Born in Gdańsk, Nawrocki studied history at theUniversity of Gdańsk, earning aPhD in 2013 with a dissertation on anti-communist activities in the formerPolish People's Republic. His academic work centers on themes such asanti-communist resistance,organized crime, and thehistory of sports, a subject tied to his own background as an active youth athlete, particularly infootball andboxing. Nawrocki's early professional career was closely aligned with institutions dedicated to preserving and promoting Poland's historical memory. He joined the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) in 2009 and gained recognition for reorienting Poland's historical institutions toward a patriotic and anti-communist narrative. Nawrocki was chosen as the presidential candidate of the dominatingright-wing populistLaw and Justice (PiS) party on 24 November 2024 as a nonpartisan "citizens' candidate". Despite being relatively unknown on the national level, Nawrocki defeatedTobiasz Bocheński andPrzemysław Czarnek in the competition for the PiS nomination after receiving the support of party moderates such as formerPrime MinisterMateusz Morawiecki.
Aided by low approval ratings of theincumbent coalition, Nawrocki waselected President on 1 June 2025, receiving 50.89% of the vote, defeating the liberalRafał Trzaskowski. He wasinaugurated as President of Poland on 6 August 2025. His election reflects a broader rightward shift in Poland's political landscape, where issues of national identity and political sovereignty dominate public discourse. Since his inauguration, Nawrocki has been following a confrontational course with theruling coalition and its leader,Donald Tusk, whom he considers the "worstPrime Minister of theThird Polish Republic". Nawrocki has been working to centralize power around the presidency, supportingconstitutional reforms into asemi-presidential system. Hischancellery is made up of PiS politicians and his IPN affiliates.
Karol Nawrocki was born on 3 March 1983, inGdańsk. His father, Ryszard (1949–2008), was a turner and a member ofSolidarity. His mother, Elżbieta, was a bookbinder. He has a younger sister named Nina who is a pastry cook and works in a restaurant in Kraków. He completed primary school and the 4th High School in his home city.[2] After passing his final exams (matura) in 2002, he graduated in 2003 from the Post-Secondary School of Business and Administration in Gdańsk with the title of Personnel Management Specialist.[2] In the same year, he began his university studies at Faculty of History at theUniversity of Gdańsk, which he completed in 2008 with a master's degree.[3]
At the same institute, he obtained a PhD in the humanities based on his dissertation titled:Social Resistance to Communist Rule in the Elbląg Voivodeship, 1976–1989.[4][2] In 2023, he completed the International MBA in Strategy, Programme and Project Management postgraduate studies at theGdańsk University of Technology.[5]
In his youth, Nawrocki developed a strong interest in physical fitness, spending time working out at the gym, and participating infootball andboxing.[6]
Nawrocki as the director of the Museum of the Second World War during a meeting withPolish diaspora inNew Zealand, February 2020
He worked at the Institute of National Remembrance in the years 2009–2017, heading its Branch Public Education Office in Gdańsk from 2013 to 2017. He also served as the chairman of theSiedlce District Council in Gdańsk between 2011 and 2017.[4]
In 2017, he was appointed the director of theMuseum of the Second World War in Gdańsk,[7] a job he held until 2021. He then returned to the Institute of National Remembrance, becoming its deputy president in June 2021.[8] In July 2021, he took office as the head of the Institute of National Remembrance after being elected by theSejm and approved by theSenate of Poland.[9] Nawrocki is the author or co-author of several books as well as numerous scientific and popular science papers on anticommunist opposition, organised crime in thePolish People's Republic and the history of sports.[citation needed]
