Katinka Hosszú (Hungarian:[ˈkɑtiŋkɑˈhossuː]; born 3 May 1989) is a Hungarian former competitiveswimmer specialized in individual medley events. She is a three-time Olympic champion and a nine-time long-course world champion.[3] She is the owner of a Budapest-based swim school and swim club called Iron Swim Budapest, and a co-owner[4] and was captain of Team Iron, founding member of theInternational Swimming League.
Hosszú held sevenworld records in the course of her career, and was the first swimmer (male or female) to hold world records in all five individual medley events at the same time. She holds two-thirds of theHungarian national records. Hosszú was namedFINA Swimmer of the Year in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018,[5] and won SwimSwam'sSwammy Award for Female Swimmer of the Year in 2013.[6]
Hosszú competed at fiveSummer Olympics: 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020. After a long tenure under head coach Shane Tusup, who was her husband,[7] following their divorce Hosszú was coached byDave Salo before moving onto Árpád Petrov.[8] At the end of 2019 she parted ways with Petrov,[9] and by the following year had hired József Nagy to be her coach.[10]
She was one of the most versatile swimmers in the world, and was nicknamed the "Iron Lady",[1][2] which she has since turned into a fast growing international brand.[11] In 2014 she became the first race-prize dollar millionaire (man or woman) in swimming history.[12]
In 2019,Forbes magazine considered her to be the most valuable Hungarian athlete, having ranked in the first position for the previous five years.[13]
Katinka Hosszú was born in Pécs, Hungary, the daughter of Barbara Bakos and István Hosszú. She is the youngest of three (Gergely and Ádám). Katinka grew up inBaja and was coached in swimming by her grandfather, László Bakos until the age of 13. Hosszú met her future husband Shane Tusup in 2009, when they were both freshmen at theUniversity of Southern California. After being crushed under the pressure of expectations at the2012 London Olympics and not medalling, she asked her then boyfriend Tusup to become her coach, replacing her coach since her U.S.C. swim team days,Dave Salo. After the Olympics, at the Beijing World Cup swim meet, she competed in 8 events, medalling in 5 of them, leading to Chinese newspapers says she was made out of iron, leading to her nickname,The Iron Lady. Hosszú married Tusup in 2013.[14]
In August 2016, Hosszú lost a defamation lawsuit against writerCasey Barrett, magazineSwimming World, and publisher Sports Publications International, Incorporated. She had filed the lawsuit in November 2015 after the magazine published an article on its website in May 2015 questioning whether Hosszú was usingperformance-enhancing substances, despite Hosszú never having been found to use such substances. The lawsuit was dismissed because the judge ruled the article to clearly be an opinion piece.[15] Hosszú and husband Tusup opened their own swim club in Hungary,Iron Aquatics in September 2016.[16]
On 16 February 2018 Hosszú filed for divorce from Tusup.[17] On 25 May 2018 Hosszú's Facebook page was deleted by Tusup, who was the sole administrator of the page.[18] However, on 6 June 2018 she regained access to herFacebook page with the assistance of activist and women's rights defenderMatan Uziel.[19]
In January 2022, Hosszú announced her engagement to her boyfriend since 2019, Máté Layber-Gelencsér.[20] The two got married in August 2022.[21] Later in the year, abiographical film entitled "Katinka", which portrays her life, was released in theaters.[22] In the summer of 2023 the birth of Hosszú's daughter, Kamília Layber-Gelencsér was announced via Instagram.[23]
Hosszú was renowned throughout the swimming world for swimming many events well in a short space of time. During the third leg of the 2014 FINA/MASTBANK Swimming World Cup, organised in the Victoria Park Swimming Pool of Hong Kong, she got an unprecedented achievement winning 12 medals out of the 17 individual events for the two-day meet. 10 gold (200 m, 400 m and 800 m free, 50 m, 100 m and 200 m backstroke, 200 m butterfly, 100 m, 200 m and 400 m individual medley) and 2 silver (50 m free and 50 m butterfly).[24][25][26][27]
Hosszú is an active part of the swimming community as well. She is one of 30 swimmers who have founded the Global Association of Professional Swimmers in 2017.[28] She is also working on reforming swimming as an entertainment by being the ambassador for the International Swimming League, a new initiative with the aim of organizing and reorganizing swimming competitions.[29]
Hosszú made her international debut at the age of 15 representing Hungary at the2004 Summer Olympics where she competed in the200-meter freestyle finishing 31st with a time of 2:04.22.
She won her first medal at the2004 European Short Course Swimming Championships, a bronze in the 400-meter individual medley (4:35,41).
