Küçükçekmece | |
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 Aerial view above Cumhuriyet neighborhood lying by the shores of & overlooking the Lake of Küçükçekmece | |
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 Map showing Küçükçekmece District in Istanbul Province | |
  Küçükçekmece Location in Turkey Show map of Turkey Küçükçekmece Küçükçekmece (Istanbul) Show map of Istanbul | |
| Coordinates:41°0′N28°48′E / 41.000°N 28.800°E /41.000; 28.800 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Istanbul |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Kemal Çebi (CHP) |
| • Kaymakam | Mustafa Anteplioğlu |
Area | 44 km2 (17 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 70 m (230 ft) |
| Population (2022)[1] | 326,452 |
| • Density | 7,400/km2 (19,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 34290 |
| Area code | 0212 |
| Website | www |
Küçükçekmece (Turkish:[cyˈtʃyc.tʃec.me.dʒe]; meaning "small-drawer", from much earlierRhegion (Greek: Ρήγιον) andKüçükçökmece as "little breakdown" or "little depression", in more ancient times just asBathonea),[2] is a municipality anddistrict ofIstanbul Province, Turkey.[3] Its area is 44 km2,[4] and its population was 326,452 in 2022.[1] It is 23 kilometers west of the city centre and lies next toLake Küçükçekmece. Both the lake and land reside on the European shore of theSea of Marmara.[5] It is the second most populous district of Istanbul.[1]
The area was known asRhégion in antiquity. The lagoon has almost always been controlled by the same imperial power in control of Istanbul (thenConstantinopolis), as theVia Egnatia, the road from Istanbul to Western Europe also passed by here. Küçükçekmece was part of the significant trade route.
According to the Ottoman General Census of 1881/82-1893, thekaza of Küçükçökmece (also referred to as Rhagion byOttomans back then) had a total population of 17,975, consisting of 10,945Greeks, 5,340 Muslims, 1,396Armenians, 61Catholics, 31Latins, 15Bulgarians and 187 foreign citizens in the 1800s, and the population did not see a significant change until the early-mid 1900s.[6]
During theByzantium andRoman periods the site of Küçükçekmece had also been inhabited. The ruins of this town, which have always remained visible, had been studied extensively in 1930 specially during theRepublican era by the Swiss archeologistErnest Mamboury,[7] who - basing upon ancient sources - identified the settlement with the town of Regium (Ρήγιον in Greek).[7] In 2009 a new identification has been proposed, this time with the small Roman andByzantine village ofBathonea, which was home toViking settlers, specificallyVarangians andVarangian Guards.[8][9][10][11][12][13] Many artifacts, such asNorseCrosses rather thanOrthodox ones belonging to theVikings were found.
The settlement was likely once only made up of the small village of Bathonea, to later turn into the town of Rhagion or also Küçükçökmece, and later as the Küçükçekmece we know today around the 30s.
The population of Küçükçekmece is growing, and new schools, supermarkets, parks, shopping centres, modern living spaces, cultural centers and other facilities are rapidly being built, and an ongoingmetro-line construction[14] which will connect fromBağcılar,Kirazlı to a new Halkalı metro.
Alongside 9 othermetroconstructions all around İstanbul, Istanbul has the highest amount of metros being constructed in a city in the world, construction being carried out by the İBB (Istanbul Municipality).[15][16][17][18]
Many residential areas in certain districts weregecekondu neighbourhoods, illegally built quasi-slums typical of old working-class Istanbul. The remaining lot of these are being gradually replaced by large housing projects, or "Kentleşme,Kentsel Dönüşüm projeleri" in Turkish.[19][20]
Küçükçekmece, along withBaşakşehir,Bağcılar,Gaziosmanpaşa,Esenler,Bayrampaşa,Zeytinburnu, andFatih, are home to many refugees of Middle Eastern origin,[21] especially urban areas around the Küçükçekmece Lake.[22][23][24][25]
The settlement lies 20 km west from Istanbul. The district is eight kilometers wide, reaching a small inlet west of Istanbul on the banks of Lake Küçükçekmece. The land here is flat, rising very gently away from the sea shore and lake shore, and as such is easily built upon. This has historically encouraged, and still encourages further growth and development in the area. Future growth and development is expected in the municipality.[26][27]
Though, some parts of the land right around the edges reaching to the lake areman-made and also build upon, making it risky for old buildings or building vulnerable for earthquakes to be built there, but the Küçükçekmece Municipality andIstanbul Metropolitan Municipality closely monitor development around the region as part of their ongoing "Earthquake-proof Istanbul" program.
