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| Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre | |
|---|---|
 Jews marched through Kamenets to their execution site on the outskirts of town | |
| Location | Kamianets-Podilskyi |
| Date | August 27–28, 1941 |
| Perpetrators | Friedrich Jeckeln Einsatzgruppen Police Battalion 320 Royal Hungarian Army Ukrainian Auxiliary Police |
| Victims | 23,600 Hungarian and UkrainianJews |
TheKamianets-Podilskyi massacre was a World War II mass shooting of Jews carried out in the opening stages ofOperation Barbarossa, by the GermanPolice Battalion 320 along withFriedrich Jeckeln'sEinsatzgruppen,[1] Hungarian soldiers[citation needed], and theUkrainian Auxiliary Police. The killings were conducted on August 27 and August 28, 1941, in the Soviet city ofKamianets-Podilskyi (now Ukraine), occupied by German troops in the previous month on July 11, 1941.[2] According to the Nazi German reports a total of 23,600 Jews were murdered, including 16,000 who had earlier been expelled from Hungary.[3]
The city of Kamianets-Podilskyi (Kam'yanets'-Podil's'kyy), now in south-westernUkraine, was part of theUkrainian SSR invaded by German forces on June 22, 1941, during the opening stages of Operation Barbarossa launched fromoccupied Poland. Shortly afterHungary (Germany's ally) engaged in war on the Soviet Union on June 27, 1941, officials of the agency responsible for the foreign nationals living in Hungary decided to deport foreign Jews; these were mostlyPolish andRussian Jews, but there were also many refugees from western Europe. Jews who could not readily establish Hungarian citizenship were equally vulnerable to deportation. As a result, manyHungarian Jews who could not document their citizenship were also deported. Many Jewish communities, especially inGovernorate of Subcarpathia (then as part of Hungary), were deported in their entirety.
The Hungarians loaded the Jews into freight cars and took them to Kőrösmező (nowYasinia, Ukraine), near the prewar Czechoslovak-Polish border, where they were transferred across the former Soviet border and handed over to the Germans. By August 10, 1941, approximately 14,000 Jews had been deported from Hungary to German-controlled territory. Once in German hands, the Jews, often still in family units, were forced to march fromKolomyia toKamianets-Podilskyi.
On August 27 and 28, a detachment ofEinsatzgruppen (mobile killing units) in Kamianets-Podilskyi and troops under the command of theHigher SS and Police Leader for the southern region, SS GeneralFriedrich Jeckeln, carried out mass murder of the entire Jewish community including both deportees and locals. According to Jeckeln's report, a total of 23,600 Jews were massacred in this action. It was one of the first large-scale mass murder operations in pursuit of theFinal Solution inReichskommissariat Ukraine.[4] Within the Soviet Union grounds, it was preceded by a similar killing spree which began on July 9, 1941, and continued until September 19, in the city ofZhytomyr (madeJudenfrei) with three mass-murder operations conducted by German and Ukrainian police in which 10,000 Jews perished. It was followed by the killing of 28,000 Jews shot by SS and the Ukrainian paramilitary inVinnytsia on September 22, 1941, and the September 29 massacre of 33,771 Jews atBabi Yar.[5][6]
Media related toKamianets-Podilskyi massacre at Wikimedia Commons{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires|journal= (help)Also in:Martin Davis (2010)."The Nazi Invasion of Kamenets". JewishGen.{{cite book}}:|journal= ignored (help)48°41′00″N26°35′00″E / 48.68333°N 26.58333°E /48.68333; 26.58333