Nawrocki has used thepen name "Tadeusz Batyr" to write a book about a gangster living in 1980scommunist Poland.[10] Nawrocki in 2018 went ontelevision as Tadeusz Batyr, wearing a hat and having the television broadcast blur his face, where he said that Nawrocki "inspired me" and highlighted how Nawrocki "was the first person to examine organised crime in communist Poland".[10] Meanwhile, on social media, Nawrocki wrote that "Tadeusz Batyr contacted me for some guidance" and "thanked me for my help with an interesting book, which I recommend".[10]
Nawrocki at campaign events, left to right and top to bottom:Bielsko-Biała on 2 December 2024,Sanok on 30 March 2025,Nowa Dęba on 29 April,Płock on 7 May,Bydgoszcz on 19 May, CPAC event on 27 May
Because of the centralized nature of the party, the choice for selecting who the party's candidate would be fell primarily to the party chairman,Jarosław Kaczyński, based on social research[15] and the balance of factional power within the party.[16][17]
In an AugustRadio Maryja interview, Kaczyński stated that the selection of possible candidates was narrowing, and described that the PiS candidate must be a "young, tall, imposing, handsome" male "[with] a family".[18][19] A United Surveys poll in September 2024 suggested 29% of PiS voters supported Błaszczak, 21% supported Morawiecki, 11% supported Czarnek, 7% supported Nawrocki, 6% supported Bocheński and 6% supported Tarczyński.[20] The possibility of a primary election for the party was rumored, but ultimately, never announced.[21]
By November 2024, media speculation regarding the candidates narrowed down to, most frequently, Bocheński, Czarnek and Nawrocki.[22] According toNewsweek, Nawrocki was supported internally by party activists such asAdam Bielan,Joachim Brudziński,Sławomir Cenckiewicz,Marta Kaczyńska [pl], and Mateusz Morawiecki (despite initially desiring to himself be the candidate).[23]
Ultimately, at 13.15 on 22 November, Nawrocki was informed that he had been selected as the party's presidential candidate in a meeting with Kaczyński and his opponent, Bocheński.[24]
The selection of Nawrocki without consultation with outgoing presidentAndrzej Duda (the previous PiS candidate) strained relations between him and Nawrocki,[25] although Duda eventually endorsed Nawrocki at his election convention inŁódź on 26 April.[26]
On 22 May 2025, Nawrocki met withSławomir Mentzen, who placed third in the first round of the election. They reportedly discussed possible concessions that could lead to Mentzen endorsing Nawrocki.[34] Mentzen presented a set of eight points[b] for a candidate to sign onto,[35] which were signed by Nawrocki.[36][37][38] Former candidatesMarek Jakubiak,Marek Woch,Grzegorz Braun andArtur Bartoszewicz endorsed Nawrocki for therunoff.[39][40][41][42] On 1 June 2025, Nawrocki won the runoff election with 50.9% of votes, beating Trzaskowski, who received 49.1% of votes.[43][44]
Nawrocki was the subject of various affairs during the2025 presidential election. Speculation began on whether PiS would replace Nawrocki when it was revealed that he had contact with a future criminal during his time as a boxer two decades prior, for which he was attacked by opposing politicians.[45] Polling showed, however, that the vast plurality of people did not expect Nawrocki to be replaced.[46] Nawrocki would continue being PiS' presidential candidate going into the first round and would face further controversies about his private life.
