| Karolinum | |
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Karolinum | |
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 Interactive map of Karolinum | |
| General information | |
| Location | Ovocný trh 541/3,Old Town,Prague,Czech Republic |
| Coordinates | 50°5′10.89″N14°25′24.19″E / 50.0863583°N 14.4233861°E /50.0863583; 14.4233861 |
Karolinum (formerlyLatin:Collegium Carolinum, inCzechKarlova kolej) is a complex of buildings located in theOld Town ofPrague.[1] Karolinum, the seat of theCharles University, is one of the oldestdormitories situated inCentral Europe. The dormitory was named after the EmperorCharles IV.
Shortly after the establishment of Charles University in 1348, the young institution encountered several organizational problems. One of the major complications was the lack of lecture and accommodation rooms for teachers and students. Emperor Charles IV, apparently inspired by the organization of theSorbonne college inParis and by the newly founded universities inKraków (1364) andVienna (1365), decided to donate to the school a new college. In 1366, the university received the house of the Jew Lazar, located in the Prague's Old Town. However, the school was given appropriate rooms only in the early 1380s byWenceslaus, the son of Charles IV. Wenceslaus chose a residence of the wealthy German merchant Johlin (Jan) Rotlev, whose son Martin (a funder of the second oldest German translation ofBible) was closely linked with the court and supported the reformist tendencies of the university. Though it is known that Martin Rotlev inherited the palace, how it passed into the possession of the university remains unknown. The coat of arms of the Rotlev family forms part of the decoration of an oriel window of the college.[2] In addition to the Rotlev Palace, King Wenceslaus also bought the surrounding buildings and rebuilt them for the school.
The architectural shape of Karolinum changed significantly during its history. In the early 18th century, it was rebuilt inBaroque style, according to the plans of the architectFrantišek Maxmilián Kaňka.[3] However, the reconstruction was only provisional and the structural condition of the building in the following decades was very bad. In 1786, during a visit in Karolinum, the EmperorJosef II expressed his dissatisfaction with the state of the"seat of muses".[4] It was even planned to sell the building, but in 1802 it was decided that Karolinum would remain in the hands of the Charles University. The decision was apparently influenced by renewed romantic and patriotic enthusiasm (which regarded the historical building as a significant monument for education in Bohemia). From 1879 to 1881, several parts of the building were rebuilt in theNeo-Gothic style by the architectJosef Mocker.
FollowingWorld War I and the establishment of theCzechoslovak state, the buildings of Karolinum remained a property of the Charles University. Karolinum is aNational Cultural Monument of theCzech Republic.
The official publishing house of Charles University is named Karolinum.
![Prague, Karolinum, gravestone of Matthaeus Collinus [cs], 1566.](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aKarolinum_Kolinus_DSCN3065.JPG)
