Lid خربة لِد العوادين Khirbet Lid al Awadin[1] | |
|---|---|
Village | |
| Etymology: From personal name[2] | |
.jpg) 1870s map.jpg) 1940s map.jpg) modern map.jpg) 1940s with modern overlay mapA series of historical maps of the area around Khirbat Lid (click the buttons) | |
  Lid Location withinMandatory Palestine | |
| Coordinates:32°36′49″N35°13′27″E / 32.61361°N 35.22417°E /32.61361; 35.22417 | |
| Palestine grid | 171/224 |
| Geopolitical entity | Mandatory Palestine |
| Subdistrict | Haifa |
| Date of depopulation | Not known[1] |
| Population (1945) | |
• Total | 640[3][4] |
| Current Localities | HaYogev[5] |
Lid was aPalestinian village in theHaifa Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the1948 Arab–Israeli War on April 9, 1948. It was 32 km southeast ofHaifa.
The Khirbat al-Manatir contained artifacts from theByzantine period.[5]
In 1881, thePEF'sSurvey of Western Palestine (SWP) found "traces of ruins, with a pillar-shaft near a spring" at Lid.[6]
While surveying for the construction of theJezreel Valley railway,Gottlieb Schumacher noted in 1900 that Lid was a "flourishing village" of 46 huts and 200 inhabitants, built up by the Bedouin of theMerj.[7]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities, the tribal area ofAl Awadein had a population of 402 Muslims,[8] increasing in the1931 census to 451, in 87 houses.[9] In the1945 statistics it had a population of 640 Muslims,[3] and the total area was 13,572 dunams.[4] Of the land, 103dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 13,063 for cereals,[10] and 52 were built-up (urban) areas.[11]
In addition to agriculture, residents practicedanimal husbandry, an important source of income for the town. In 1943, they owned 480 heads of cattle, 612 sheep over a year old, 125 goats over a year old, 36 camels, 16 horses, 39 donkeys, 2890 birds, and 650 pigs.[12]
A Jewish force infiltrated Lid on the evening of 26 February 1948, in the early weeks of the war. According to an account of the raid published in the Palestinian dailyFilastin, villagers fired heavily on the attackers, driving them back after a brief skirmish. No casualties were reported. While no explicit account of the occupation of Lid is available, it is possible that, given its location, it may have been one of the villages captured in the aftermath of theBattle of Mishmar ha-Emeq. All the villages occupied during the operation were almost immediately destroyed by the Jewish forces as part of theNakba. A remoter possibility is that it was occupied during the Israeli army'sOperation Dekel.[13]
After the war the area was incorporated into theState of Israel. Themoshav ofHaYogev was established in 1949, west of the village site and partly on village land.[5]
In 1992 the village site was described as "Piles of stones, scattered across the ground near several large eucalyptus and olive trees, are all that remain of the village. There is a newly-built structure over the village well."[5]
