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| Broadcast area | Delaware Valley (SoutheastPennsylvania,South Jersey, NorthernDelaware) |
| Frequency | 1060kHz |
| Branding | KYW Newsradio |
| Programming | |
| Language | English |
| Format | All-news radio |
| Affiliations | |
| Ownership | |
| Owner |
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| History | |
First air date | November 11, 1921 (104 years ago) (1921-11-11) (inChicago, moved toPhiladelphia in 1934) |
Former call signs |
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Call sign meaning | Randomly assigned by the Department of Commerce[1] |
| Technical information[2] | |
Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 25441 |
| Class | A |
| Power |
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Transmitter coordinates | 40°06′12.4″N75°14′54.64″W / 40.103444°N 75.2485111°W /40.103444; -75.2485111 (KYW) |
| Repeaters |
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| Links | |
Public license information | |
| Webcast |
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| Website | www |
KYW (1060kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to servePhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. It is one of the oldest continuously operating radio stations in the United States, originating in Chicago before moving to Philadelphia in 1934. KYW's unusual history includes itscall sign of only three letters, beginning with a K, rare for a station in the Eastern United States. It broadcasts anall-news radio format and is branded as "KYW Newsradio". KYW serves as the flagship station ofAudacy, Inc. KYW's studios are co-located within Audacy's corporate headquarters inCenter City Philadelphia and itstransmitter and two-towerdirectional antenna array are located inLafayette Hill, Pennsylvania.
KYW is a 50,000–wattclass Aclear channel station. It is one of two clear-channel stations in Philadelphia, the other being sister stationWPHT. With a good radio receiver, its nighttime signal can be heard in much of the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada, however, it restricts its signal towards the Southwest United States to protectXECPAE-AM in Mexico City, which shares Class A status onAM 1060. The station's signal is restricted towards the Northeast United States to protect the signal ofWEPN in New York City, which is one frequency away at1050 AM. KYW Newsradio's programming is also available via asimulcast onsister station 103.9WPHI-FM and the HD2 subchannel of sister station 94.1WIP-FM.[3]
In November 1920, theWestinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company established its first broadcasting station,KDKA, located at its plant inEast Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to promote the sales of its radio receivers. This initial station proved successful, so in 1921 the company developed plans to set up additional stations in major population centers, including WJZ inNewark, New Jersey (nowWABC in New York City), andWBZ, originally inSpringfield, Massachusetts, and now inBoston. It also wanted to start a station in Chicago.
The Westinghouse station was first licensed on November 15, 1921, as Chicago's first broadcasting outlet, with the randomly assigned call letters of KYW.[5] At first, it was jointly operated by Westinghouse andCommonwealth Edison, with Westinghouse later taking over as sole operator. Through the financial support ofSamuel Insull, and the cooperation ofMary Garden, director general of theChicago Opera Company, KYW's initial broadcasts consisted of the opera company's entire six-day-a-week winter season schedule. Ten microphones were installed across theChicago Civic Auditorium stage, with equipment for switching between them as needed. After the close of the opera season, KYW installed a studio in the Commonwealth Edison building, and began producing additional programming.[6] By fall of 1922 the station was operating for twelve hours a day.[7]
In 1927, Westinghouse affiliated its four radio stations (KYW, KDKA in Pittsburgh, WBZ in Springfield and WBZA in Boston) with theNational Broadcasting Company's (NBC)Blue Network, originating from WJZ in New York City, which had been transferred from Westinghouse to theRadio Corporation of America (RCA) in 1923. Westinghouse had been a founding partner of RCA, NBC's original parent company.
In 1923, Westinghouse established a station,KFKX inHastings, Nebraska, located near the center of the country. The station was designed to serve a dual purpose, of providing an agricultural service, and for testing the practicality of using shortwave transmitters to link together radio networks, with KFKX receiving much of its programming by shortwave from KDKA in Pittsburgh. In 1927 the project was abandoned, although it was announced that the KFKX programming was being consolidated with KYW. Westinghouse now controlled two stations in addition to KYW in the Chicago area: KFKX and WEBH. On September 1, 1928, theFederal Radio Commission (FRC) ordered that their operations should be consolidated.[8] WEBH was deleted,[9] and the other two stations were merged, with a dual call letter assignment of KYW-KFKX, although the latter call sign would be rarely if ever used after 1930.