At the2005 European Junior Swimming Championships held in Budapest she won three gold medals in 200-meter freestyle, 400-meter individual medley and the 4×100-meter freestyle relay. Two silver medals in 400-meter freestyle and the 4×200-meter freestyle relay. And a bronze medal in the 800-meter freestyle.
She won her first long course medal at the2008 European Championships, a silver in 400-meter individual medley (4:37.43).
At the2009 World Championships she won two bronze medals in the200-meter individual medley and200-meter butterfly before becoming World Champion in the400-meter individual medley. She was elected Hungarian Sportswoman of the Year for her achievements.
At the2010 European Championships held in her home country, she won a silver medal in 400-meter medley and became European Champion in 200-meter butterfly, 200-meter medley and as a member of the 4 × 200-meter freestyle relay team.
In 2011 Hosszú had one of the finest seasons in college history winning 3 individual National Championships: 200y IM (1:53.39), 400y IM (3:59.75) and 200y fly (1:51.69). She was named Pac-10 Swimmer of the Year,[30] CSCAA Swimmer of the Year[31] and got theHonda Sports Award in swimming and diving, designating her as the nation's top collegiate female athlete for this year in this sport.[32][33][34]
Competing in the2012 Summer Olympics, she finished fourth in the400-meter individual medley with a time of 4:33.49, just outside of the medals. She also finished eighth in the200-meter individual medley and missed the finals for the200-meter butterfly.
Despite that after the disappointment at the 2012 London Olympics, Tamás Gyárfás, the then president of theHungarian Swimming Association even advised her to retire, she decided not to give up her swimming career and since then she has been coached by her husband Shane Tusup, a former American professional swimmer himself.
In 2013, Hosszú set out to redeem herself after her medal-less performance at the 2012 Olympics. She attended numerous competitions and swam highly rigorous programs at each one, earning herself the nickname of the "Iron Lady". She earned three medals (two gold, one bronze) at the World Championships and a gold and two silvers at the European Championships. She also amassed a total of 24 golds and broke 6 world records during the World Cup series.[35]
| 2013 World Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
 | 200 m individual medley | 2:07.92 |
| 400 m individual medley | 4:30.41 |
 | 200 m butterfly | 2:05.59 |
At the2013 World Championships, she pulled out of the100-meter backstroke after qualifying second in the heats (preliminary races), to concentrate on the final of the200-meter individual medley which she subsequently won with a time of 2:07.92. She then touched third in the200-meter butterfly behindLiu Zige andMireia Belmonte. She capped off her competition with a final gold in the400-meter individual medley, finishing in 4:30.41.
Throughout the2013 World Cup series, she set world records in 100-meter IM, 200-meter IM, and 400-meter IM, breaking the 200-meter record twice and 100-meter record three times.
In 2014, Hosszú broke the short course world records in the 100-meter and 200-meter individual backstroke events and in 100-, 200-, and 400-meter individual medleys.
| 2015 World Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
| 200 m individual medley | 2:06.12 (WR) |
| 400 m individual medley | 4:30.39 |
| 200 m backstroke | 2:06.84 |
At the2015 World Championships in Kazan, Hosszú again dealt with a monster programme, competing in the 200- and 400-meter individual medley, 100- and 200-meter backstroke, 100- and 200-meter freestyle, and 200-meter butterfly. She posted the top time in the prelims of the100-meter backstroke, but elected to pull out of the semifinal to concentrate on the200-meter individual medley final, a decision which ultimately paid off. She broke the previous world record set byAriana Kukors back in 2009 in a stunning time of 2:06.12. Hosszú's time of 58.78 in the prelims of the 100-meter backstroke would have earned her a bronze medal in the final; however the 200-meter individual medley final was 30 minutes after the backstroke semifinal and swimming it might have cost her the gold medal and the world record in the 200-meter individual medley. In addition, Hosszú won bronze in the 200-meter backstroke, placed fifth in the 200-meter freestyle, and capped it off with a victory in the 400-meter individual medley on the last day.
Hosszú won six gold medals at the2015 European Short Course Championships, sweeping all three backstroke and three individual medley events. She broke world records in the 100- and 400-meter individual medleys.
| 2016 Olympics | ||
|---|---|---|
| 100 m backstroke | 58.45 |
| 200 m individual medley | 2:06.58 (OR) |
| 400 m individual medley | 4:26.36 (WR) |
 | 200 m backstroke | 2:06.05 |
At the2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Hosszú won the gold medal and broke the world record in the400-meter individual medley,[36] won the gold medal and broke the Olympic record in the200-meter individual medley, and won a third gold medal in the100-meter backstroke.[37] She also won a silver in the200-meter backstroke behind AmericanMaya DiRado.[38] With 3 gold medals and 1 silver, Hosszú won more medals in individual events than any other swimmer in the 2016 Summer Olympics.
