Kepler-419c (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designationKOI-1474.02) is asuper-Jupiterexoplanet orbiting within thehabitable zone of the starKepler-419, the outermost of two such planets discovered byNASA'sKepler spacecraft. It is located about 3,400light-years (1040parsecs )fromEarth in the constellationCygnus.^[1] The exoplanet was found by using thetransit timing variation method, in which the variations of transit data from an exoplanet are studied to reveal a more distant companion.

Kepler-419c is asuper-Jupiter, an exoplanet that has a radius and mass greater than that of the planetJupiter. It has a temperature of 250 K (−23 °C; −10 °F), somewhat cooler than theequilibrium temperature of the Earth.^[3] It has a mass of 7.2M_J, and a likely radius of around 1.13R_J, based on its high mass.^[2]

The planet orbits an (F-type)star namedKepler-419. The star has a mass of 1.39M_☉ and a radius of 1.75R_☉. It has a surface temperature of 6430K and is 2.8 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old^[4] and has a surface temperature of 5778 K.^[5]

The star'sapparent magnitude, or how bright it appears from Earth's perspective, is 12. It is too dim to be seen with the naked eye.

Kepler-419c orbits its host star with 270% of the Sun's luminosity (2.7L_☉) about every 675 days (around 1.84 years) at a distance of 1.61AU (compared to the orbital distance ofMars, which is 1.52 AU). It has a slightly eccentric orbit, with an eccentricity of 0.184. It receives about 95% of the amount ofsunlight that Earth does.^[3]

Kepler-419c resides in the circumstellarhabitable zone of the parent star. The exoplanet, with a mass of 7.28M_J, is too massive to be rocky, and because of this the planet itself is probably not habitable. However, Kepler-419c is listed as one of the candidates that may harbor potentially habitable moons, where, with the right atmospheric pressure and temperature, liquid water might exist on the surface of the moon.

Hypothetically, for a stable orbit the ratio between the moon'sorbital periodP_s around its primary and that of the primary around its starP_p must be < 1/9, e.g. if a planet takes 90 days to orbit its star, the maximum stable orbit for a moon of that planet is less than 10 days.^[6][7] Simulations suggest that a moon with an orbital period less than about 45 to 60 days will remain safely bound to a massive giant planet orbrown dwarf that orbits 1AU from a Sun-like star.^[8] In the case of Kepler-419c, this would be practically the same to have a stable orbit, albeit a bit longer, around 65 days.

In 2009,NASA'sKepler spacecraft was completing observing stars on itsphotometer, the instrument it uses to detecttransit events, in which a planet crosses in front of and dims its host star for a brief and roughly regular period of time. In this last test, Kepler observed50000 stars in theKepler Input Catalog, including Kepler-419, the preliminary light curves were sent to the Kepler science team for analysis, who chose obvious planetary companions from the bunch for follow-up at observatories. Observations for the potential exoplanet candidates took place between 13 May 2009 and 17 March 2012. After observing the respective transits, the first planet,Kepler-419b, was announced.

Further investigations were made into the transit data of Kepler-419b, which was shown to be varying slightly, caused by a more distant orbiting planet. Data revealed that the responsible companion was about 7.3 times more massive than Jupiter and orbiting at a distance of 1.68 AU. The discovery was then announced on June 12, 2014.^[1]

• Kepler-47c
• HD 69830 d
• Kepler-90h

• NASA – Kepler Mission.
• NASA – Kepler Discoveries – Summary Table.
• NASA – Kepler-419c atThe NASA Exoplanet Archive.
• NASA – Kepler-419c atThe Exoplanet Data Explorer.
• NASA – Kepler-419c atThe Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia.

• Exoplanets discovered by the Kepler space telescope
• Giant planets
• Exoplanets discovered in 2014
• Transiting exoplanets
• Giant planets in the habitable zone
• Cygnus (constellation)

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• Short description is different from Wikidata