The government-basedTOKİ development project in the 2000s started mostly focused on this region, thus many TOKİ buildings are present, and even today some are being built alongside the private-firm urban projects.[28][29]
It is quite an ideal flat land, but is affected by earthquakes due to being near theNorth Anatolian fault, and earthquakes are felt aggressively in most cases.[30]
Buildings built and being built there today are quite modern andearthquake-proof, as they are obligated to be built as such by law. Old buildings, damaged buildings, and gecekondu buildings are demolished safely by either the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Küçükçekmece Municipality on the behalf of ministries involved, or the ministries themselves.[31][32][33]
Küçükçekmece lies on the European shore of the Sea of Marmara, settled on a lagoon named Lake Küçükçekmece. Across the inlet is the district ofAvcılar and the campus ofIstanbul University. The inlet is connected to the Sea of Marmara by a very narrow channel, therefore the water has lowsalinity.
TheEU80/TEM,D.100 (Part of EU80) &E3 highways and motorways pass through this municipality, connecting to the rest of Europe and Turkey, making the highways a very significant economic and cargo route.[34][35]
There are 21neighbourhoods in Küçükçekmece District:[36]
Atakent is the most populous neighbourhood, with 102,682 inhabitants (2022).[1]
TheKüçükçekmece Bridge, also known as the Küçükçekmece Mimar Sinan Bridge, is a historicstone arch bridge built by famousOttoman architectMimar Sinan in the 1500s, which crosses the mouth of the lagoon. The bridge has been restored and is well-maintained.
The Mehmet Arsay Klasik Automobile Museum is aclassic automobile museum in the Atatürk neighborhood of Küçükçekmece, opened in the 1900s featuring many classic well-maintained and polished old cars. It is next to the Arena Park AVM, a large shopping center in the heart of the Halkalı district, (and near Atakent) which is also both a top attraction for outsiders and locals in Küçükçekmece. It is easily accessible by bus, bicycles, car, and soon metro.[37] There are many cultural centers, theaters, restaurants, shops andgalleries in Küçükçekmece, such as theAtatürk Kültür Merkezi, Cennet Kültür and Art Center, and Sefaköy Cultural Center.[38]
Lake Küçükçekmece and its surrounding area is home to parks, living spaces and institutions around the lakeside, the parks are both for walking and for doing sports outdoors right next to the lake. Picnics are also available around the wide lake.
TheYarımburgaz Caves, although not entirely inside the district, but on the north of Lake Küçükçekmece arepre-historic andancient 400,000 year oldcave settlements, once hosting inhabitants, (Homo erectus) who would later migrate toprehistoric Europe and begin the first footsteps ofcivilizations in Europe.
The cave had ancientcave paintings on its walls, andartifacts from theStone Age. The cave, before there was any proper scientific and archeological research surrounding it, was subject to vandalism, specifically vandalized while being used as a set location inseveral movies in the 1970s and 1980s. In the 1990s after the cave started gaining global attention,illegaltreasure hunters, mostly smuggling into the Middle East andBalkans, started illegal digging in the caves, but theMinistry of Culture stepped in and closed off the site. Today, the maintenance of the cave is questionable, it still has significant archeological andpaleontological impact and such research has still been going on there. Some artifacts and other findings from the caves are on display in the Istanbul Archaeology Museums in theFatih municipality. Most of its parts are closed off to the ordinary public.
TheBathonea Ancient City is a currently active archeological and paleontology site, with ongoing scientific research. Access is only available for certain university students, professionals in the field, scientists, researchers, journalists and professors or can be accessed by others on behalf of a granted permission by the institution under theKocaeli University. Known as the "Viking Neighbourhood of Ancient Istanbul".[39]
The 1911-founded football clubKüçükçekmece S.K. plays in theIstanbul First Amateur League, there are many more clubs and teams in many different sports field based in and representing the Küçükçekmece region.[40]
Other than those clubs and teams, such as manyprivate colleges, schools, organizations and such have their own sports teams in all fields which can and play in their own or differ clubs, teams, matches from women's sports to men's sports, which also includes and is available for the younger children. Matches are hosted across many available spaces such as in private or public, indoors or outdoors sports fields, centers, and schools. (Which also can be the hosts on the behalf of the played games.)
There is also a newly built (by membership)Esports center, gaming/cosplay events, events similar toVidCon andComiCon can also be hosted there. The opening and hosting was done by Mayor Kemal Çebi,İstanbul Mayor İmamoğlu, and several internet personalities (mainlyTwitch streamers) that were invited and present.[41][42]
Most prominent fields are the basketball, volleyball,football, and swimming fields.[43]
Other than significant highways and significant roads that pass through the municipality, there is theSirkeci-Halkalı railway line that also passes through Küçükçekmece and serves the railway stations;Küçükçekmece,Soğuksu,Kanarya andHalkalı. An ongoing metro-line construction will connect fromBağcılar,Kirazlı to the new metro station and line being constructed in the Halkalı-Atakent area.[44]
Public transportation is widely used in the municipality, especially among the students and elderly. Traffic can be an issue atentry/rush hours in the early mornings, specially onschool and work days. Exit hours are rather calmer in the municipality.
Küçükçekmece has a cultural, economic and educational cooperation agreement withJózsefváros (Budapest District VIII), Hungary, which was signed in 2015.[45][46]
