), which resembles other slightly leavened flatbreads such asIraniannan-e barbari,Central andSouth Asian flatbreads (such asnaan), andpizza base. (See alsotandoor bread andtaboon bread.)
The word tannur comes from theAkkadian wordtinūru (𒋾𒂟), which consists of the partstin 'mud' andnuro/nura 'fire' and is mentioned as early as in the AkkadianEpic of Gilgamesh.[1]
Six recipes for bread baked in atannur are included inIbn Sayyar al-Warraq's 10th centuryKitab al-Tabikh cookery book.
As a result of theeconomic sanctions imposed on Iraq in the 1990s there was an increase in the making of bread in the traditional way in a tannur.[2]
Pita is a flatbread found in manyMediterranean,Balkan, andMiddle Eastern cuisines. In Arab countries, pita bread is produced as a roundflatbread, 18 cm (7 in) to 30 cm (12 in) in diameter. It is thin and puffs up as it bakes. Since it does not contain any added fat, it dries out rapidly and is best consumed while still warm; later, it may become chewy.[3]
The "pocket" pita originated in theMiddle East.[4][5] It is also known as Arab(ic) bread, Lebanese bread, or Syrian bread.[6][7][4]
InEgyptian,Jordanian,Lebanese,Israeli,Palestinian andSyrian cuisine, almost every savory dish can be eaten in or on pita bread. It is one of the staple food items in the Lebanese cuisine. Common fillings includefalafel, lamb or chickenshawarma,kebab, omelettes such asshakshouka (eggs and tomatoes),hummus,Jerusalem Mixed grill,Sabich and othermezes.
Nationals of other countries, for example,South Asians, also consume it as a replacement forroti withcurries, cooked vegetables or meat (dry or gravy).
Among the mixed Arabic-French words used in colloquialMaghrebi French,khobziste refers to a person politically motivated by opportunism,khobzisme, both derived fromخبز khobz/khubz.
Pita bread originated in the Middle East and is also known as Arabic, Syrian, and pocket bread.
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