In 1929, KYW's transmitter was moved from the top of Chicago'sCongress Hotel to west suburbanBloomingdale Township.[10]
On May 15, 1933, after the FRC requested that stations using only one of their assigned call letters drop those that were no longer in regular use, KFKX was eliminated and the station reverted to just KYW.[11]
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Under the provisions of the FRC'sGeneral Order 40, a sweeping reallocation of station frequency assignments was implemented on November 11, 1928. KYW was assigned to theclear channel frequency of 1020 kHz, but the assignment caused two major problems. KYW's signal on the new frequency experienced difficulties in covering the entire city of Chicago. Arelay transmitter, KYWA, was set up in late 1928, although it was no longer needed by the spring of 1930. A second issue was that, under the provisions of the "Davis Amendment", eight clear channel frequencies were to be allocated to each of five national regions. Chicago was located in Region 4, while the reallocation provisions had reserved 1020 kHz for use in Region 2, a grouping of mid-Atlantic states.
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Westinghouse fought a long legal battle, attempting to keep KYW operating as a clear channel station on 1020 in Chicago. Finally it proposed moving the station to a Region 2 location, settling on Philadelphia.[13] However, numerous other stations made alternative proposals to be assigned this allocation, and the matter was placed in the hands of an FRC examiner, who held hearings in July 1932 to sort through 23 conflicting applications from 16 stations. Examiner Pratt's recommendation concluded that KYW's willingness to move to Philadelphia was the best possible outcome.[14]
After broadcasting its last program in Chicago on December 2, 1934, KYW aired its debut Philadelphia program the next day.[15] Westinghouse used the studios and sales operations of WCAU. The move made KYW the easternmost U.S. radio station with acall sign beginning with "K".[16] When KYW moved to Philadelphia, it changed from NBC Blue toNBC Red, predecessor of modern-day NBC,[17] an affiliation it maintained during the remainder of the 1930s and throughout the 1940s;[18] KYW was thus unaffected when, in 1942, theFederal Communications Commission (FCC) compelled RCA to divest itself of one of its two radio networks, resulting in the divestiture of the NBC Blue network (which later became theAmerican Broadcasting Company). In mid-May 1938, KYW moved to new studios at 1619Walnut Street in Center City.[19]
On March 29, 1941, KYW's clear channel assignment was shifted from 1020 to 1060 kHz, its current frequency, as part of a nationwide adjustment of assignments engineered by theNorth American Regional Broadcasting Agreement (NARBA). In 1942, KYW added an FM station at 45.7 MHz, W57PH.[20] It largely simulcast KYW's programming and later moved to 92.5 MHz as KYW-FM when the FM dial was shifted. Development of FM radio was slow and Westinghouse decided to shut down KYW-FM in mid-1954; the equipment was donated to the Delaware Valley Educational Television Corporation and the Philadelphia Board of Education.[21]
KYW acquired a television counterpart in late February 1953, when Westinghouse bought WPTZ (channel 3), the nation's third commercial television station and NBC's second television affiliate, fromPhilco.[22]
In June 1955 Westinghouse agreed to trade KYW and WPTZ to NBC in exchange for NBC'sCleveland properties,WTAM-AM-FM andWNBK television; Westinghouse also received $3 million in cash compensation.[23] The main impetus for the trade was NBC's desire to acquire anowned-and-operated television station in the fourth-largest American television market. NBC had to receive a waiver for the swap because KYW and NBC Radio's New York Cityflagship, WRCA (nowWFAN) were both clear channel stations. At the time, the FCC normally did not allow common ownership of clear channel stations with overlapping nighttime coverage. After clearing the final regulatory hurdles, the swap went into effect on January 22, 1956.[24]
On February 13, NBC changed KYW's call letters in Philadelphia to WRCV (for theRCA-Victor record label).[25] At the same time, Westinghouse changed the call letters of its new Cleveland station from WTAM to KYW.[26] The Westinghouse-NBC station swap, and its subsequent reversal nine years later, resulted in two alternate ways to recount KYW's history. In the records of the FCC, the station in Philadelphia on 1060 kHz merely underwent two call letter and ownership changes, taking place in 1956 and 1965. However most KYW histories follow the path of the call letters, and refer to KYW moving from Philadelphia to Cleveland in 1956, then returning to Philadelphia nine years later.[27]
Based on its responsibilities as an NBC-owned outlet, WRCV carried all of NBC's network programming, such as the weekendMonitor magazine-style program. Philadelphia radio personalityHy Lit briefly worked at WRCV during the first year of NBC ownership, hosting a localrock-and-roll program and anadult standards show for the NBC network. WRCV adopted abig band format featuringswing music popular during the pre-rock era.
