Kabul
| |
|---|---|
Local council (from 1974) | |
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • ISO 259 | Kabbul |
| • Also spelled | al-Kabul (official) |
 Cyrus the Great square | |
  Kabul  Kabul | |
| Coordinates:32°52′11″N35°12′8″E / 32.86972°N 35.20222°E /32.86972; 35.20222 | |
| Grid position | 170/252PAL |
| Country |  Israel |
| District | Northern |
| Founded | 1200 BCE(BiblicalCabul) |
| Government | |
| • Head of Municipality | Nader Taha |
| Area | |
• Total | 7,149dunams (7.149 km2; 2.760 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[1] | |
• Total | 12,338 |
| • Density | 1,726/km2 (4,470/sq mi) |
| Name meaning | (1) from Kabul, a personal name;[2] (2) (Phoenician) = "what does not please"[3] |
Kabul (Arabic:كابول;Hebrew:כָּבּוּל) is anArab town in theNorthern District ofIsrael, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) southeast ofAcre and north ofShefa-'Amr. In 2023 it had a population of 12,338.[1]
Kabul is probably the BiblicalCabul mentioned in theBook of Joshua.[4]
Fragments of pottery from thePersian period have been found in Kabul,[5] as well as excavated burial chambers, used from the 1st to the 4th centuries.[6]
During the Second Temple a family of kohanim lived in the village. The head priest was Shecania.
In Roman times,Josephus called it "Chabolo" and camped there. He says it was a post from which incursions were made into theGalilee.[7]
Potsherds dating from the end of the Hellenistic–Early Roman period, Roman, and Byzantine periods have been found in the village.[8][9][10] and bathhouse dating from theByzantine era, and used well into theUmayyad era, have been excavated.[11]
Al-Muqaddasi visited Kabul in 985 CE, while it was underAbbasid rule. He writes that it was a town in the coastal district with fields ofsugarcane: "They make the bestsugar—better than in all the rest ofBilad ash-Sham."[12][13]Ali of Herat reports in 1173 that two sons ofJacob are buried in the town, namelyReuben andSimeon.[12] Kabul was one of the principal cities ofJund al-Urrdun.[14]
ItsCrusader name was "Cabor".[15]
Remains of a building dating to theMamluk period was excavated in 1999.[8]
In 1517, Kabul was incorporated into theOttoman Empire. In 1596, the village appeared in Ottomantax registers as being in theNahiya ofAcre, part ofSafad Sanjak, with a population of 40Muslim households, 9Muslim bachelors, 14 Jewish households and 1 Jewish bachelor. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on wheat, barley, fruit trees, cotton, and bees, in addition to "occasional revenues"; a total of 7,926akçe.[16][17]
In 1859, the population was estimated to be 400 people, with 30feddans as tillage.[18]
The French explorerVictor Guérin visited in 1875. He found many rock-cutcisterns, scattered cut stones, some of which were used in building, vestiges of a surrounding wall, and remains ofsarcophagi adorned with discs and garlands."[19]
In 1881, thePalestine Exploration Fund'sSurvey of Western Palestine described Kabul as a moderate sized village with olive groves to the north and south.[18]
A population list from about 1887 showed that Kabul had about 415 inhabitants; all Muslims.[20]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities, the population is cited as 365 Muslims,[21] increasing at the time of the1931 census to 457, still all Muslims, in 100 houses.[22]
In the1945 statistics the population was up to 560 Muslims,[23] while the total land area was 10,399dunams, according to an official land and population survey.[24] Of this, 1,065 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 5,539 for cereals,[25] while 56 dunams were classified as built-up areas.[26]
The village was captured by the Haganah on 15 July 1948 duringOperation Dekel, particularly theSheva Brigade. The village was not attacked and very few villagers left. However, some Kabul residents were among those from other villages who were expelled to'Ara on 8 January 1949.[27]
Currently, there are fivemosques in the town.[28] In 1974, it received the status oflocal council by the government.[29]
In 1859 the population was estimated as being 400.[18] In a 1922 census by theBritish Mandate of Palestine, Kabul had 365 inhabitants, rising to 457 in 1931. According to theIsrael Central Bureau of Statistics, the town of Kabul had a population of 7,134 in 1995, rising to 9,400 in 2005. Its inhabitants are mostly Muslims. Kabul's prominent families are Rayan, Hamoud, Taha, Morad, Hamdony, Ibrahim, Hebi, Uthman, Ashkar, Sharari, Akari, Badran and Bouqai. The town hosts a large number ofInternally displaced Palestinians from the nearby destroyed villages ofal-Birwa,al-Damun,Mi'ar andal-Ruways.[30] All of the inhabitants areArab citizens of Israel, mostly adherents ofIslam.[29]
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