In theWorld Short Course Championships inWindsor, Hosszú won a record 9 individual medals (7 gold and 2 silver) and reached 11 individual finals. She won the100-,200-, and400-meter individual medley,100- and200-meter butterfly, and100- and200-meter backstroke. Additionally, she took silver in the200-meter freestyle and50-meter backstroke.
In April, Hosszú competed in Swim Open Stockholm and won the 1500-meter freestyle event with a time of 16:22.30.[39] She came second in the 200-meter freestyle with a time of 1:57.01, finishing behindMichelle Coleman. She also came second in the 50-meter backstroke event with a time of 28.54.[40]
At the2017 World Championships in her home countryHungary, Hosszú swam another rigorous schedule. She won her first gold medal in the200-meter individual medley with a time of 2:07.00.[41] She also won the gold medal and broke the Championships record in the400-meter individual medley with a time of 4:29.33.[42]
At the2018 European Championship inGlasgow Hosszú won the gold medal in the200-meter individual medley becoming the first female swimmer to win the same event in five consecutive editions (2010-2018). She joined her compatriotLászló Cseh who achieved the same twice, in the 400m IM (2004-2012) and in the 200m IM (2006-2014).[43][44]
| 2019 World Championships | ||
|---|---|---|
| 200 m individual medley | 2:07.53 |
| 400 m individual medley | 4:30.39 |
At the2019 World Championships held inGwangju, South Korea, Hosszú became the first female swimmer ever to win four straight world titles (2013-2019) in a single event (200m IM).[45][46] Six days later she also won the gold medal in the400-meter individual medley to become the first woman to win five world titles in the same event[47] and only the second swimmer afterMichael Phelps who achieved the same feat in the 200m fly.[48]
On November the 1st Hosszú claimed her 300th overall gold medal at the FINA Swimming World Cup.[49]
The Hosszú-owned professional swim team,Team Iron was founding member of theInternational Swimming League. She was co-captain of the team alongsidePeter John Stevens. During the2019 International Swimming League season, Hosszú won the 200IM, 400IM and 200 fly events all 3 times the team competed. She also earned MVP title[50] in the ISL Budapest match inDuna Arena.[51]
At the2020 European Championships Hosszú became the female swimmer with the most medals in the history of the European Championships. After winning one gold (400 IM) one silver (200 fly) and one bronze (200 IM) in Budapest, she now has 24 medals dating back to 2008 (15 gold, 6 silver, 3 bronze). Overall, she is ranked only behindAlexander Popov who won 26 medals (21 gold) in his European Champs career.[52]
Hosszú did not perform well in the2020 Summer Olympics, failing to reach the 200m backstroke final and finishing only fifth in the 400m medley and seventh in the 200m one. She would attribute this to the standstill in the one year delay caused by theCOVID-19 pandemic, cancelling the tournaments she entered to keep herself in competition rhythm, while analysts added that Hosszú was not helped by being among the oldest swimmers and constantly changing coaches starting with her 2018 split with Tusup.[53]
In the2022 World Aquatics Championships, Hosszú failed to medal by finishing 7th in the 200m individual medley and 5th in the 400m individual medley. In the2022 European Championships that followed, Hosszú only medaled once, as part of Hungary's 4x200m freestyle relay, while only reaching the 200 individual medley final and finishing 8th. Afterwards she claimed that she would probably not be swimming by the2024 Summer Olympics, instead settling down with coach Máté Gelencsér, who she married a few weeks after the European Championship.[54]
Hosszú gave birth to daughter in August 2023,[55] and a few months later started training hoping to enter her sixth Olympics.[56] but she wound up not reaching the necessary qualifying times.[57] In January 2025, Hosszú announced her retirement.[58]
| Event | Time | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m freestyle | 24.89 (r) | São Paulo | 21 April 2014 | NR |
| 100 m freestyle | 53.64 | Singapore | 5 September 2014 | NR |