Almost immediately after the NBC-Westinghouse trade was finalized, Westinghouse complained to the FCC and theUnited States Department of Justice that it had been coerced into making the station swap, including a threat by NBC to revoke Westinghouse's NBC-TV affiliations. A lengthy investigation was launched.[28][29] In September 1959 the Justice Department issued a decision which, in part, instructed NBC to divest WRCV-AM-TV by the end of 1962.[30] Several months later in early 1960, NBC announced it would trade its Philadelphia stations toRKO General in exchange for that company's Boston outlets,WNAC-AM-FM-TV.[31] That proposed station swap was held up for nearly four years until the FCC issued a final decision in August 1964. The Commission renewed NBC's licenses for WRCV radio and television, on the condition that the 1956 station swap with Westinghouse be reversed.[32] RKO General initially contested the FCC's decision, but soon gave up its efforts and bowed out of the competition.[33] Following nearly a year of appeals by NBC, Westinghouse regained control of WRCV-AM-TV on June 19, 1965, and subsequently restored the KYW call letters to the radio station. The television station becameKYW-TV at this point.[34]
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On September 21, 1965, shortly after Westinghouse regained control of 1060 AM, the newly revived KYW dropped its NBC radio affiliation. It became one of the first radio stations in the country to switch to anall-news radio format.[35] Newscaster Steve Porter read the first newscast, which had been edited byFred B. Walters, the formerHarrisburg bureau chief and eventual executive editor. The new format was part of Westinghouse's decision to put all-news formats on its large market AM stations. Five months earlier the company had convertedWINS in New York City from aTop 40 format to all-news.[36] A third conversion was made three years later at another Westinghouse-owned station,KFWB in Los Angeles.[37] The Westinghouse trio of all-news stations made numerous contributions to developing the all-news format.
In 1972, KYW moved to new studios inIndependence Mall East, at Fifth and Market streets, where it would remain for the next 35 years.
KYW has long been a leader in the Philadelphia radio market, although its audience had naturally reduced due to the decline of AM as a whole. KYW-TV took advantage of the radio station's popularity by incorporating a version of KYW's musical sounder into its news themes from 1991 to 2003. In addition,KYW Newsradio This Morning aired on co-ownedWPSG (channel 57) in the early 2000s, adapting KYW's "news blocks" to television (though it was not a simulcast of KYW itself). KYW anchors and reporters were seen on morning television delivering the news.
In 1995, Westinghouse Electric announced its purchase of CBS. Upon its completion KYW became asister station to its long-time rival, CBS-owned WGMP (1210 AM, now WPHT).[38] That station, under its original WCAU call letters, had attempted during the late 1970s to compete with KYW with all-news programming. The effort failed, with WCAU switching to a talk format after a three-year effort.
From 1986 to 1998, KYW used theC-QUAMAM Stereo system, but abandoned stereo broadcasts about the time of the CBS-Westinghouse merger and went back to standard monophonic broadcasts.[39] The station previously used theHD Radio digital system created byiBiquity beginning in 2007 after an initial testing period.[40]
In March 2007, the studios moved one half-block to 400 Market Street inCenter City Philadelphia, which allowed for the construction of the National Museum of American Jewish History. In March 2014, KYW radio and television relocated to the sixth floor of 1555 Hamilton Street in Philadelphia, in what was initially referred to on-air as the "CBS Broadcast Center".
In November 2017, CBS Radio merged withEntercom, which is based in Philadelphia. Entercom had never previously owned a station in its home market. The transaction separated KYW from its television counterparts, and marked the first time since its establishment 96 years earlier that KYW was no longer owned by a direct descendant of Westinghouse.[41][42][43][44]
KYW radio ended its longtime partnership with KYW-TV on February 10, 2020, and began broadcasting traffic, news, and weather information from NBC-ownedWCAU (channel 10). The change coincided with KYW radio's move from the CBS Broadcast Center (which continues to house KYW-TV) to 2400 Market Street, along with Entercom's other Philadelphia radio stations and its corporate headquarters.[45]
KYW broke from its all-news format on November 3, 2022, to simulcast Game 5 of the2022 World Series, which involved thePhiladelphia Phillies, with WPHT. The Phillies' flagship station,WIP-FM (94.1), could not air the game because of a conflict with thePhiladelphia Eagles, who were playing aThursday Night Football game at the same time.[46]
One full-power stationsimulcasts the programming of KYW:
| Call sign | Frequency | City of license | Facility ID | ERP W | Height m (ft) | Class | Transmitter coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WPHI-FM | 103.9 FM | Jenkintown, Pennsylvania | 30572 | 270 watts | 338 meters (1,109 ft) | A | 40°02′30.0″N75°14′10.0″W / 40.041667°N 75.236111°W /40.041667; -75.236111 (WPHI-FM) |
KYW programming is also available via a simulcast on the HD2 subchannel of sister station 94.1WIP-FM.