During the course of the campaign, public criticism emerged over Nawrocki's acquisition of a second apartment from an elderly man in pre-trial detention. As Nawrocki had declared to own just one apartment during a debate,Onet publicised information about him owning a second one. The candidate proceeded to declare that he had acquired the second apartment from the elderly man for pledging lifelong care in exchange; however, it was revealed the man was placed in a state care facility without Nawrocki's involvement.[47] Amid accusations of exploitation, Nawrocki defended the deal's legality and donated the property to charity, after which some journalists claimed the man regained access to the property. He also stated he had regularly tried to visit the elderly man, but without success.[48]
Throughout the second round, Nawrocki encountered a set of new controversies involving his personal life, beginning with the revelation that he had previously participated in a 70 vs 70football hooligans' fight (Polish:ustawka) between fans ofLechia Gdańsk andLech Poznań.[49] Facing criticism, he said that Prime Minister Tusk likewise participated in football hooliganism in his youth, and called the fights "noble battles".[50][51] It also came to light that Nawrocki hadChelsea and Lechia Gdańsk tattoos on his torso.[52] Further controversies about Nawrocki's personal background emerged due to allegations of him having worked as a bodyguard for prostitutes at the five-starGrand Hotel inSopot in his youth[53] and using anicotine pouch while on air during a presidential debate,[54] which raised concerns about a possible nicotine addiction.[55][56]
Karol Nawrocki giving a speech at his inauguration on 6 August 2025
Nawrocki was inaugurated as president of Poland on 6 August 2025, succeedingAndrzej Duda. On the same day he participated in the ceremony of accepting the authority of the President of Poland on thePolish Armed Forces.[57]
The start of Nawrocki's presidency has been marked by a confrontational stance againstPrime MinisterDonald Tusk and hisruling coalition,[58] citing his large and recentsocial mandate after the recent presidential election.[59] Nawrocki stated he views Tusk as the worst Prime Minister of theThird Polish Republic, but is willing to work with him regardless.[60] Analysts consider the downfall of Tusk's coalition and earlyparliamentary elections as a goal for Nawrocki,[61] with him also seen as competing with Tusk's government in matters of lawmaking and governance despite the president having a primarily representative role,[62] announcing he is seeking a "new formula of cooperation" between the President andparliament.[63]
Nawrocki held his first meeting with Tusk on 14 August,[64] and on 27 August convened the firstCabinet Council [pl], oriented on finances, investments and agriculture.[65]
Karol Nawrocki was elected primarily with support of theright-wing populistLaw and Justice (PiS) party and, despite being officially independent, was considered the PiS candidate in the2025 presidential election.[66] However, Nawrocki's affiliation as a "PiS president" is debated, with some suggesting he could be a more independent president, or could cooperate with the far-rightConfederation aswell, despite itslibertarian economic policies conflicting with PiS.[67] Alongside seeking to empower his role in governance of the country[62] and reform Poland into asemi-presidential republic,[68] Nawrocki is perceived as aspiring to lead the "right wing" of politics, possibly threatening the position of established political leaders such asJarosław Kaczyński.[69]
At his inaugural speech, Nawrocki announced intention to create a newConstitution by 2030,[70] announcing the creation of a Council for the Reform of the System of the State[71] (Polish:Rada ds. Naprawy Ustroju Państwa).[72] Soon after, Paweł Szefernaker, Nawrocki's appointed cabinet chief, elaborated that Nawrocki aims to empower the presidency.[73] According toRMF FM, the Council is to be formed between September and October, chaired by presidential advisorDariusz Dudek, and seek to reform, among others, the form of government from the currentparliamentary-cabinet [pl] to asemi-presidential system.[68]
Nawrocki signing the 0% PIT for families bill on 8 August 2025
