| Type | Public |
|---|---|
| Established | 1953 |
| Principal | Alexander Aptekarev |
| Postgraduates | 155 |
| 91 | |
| Address | Miusskaya pl., 4, 125047 ,Moscow ,Russia 55°46′37.57″N37°35′24.8″E / 55.7771028°N 37.590222°E /55.7771028; 37.590222 |
| Affiliations | Russian Academy of Sciences |
| Website | www.keldysh.ru |
 | |
TheKeldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (Russian:Институт прикладной математики им. М.В.Келдыша, ИПМ) is a research institute specializing incomputationalmathematics. It was established to solve computational tasks related to government programs ofnuclear andfusion energy,space research andmissile technology. The Institute is a part of the Department of Mathematical Sciences of theRussian Academy of Sciences. The main direction of activity of the institute is the use ofcomputer technology to solve complex scientific and technical issues of practical importance. Since 2016, the development of mathematical and computational methods forbiological research, as well as a direct solution to the problems ofcomputational biology with the use of such methods, has also been included in the circle of scientific activities of the institute.
Theoretical physicistYakov Zeldovich headed one of the departments placed in charge of the theoretical aspects of the work on the creation ofnuclear andthermonuclear weapons.Alexander Samarskii performed the first realistic calculations of macrokinetics ofchain reaction of anuclear explosion, which led to the practical importance estimated power of nuclear weapons. In relation to nuclear energy, the institute was also involved in modelling of processes ofneutron transport andnuclear reactions. In particular, E. Kuznetsov is known for his work on the theory ofnuclear reactors.
Currently, such work inKIAM is continuing in the field ofplasma physics and controlledthermonuclear fusion, which began under the leadership ofSergei Kurdyumov,A. A. Samarskii,Yu. P. Popov.
Dmitry Okhotsimsky directed the works in the department created for research of the dynamics ofspace flight. In 1966, the department was reorganized into the Ballistic Centre.[1] The Ballistic Centre was involved in the calculations of optimal orbit trajectory and actual corrections for all space flights, from uncrewed interplanetary and lunar vehicles to the crewed "Soyuz" and orbital station "Salyut" and "Mir". The institute took an active part in the creation of the Soviet space shuttle "Buran".
KIAM continues to engage in Russian space projects. Current research is connected with:
One of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth centuryIsrael Gelfand was at the head of the Department of heat transmission before his departure for the United States in 1989. He was carrying out the fundamental works onfunctional analysis,algebra andtopology.Andrey Nikolayevich Tikhonov worked initially also in these areas of mathematics. However, Tikhonov is better known for his works of more applied orientation, such as methods for solvingill-posed problems (Tikhonov regularization). Tikhonov also created the theory ofdifferential equations with asmall parameter at the highest derivative. The general theory of stability ofdifference schemes was developed byA. A. Samarskii. Samarskii considered mathematical modelling as an independent scientific discipline. Sergei Kurdyumov created a whole scientific school innonlinear dynamics andsynergetics in Russia.
Currently, the existing arsenal of numerical methods is updated and improved in response to the growing complexity of the models and the possibilities of modernsupercomputers. Scientists of KIAM elaborategrid methods for solving computational problems, which has led, in particular, to the creation of a declarative language "Norma".[2]
The first studies were carried out still onmechanical calculators "Mercedes" by a large staff of estimators. Currently, work is underway to create a distributed computing system based on combining severalsupercomputers, which are used for grid – technology and developed a specializedoperating system (DVM).
Currently, work on robotics is carried out in:
Since 2016, the sphere of interest of KIAM includes also computational biology problems, which are solved inIMPB RAS – Branch of KIAM RAS inPushchino.
Most of the leading employees ofKIAM worked part-time as professors of theMoscow State University andMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology.A. N. Tikhonov was the organizer and first Dean of theFaculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics.
I. M. Gelfand was engaged in the mathematical education of secondary school pupils.
The institute is located inMoscow,Russia. In 1978, it is named afterMstislav Keldysh. The institute was created in 1966 when it split fromSteklov Institute of Mathematics. Already as the Department of Applied Mathematics of Steklov Institute it had conducted some outstanding research in the field of space exploration: in 1953 it developed the method of ballisticspacecraft descent, that was used on 12 April 1961 forYuri Gagarin's return to the Earth, and in 1957Sputnik 1 orbit was calculated there using thecomputer processing ofoptical observation data.[4]
As a result of the reorganization inRAS of 2015–2016 years[5]Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology became a branch ofKIAM.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