| 200 m freestyle | 1:55.41 | Dubai | 6 November 2015 | NR |
| 400 m freestyle | 4:04.96 | Bergen | 29 May 2016 | |
| 50 m backstroke | 27.99 | Dubai | 6 November 2015 | NR |
| 100 m backstroke | 58.45 | Rio de Janeiro | 8 August 2016 | NR |
| 200 m backstroke | 2:05.85 | Budapest | 29 July 2017 | NR |
| 200 m butterfly | 2:04.27 | Rome | 26 July 2009 | ER |
| 200 m IM | 2:06.12 | Kazan | 3 August 2015 | Former WR, ER, NR |
| 400 m IM | 4:26.36 | Rio de Janeiro | 6 August 2016 | Former WR, ER, NR |
| Event | Time | Location | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m freestyle | 24.43 | Saint-Paul | 29 December 2014 | NR |
| 100 m freestyle | 52.37 | Saint-Paul | 30 December 2014 | NR |
| 200 m freestyle | 1:51.18 | Doha | 7 December 2014 | NR |
| 400 m freestyle | 3:58.84 | Netanya | 6 December 2015 | NR |
| 50 m backstroke | 25.95 | Copenhagen | 16 December 2017 | NR |
| 100 m backstroke | 55.03 | Doha | 4 December 2014 | FormerWR, ER, NR |
| 200 m backstroke | 1:59.23 | Doha | 5 December 2014 | Former WR, ER, NR |
| 200 m butterfly | 2:01.12 | Doha | 3 December 2014 | NR |
| 200 m breaststroke | 2:20.63 | Kaposvár | 13 December 2019 | NR |
| 100 m IM | 56.51 | Berlin | 7 August 2017 | Former WR, ER, NR |
| 200 m IM | 2:01.86 | Doha | 6 December 2014 | Former WR, ER, NR |
| 400 m IM | 4:19.46 (h) | Netanya | 2 December 2015 | NR |
| 400 yd IM | 3:56.54 | California | 16 March 2012 | Former WR |
| Meet | 100 free | 200 free | 400 free | 50 back | 100 back | 200 back | 100 fly | 200 fly | 200 medley | 400 medley | 4×100 free | 4×200 free | 4×100 medley |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OG 2004 | 31st | ||||||||||||
| WC 2005 | |||||||||||||
| EC 2006 | 15th | 8th | 9th | DSQ(h) | 8th | ||||||||
| WC 2007 | 25th | 12th | 11th | ||||||||||
| EC 2008 | 49th | 22nd | 6th |  | 6th | ||||||||
| OG 2008 | 17th | 12th | |||||||||||
| WC 2009 |  | |  | 8th | 6th | 14th | |||||||
| EC 2010 | | | | 4th | | ||||||||
| WC 2011 | 19th | 6th | 15th | 5th | |||||||||
| EC 2012 | | | | 4th | | 6th | |||||||
| OG 2012 | 9th | 8th | 4th | 9th | |||||||||
| WC 2013 | 9th | h[a] | 6th | | | | |||||||
| EC 2014 | sf[b] | | 15th | | 16th | h[a] | | | | | |||
| WC 2015 | 5th | h[a] | | 13th | | | |||||||
| EC 2016 | | | | | | ||||||||
| OG 2016 | | | | | 6th | ||||||||
| WC 2017 | 7th | h[a] | | | | | 6th | ||||||
| EC 2018 | 4th | | 8th | ||||||||||
| WC 2019 | 17th | 8th | | | 6th | ||||||||
| EC 2020 | | | | ||||||||||
| OG 2020 | 20th | 7th | 5th | ||||||||||
| WC 2022 | 13th | 7th | 4th | ||||||||||
| EC 2022 | 8th | |
| Awards | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Hungarian Sportswoman of The Year 2009 2013 – 2017 2019 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | European Swimmer of the Year 2013, 2014 2016 2019 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Katie Ledecky Sarah Sjöström | FINA Swimmer of the Year 2014 – 2016 2018 | Succeeded by Sarah Sjöström Sarah Sjöström |
| Records | ||
| Preceded by | Women's 200 metre individual medley world record holder (short course) 7 August 2013 – 10 December 2024 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Women's 100 metre individual medley world record holder (short course) 8 August 2013 – 18 October 2024 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Julia Smit Mireia Belmonte | Women's 400 metre individual medley world record holder (short course) 11 August 2013 – 3 December 2014 2 December 2015 – 12 August 2017 | Succeeded by Mireia Belmonte Mireia Belmonte |
| Preceded by | Women's 100 backstroke world record holder (short course) 4 December 2014 – 27 October 2019 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Women's 200 backstroke world record holder (short course) 5 December 2014 – 28 November 2020 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Women's 200 metre individual medley world record holder (long course) 3 August 2015 – 9 June 2025 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Women's 400 metre individual medley world record holder (long course) 6 August 2016 – 1 April 2023 | Succeeded by |
| Sporting positions | ||
| Preceded by | Female World Cup Overall Winner 2012,2013,2014,2015,2016 | Succeeded by |
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