Part of Nawrocki's conflict strategy against the Tusk cabinet is to use hisprivilege as president to introduce laws to parliament and to reshape coalition legislation by vetoing laws and re-submitting them with the disputed provisions removed.[62] In the first weeks of Nawrocki's presidency, Nawrocki introduced legislature that would restore the old project of theCentral Communication Port,[74] abolish PIT for families with more than one child, increase theincome tax threshold to an annual income of 140,000 PLN,[75] extend the prohibition of sale of Polish land to foreigners.[76] On 21 August, Nawrocki for the first time used the presidentialveto against anomnibus bill regardingwind turbine deregulation and the extension of energyprice freeze period, criticizing the deregulation as pushed by a wind turbinelobby and unsafe, stating he would propose his own price freeze bill.[77]
During his presidency, Nawrocki has been opposed tofascist Ukrainian symbolism and activities. Nawrocki pursued the criminalisation ofBanderite ideology in Poland, including the equalisation of Banderite symbols withNazi andcommunist symbolism.[78]
On 31 August 2025, the 45th anniversary of theAugust Agreements which created theSolidarity trade union, Nawrocki criticized former union leader and presidentLech Wałęsa, stating that while Wałęsa cannot be forgotten, he must be correctly and truthfully remembered.[79]
Nawrocki advocates for pursuingWorld War II reparations fromGermany, which Poland never received. On a WW2 anniversary on 1 September 2025, Nawrocki "unequivocally" demanded Germany pays Poland war reparations worth over 6 trillionPLN (1.4 trillionEuros),[80] continuing the course set by theLaw and Justice party.[81] During a visit to Germany in September 2025, Nawrocki attempted to discuss the topic of war reparations, but was rejected, with Germany stating that the matter of war reparations is "definitively regulated".[82] An alternative solution to paying war reparations proposed by Nawrocki was for Poland to receive financial aid for its military industry.[83]
As president, Nawrocki opposes theEU–Mercosur Association Agreement, promising to uphold the slogan "Polish farmer, Polish field, Polish bread on the Polish table" (Polish:Polski rolnik, polskie pole, polski chleb na polskim stole).[97][98]
In August 2025, Nawrocki vetoed a bill that would have extended financial support for Ukrainian refugees of theRusso-Ukrainian war not employed in Poland as well as funding forStarlink systems to maintain Ukraine's internet connectivity.[99]
Nawrocki's appointees came from two groups: Dębowski, Cenckiewicz, Jędrzak, Kotecki and Leśkiewicz were Nawrocki's coworkers at theInstitute of National Remembrance.[103] Other appointments came from the Law and Justice party — KPRP official Kolarski, former viceminister Rabenda,posełs Andruszkiewicz, Bogucki, Przydacz and Szefernaker, who left their parliamentary positions for the KPRP,[103] withBogumiła Olbryś,Michał Jach,Tomasz Rzymkowski andMarek Subocz respectively replacing them in theSejm.[108]
Nawrocki greeting US PresidentDonald Trump, 1 May 2025
Nawrocki is considered a nonpartisan, but with a conservative outlook.[110] Nawrocki describes himself as a "representative of the broadly defined patriotic camp", and stresses that he has never belonged to a political party.[111] He considers himself a "citizens' candidate" that will end the "Polish-Polish war".[112] He declared that he is ready to support "any Polish government that demands the exhumation ofPolish victims in Volhynia", and describes issues of history and social accountability as his "demarcation lines".[113]Euronews describes the political alignment of Nawrocki's campaign as "patriotic, pro-Christian, pro-NATO and favourable to presidentDonald Trump".[30]Financial Times described Nawrocki as "anti-liberal, anti-German, anti-EU".[114]
He stresses his commitment to promote Polish patriotism, Christian values and national sovereignty, and has declared the need to defend traditional social values.[119] He has stated his strong opposition to removal of crosses from state buildings.[120] He holdsanti-communist views, and has criticised the Polish education system, claiming that Polish education is controlled by the "post-communist party environment". In February 2024, he was listed as one of the persons wanted by theRussian Federation on criminal charges for theremoval of monuments commemorating theRed Army erected in the formerPolish People's Republic in the years 1944–1989.[121] He has describedcursed soldiers as national heroes of Poland and praised Law and Justice for implementing a National Remembrance Day in their honour.[119]
