Jurhum (Arabic:جرهم,romanized: Jurhum; alsoBanu Jurhum orThe second Jurhum) historically referred to as theGoramenoi (Ancient Greek:Γοrαμῆνοι) in the5th century,[1] was atribe of Arabia associated withMecca. Muslim texts state that they were succeeded byQusayy ibn Kilab, the leader of theQuraysh.
They were consideredQahtanites traditionally, whose historical abode was said to beYemen.[2][3] Irfan Shahîd wrote that M. al-Iryani printed aSabaic inscription in 1974 identifying it as a South Arabian tribe; previous theories had suggested they instead were the eponymous residents ofGerrha inEastern Arabia, which this inscription put to rest.[4]
According toMuslim accounts, the tribe of the Jurhum gave protection to the important figures ofHagar and her sonIshmael inIslam, a relationship cemented with Ishmael's marriage to a Jurhumite woman, Rala bint Mudad ibn 'Amr ibn Jurhum ibnHimyar ibnQahtan.[5] The Jurhum are said to have been involved in worship centred on theKaaba, the holy sanctuary allegedly rebuilt by Ishmael and his fatherAbraham and revered as a pilgrimage site.[6] According to one tradition, their custodianship over the Kaaba ended after they were ousted by theBanu Khuza'a, a tribal group from the south.[6]
Muslim tradition further holds that Hagar and Ishmael found a spring in Mecca now called theZamzam Well from which the Jurhum wanted to drink, and that after their ousting by the Banu Khuza'a, the Jurhum collected the treasures dedicated to the Kaaba and destroyed the Zamzam so that nobody would find it.
Jurhum Qahtan.
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