Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels represent the most complex class of voltage-gated ion channels from both functional and structural standpoints. Their diverse functions include regulating neurotransmitter release, heart rate, insulin secretion, neuronal excitability, epithelial electrolyte transport, smooth muscle contraction, and cell volume. Four sequence-related potassium channel genes - shaker, shaw, shab, and shal - have been identified in Drosophila, and each has been shown to have human homolog(s). This gene encodes a member of the potassium channel, voltage-gated, shal-related subfamily, members of which form voltage-activated A-type potassium ion channels and are prominent in the repolarization phase of the action potential. This member mediates a rapidly inactivating, A-type outward potassium current which is not under the control of the N terminus as it is in Shaker channels.[7]
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^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Zhu XR, Wulf A, Schwarz M, Isbrandt D, Pongs O (December 1999). "Characterization of human Kv4.2 mediating a rapidly-inactivating transient voltage-sensitive K+ current".Receptors Channels.6 (5):387–400.PMID10551270.
^Gutman GA, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Lazdunski M, McKinnon D, Pardo LA, Robertson GA, Rudy B, Sanguinetti MC, Stuhmer W, Wang X (December 2005). "International Union of Pharmacology. LIII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of voltage-gated potassium channels".Pharmacol Rev.57 (4):473–508.doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.10.PMID16382104.S2CID219195192.
^Oudit GY, Kassiri Z, Sah R, Ramirez RJ, Zobel C, Backx PH (May 2001). "The molecular physiology of the cardiac transient outward potassium current (I(to)) in normal and diseased myocardium".J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.33 (5):851–872.doi:10.1006/jmcc.2001.1376.PMID11343410.S2CID829154.
Kong W, Po S, Yamagishi T, et al. (1999). "Isolation and characterization of the human gene encoding Ito: further diversity by alternative mRNA splicing".Am. J. Physiol.275 (6 Pt 2): H1963–70.doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.6.H1963.PMID9843794.
Isbrandt D, Leicher T, Waldschütz R, et al. (2000). "Gene structures and expression profiles of three human KCND (Kv4) potassium channels mediating A-type currents I(TO) and I(SA)".Genomics.64 (2):144–154.doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6117.PMID10729221.S2CID1429910.
Postma AV, Bezzina CR, de Vries JF, et al. (2000). "Genomic organisation and chromosomal localisation of two members of the KCND ion channel family, KCND2 and KCND3".Hum. Genet.106 (6):614–619.doi:10.1007/s004390050033.PMID10942109.