Nawrocki calls for "a welfare state with zero VAT on food".[128] He promised to increase social spending, welfare benefits and pensions;[129] he also supports welfare programmes and opposes adopting theEuro as Poland's currency.[130] He stresses the lack of transport in Poland and has pledged to develop rail infrastructure in underdeveloped regions of the country.[131] Nawrocki proposes to enact an additional tax on the owners of three and more apartments, with an exemption for families with children.[132] His other proposals include abolishing tax on savings and increasing the annual indexation of pensions.[133] He also expressedwelfare chauvinist views - believing that Poles are "treated worse in their own country than immigrants", Nawrocki argues that social benefits in Poland should be for Poles only, and pensions for Ukrainian immigrants should be eliminated; additionally, Polish citizens should have a priority in healthcare, school and kindergarten queues.[134][135]
He objected to theTusk government's cut in healthcare contributions for businesses and stated that he would oppose any attempt to reducehealthcare funding.[136] Nawrocki also signed a list of 11 pledges, including promises to not raise the retirement age, to uphold worker protections, to defend minimum wages, to retain the ban on Sunday business activity, to promoteeconomic patriotism, and to increase funding for the public health service andagriculture. Based on these pledges, he was endorsed by Poland'sSolidarity trade union.[137] Nawrocki supports additional taxes on "digital giants operating online and targeting Polish users" and the expansion ofsocial housing.[138]
He argues that Poland needs to achieve "full energy sovereignty". He supportsnuclear energy, describing it as "the most secure and stable one". He also criticised theEuropean Green Deal, stating that while he supports environmental protection, he opposes "climate madness at the expense of Polish homes, workers and entrepreneurs". Nawrocki also believes that Poland needs to ensure its food security and respect "the sovereignty of the Polish countryside"; he has described rural Poland as "the mainstay of Polish culture, traditions and social values".[126] He wishes to implement new policies that will combat "unfair competition" in the Polish economy.[139]
Nawrocki advocated for reducing thevalue-added tax rate from 23% to 22% during his presidential campaign, as well as an exemption frompersonal income tax for families with two or more children. He also pledged to veto blanket tax increases.[133][140] He argued thatcryptocurrency offers a prospect for innovation, and expressed his opposition to further regulations on investment.[141]
Karol Nawrocki has emphasised in his statements that the geopolitical interest of the Polish state lies in pushing back theRussian Federation.[2] He has stated that "Russia is imperialist in its foundation whether it iswhite terror,red terror or modern terror".[142] According to him, the foundation of Poland's security is a strong position withinNATO and a close alliance with theUnited States.[2] He also supports regional alliances such as theBucharest Nine and favours expanding this format to includeSweden andFinland.[2] Nawrocki is an advocate of increasing defense spending and expanding the army to 300,000 troops. However, he opposes conscription or mandatory military training for young men.[2]
He supports ending theRusso-Ukrainian War by apeace agreement but argues that the issue of territorial cessions should be decided by the European community as well as Ukraine itself.[142] Nawrocki opposed the deployment of Polish troops to Ukraine. He supported the normalisation of relations with Ukraine on a basis of partnership, as well as the recognition and dignified burial of Polish victims inVolhynia.[2] Nawrocki is opposed to Ukrainian membership inNATO or theEuropean Union until Ukraine accepts responsibility for the genocide of Poles in Volhynia. He has previously denounced attempts to downplay the 1943–1945massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia for the sake of improvingPolish-Ukrainian relations.[143] He would seek to punish the glorification of Ukrainian nationalist leaderStepan Bandera.[144] Nawrocki distanced himself from the former pro-Ukrainian policy of PiS and criticized Ukraine for acting against Polish interests.[145] He was accused of anti-Ukrainian sentiment,[146] and "echoing Kremlin talking points about Ukraine".[147] Responding to the accusations of speaking "Putin's language" on Ukraine, Nawrocki stated: "I speak the language of Polish people. Millions want to say that Zelensky mistreats us, but they're silenced with 'you're spreading Putin's propaganda'."[148]
He was criticised inIsrael for downplaying the role of Poles in theHolocaust.[149] Nawrocki said he would defend Poland "against all disgusting attacks" by Holocaust scholars.[150] Poland's foreign minister,Radosław Sikorski, publicly defended Nawrocki in response to the criticism.[151] During the election campaign, Nawrocki defended the2018 amendment that criminalized attributing responsibility for the Holocaust to the Polish nation, stating: "I am fighting for this truth. Poles are not antisemites. Many Poles lost their lives during World War II saving Jews." When asked about Israel, Nawrocki expressed his belief that "there is no state that is a chosen nation to live out its history".[152] He also promised to end the tradition of lightingHanukkah candles in the presidential palace,[153] stating that commitment to Christian values would exclude celebrating Jewish holidays.[118]
Karol Nawrocki is married toMarta Nawrocka (born in 1986), a graduate of the Faculty of Law and Administration at theUniversity of Gdańsk and an employee of the National Revenue Administration.[154] She specialises in the control of the oil industry and combating illegal trade. Together, they have two children: a son Antoni and a daughter, Katarzyna. They also raised Daniel (born in 2003), Marta Nawrocka's son from a previous relationship.[154] The couple married in 2010, and Karol Nawrocki adopted Daniel.[154] The pair signed their son, Antoni, out of "health education" classes introduced by theMinistry of National Education underBarbara Nowacka.[155]
Daniel Nawrocki studies at the Faculty of Law and Administration at the University of Gdańsk. He is involved in journalism, working for Gazeta Morska and previously for Dziennik Bałtycki. In 2023, he was appointed a member of the Youth Sports Council under the Minister of Sport. He was also a member of the Youth Council of the City of Gdańsk and now serves as a neighborhood councilor. In 2024, he ran unsuccessfully for a seat on theGdańsk City Council as a candidate of the Law and Justice party.[156]
During the first months of Nawrocki's presidency, he maintained a positive approval rating, being one of Poland's most approved politicians. His popularity was highest among Polish youth, with a United Surveys poll showing 73% approval among respondents aged 18–29, and lowest among those over 70, where approval stood at 42%.[157]
During his 2025 presidential campaign, Nawrocki portrayed himself as a nonpartisan "citizens' candidate" (Polish:kandydat obywatelski),[164] and as an authentic "flesh and bone man" (Polish:człowiek z krwi i kości).[165] Nawrocki's image as president has been compared toPresident of the United StatesDonald Trump.[166] Nawrocki was applauded for actively representing Poland ininternational visits and was described as an "active" president close to the people, or a "people's president".[167] Besides exercising in public, Nawrocki also appeared in public with various members of the public, including eating akebab with youth from a remote village as part of a casual campaign promise,[168] and speaking with Polish citizens who called out for him during a visit to the United States.[169]
^"Jacek Nizinkiewicz: Jest jeden kandydat PiS, który miałby szansę zostać prezydentem RP". 9 September 2024. Archived fromthe original on 9 September 2024. Retrieved22 June 2025.Witold Bańka to idealny kandydat PiS na prezydenta. Były minister sportu i turystyki i obecny szef Światowej Agencji Antydopingowej spełnia wymagania prezesa, jest akceptowany na prawicy, nie ma na niego haków i nie budzi negatywnych emocji wśród przeciwników PiS. Kompetentny, doświadczony i dobrze prezentujący się Bańka mógłby być trudnym przeciwnikiem dla Trzaskowskiego. Nawet będąc ministrem w rządzie Beaty Szydło, a później Mateusza Morawieckiego, nie był źle oceniany przez konkurentów i nie było wokół niego kontrowersji. Problem w tym, że odmówił Kaczyńskiemu. Musiałby zrezygnować z dobrze płatnej międzynarodowej pracy i kariery, a w zamian dać się zaprzęgnąć w kampanię PiS.
^Długosz, Dominika (20 November 2024)."PiS gruntownie przebadało kandydatów. Wynik? Partia ma zasadniczy problem". Archived fromthe original on 20 November 2024. Retrieved22 June 2025.Przeciwko nominacji dla Czarnka, która była już niemal pewna ponad miesiąc temu zaprotestował Mateusz Morawiecki i jego harcerze. Od tego czasu nie przestają kombinować jak pozycję Czarnka podkopać. – Chłopcy się trochę obawiają, że silny Czarnek wzmocni naszych radykałów, że zbudują się sojusze z ziobrystami i że oni – zamiast budować konserwatywne centrum, obudzą się na obrzeżach radykalnej partii. Dla nich to chyba byłby największy koszmar – trochę kpią politycy PiS, których pytamy o stan frakcyjnej wojny w partii.
Przybył, Sebastian (18 November 2024)."Kiedy poznamy kandydata PiS na prezydenta? Tobiasz Bocheński wskazał dzień". Retrieved22 June 2025.Bogdan Rymanowski zwrócił się także do europarlamentarzysty czy prawdą jest, że w grze o nominacje pozostały już tylko dwie osoby - właśnie Tobiasz Bocheński, a także Karol Nawrocki.
Jordan, Arkadiusz (19 November 2024)."Kandydat PiS na wybory prezydenckie 2025". Retrieved22 June 2025.Finaliści do inwestytury – kandydaci PiS w wyborach prezydenckich to dziś: Karol NAWROCKI, Mateusz MORAWIECKI i Przemysław CZARNEK.
"Kandydat PiS na prezydenta. Błaszczak przekazał nowe informacje". 20 November 2024. Retrieved22 June 2025.Poseł PiS, Ryszard Terlecki, w rozmowie z Polsat News ujawnił, że "w tej chwili rozstrzyga się wybór między dwoma nazwiskami". - Chodzi o Przemysława Czarnka i Karola Nawrockiego - dodał, nie wykluczając przy tym możliwości niespodzianek w tym procesie.
Cygan, Damian (22 November 2024)."Nagły zwrot akcji w PiS. Kaczyński: Kandydatów jest czterech". Retrieved22 June 2025.Wcześniej Telewizja Republika, a następnie Polsat News podały, że kandydatem na prezydenta z ramienia Prawa i Sprawiedliwości będzie szef Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej Karol Nawrocki, który w wyścigu o nominację miał pokonać m.in. Przemysława Czarnka i Tobiasza Bocheńskiego.
^Wyszczelska, Adrianna (13 June 2025)."Nawrocki zapytany o pozwy. Zdradził, co zrobi jako prezydent".Fakt. Retrieved28 September 2025.Karol Nawrocki uważa, że Donald Tusk to najgorszy premier III RP. Mimo to nie wyklucza współpracy z szefem obecnego rządu. — Oczekuje się od prezydenta i premiera, żeby te emocje względem siebie wygaszali przy sprawach, które są najważniejsze dla Polaków — mówił w wywiadzie dla Wirtualnej Polski.
^Address by the President of the Republic of Poland Karol Nawrocki, 6 August 2025, retrieved21 August 2025,In order to resolve the problem of the political system of the state, I will establish a Council for the Reform of the System of the State at the Presidential Palace.
Turp-Balazs, Craig (13 June 2025)."In defence of globalisation".Reinvantage.Nawrocki's victory represents a broader shift in developed economies towards economic nationalism.
Kukawski, Michal (16 April 2025)."Chaos, Theater, and the Race for Poland's Presidency".Veridica.Karol Nawrocki, parroting PiS orthodoxy, lionizes Donald Trump and echoes his economic nationalism, even when it runs counter to Poland's economic self-interest.
Beaumont, Adrian (4 June 2025)."South Korea and Poland elections wrap".Poll Bludger.Archived from the original on 5 June 2025.At Sunday's Polish presidential runoff election, Karol Nawrocki, the candidate of the economically left but socially conservative Law and Justice (PiS) defeated Rafał Trzaskowski.
^"The Polish presidential election, explained".Pimlico Journal. 15 May 2025.Nawrocki, by contrast to his PO rival Trzaskowski, has promised to increase benefits, social spending, and pensions.
^"The Polish presidential election, explained".Pimlico Journal. 15 May 2025.This is because Nawrocki, while not going as far as Mentzen, has sought to distance himself from PiS's pro-Ukraine policies in the past, and has recently accused Zelensky of not acting in Poland's best interests.
^"Nawrocki wins election in Poland — and that's bad news for Ukraine".RBC-Ukraine. 2 June 2025.Archived from the original on 2 June 2025.Meanwhile, in Poland's presidential election, the right-wing conservative head of the Institute of National Remembrance, Karol Nawrocki, claimed victory. Due to his background as a historian, he is known for his sharp anti-Ukrainian statements, particularly on the events of the Volhynia massacre.
^Kukawski, Michal (16 April 2025)."Chaos, Theater, and the Race for Poland's Presidency".Veridica.A series of damning audits by the Supreme Audit Office accuse Nawrocki of turning the IPN into a political clubhouse and mismanaging over PLN 15 million (3,7 million EUR) in public funds. He has echoed Kremlin talking points about Ukraine and criticized European defense efforts as naïve. In a saner campaign, these would be disqualifying.
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