John Prine
John Prine (age 59) at MerleFest (2006)
Background information
Born	John Edward Prine (1946-10-10)October 10, 1946 Maywood, Illinois, U.S.
Died	April 7, 2020(2020-04-07) (aged 73) Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.
Genres	Country-folk progressive country[1] Americana
Occupations	Singer songwriter musician
Instruments	Vocals acoustic guitar
Years active	1969–2020
Labels	Atlantic Asylum Oh Boy Rhino
Spouses	Ann Carole ​ ​ (m. 1966; div. 1982)​ Rachel Peer ​ ​ (m. 1984; div. 1988)​ Fiona Prine ​ (m. 1996)​
Website	JohnPrine.com

John Edward Prine^[2] (/praɪn/; October 10, 1946 – April 7, 2020) was an American singer-songwriter ofcountry-folk music. Widely cited as one of the most influential songwriters of his generation, Prine was known for his signature blend of humorous lyrics about love, life, and current events, often with elements ofsocial commentary andsatire, as well as sweet songs and melancholy ballads. He was active as a composer, recording artist, live performer, and occasional actor from the early 1970s until his death.

Born and raised inMaywood, Illinois, Prine learned to play the guitar at age 14. He attended classes at Chicago'sOld Town School of Folk Music.^[3] After serving inWest Germany with theU.S. Army, he returned to Chicago in the late 1960s, where he worked as a mailman, writing and singing songs first as a hobby. Continuing studies at the Old Town School, he performed at a student hang-out, the nearby Fifth Peg. A laudatory review byRoger Ebert put Prine on the map. Singer-songwriterKris Kristofferson heard Prine atSteve Goodman's insistence, and Kristofferson invited Prine to be his opening act. Prine released hiseponymous debut album in 1971.^[4] Featuring such songs as "Paradise", "Sam Stone", and "Angel from Montgomery", it has been hailed as one of the greatest albums of all time.^[5]

The acclaim Prine earned from his debut led to three more albums forAtlantic Records.Common Sense (1975) was his first to chart on the Billboard U.S. Top 100. He then recorded three albums withAsylum Records. In 1981, he co-foundedOh Boy Records, an independent label which released all of his music up until his death. His final album, 2018'sThe Tree of Forgiveness, debuted at No. 5 on theBillboard 200, his highest ranking on the charts.

Prine struggled with health issues throughout his life, surviving cancer twice. He died in 2020 from complications caused byCOVID-19. Earlier the same year, he received theGrammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Prine was the son of William Mason Prine, atool-and-die maker, and Verna Valentine (Hamm), a homemaker, both originally fromMuhlenberg County, Kentucky. He was born and raised in the Chicago suburb of Maywood.^[6][7] In summers, they would go back to visit family nearParadise, Kentucky.^[8] Prine started playing guitar at age 14, taught by his brother, David.^[9] He attended classes at Chicago'sOld Town School of Folk Music,^[3] and graduated fromProviso East High School inMaywood, Illinois. He was aU.S. Postal Service mailman for five years and was drafted into theUnited States Army during theVietnam War, serving as a vehicle mechanic inWest Germany before beginning his musical career in Chicago.^[10]

In the late 1960s, while Prine was delivering mail, he began to sing his songs (often first written in his head on the mail route) atopen mic nights at the Fifth Peg onArmitage Avenue in Chicago. The bar was a gathering spot for nearbyOld Town School of Folk Music teachers and students. Prine was initially a spectator, reluctant to perform, but eventually did so in response to a "You think you can do better?" comment made to him by another performer.^[11] After his first open mic, he was offered paying gigs. In 1970,Chicago Sun-Times film criticRoger Ebert heard Prine by chance at the Fifth Peg and wrote his first printed review, "Singing Mailman Who Delivers A Powerful Message In A Few Words":^[12]

He appears on stage with such modesty he almost seems to be backing into the spotlight. He sings rather quietly, and his guitar work is good, but he doesn't show off. He starts slow. But after a song or two, even the drunks in the room begin to listen to his lyrics. And then he has you....Prine's lyrics work with poetic economy to sketch a character in just a few words.^[12]

After the review was published, Prine's popularity grew.^[13] He became a central figure in the Chicagofolk revival, which also included such singer-songwriters asSteve Goodman,Michael Peter Smith,Bonnie Koloc,Jim Post,Tom Dundee,Anne Hills, andFred Holstein. Joined by such established musicians asJethro Burns andBob Gibson, Prine performed frequently at a variety of Chicago clubs.^[14] He was offered a one-album deal of covers and with a few of his original songs, byBob Koester fromDelmark Records, but decided the project was not right for him.^[11]

In 1971, Prine was playing regularly at the Earl of Old Town. Steve Goodman, who was performing withKris Kristofferson at another Chicago club, persuaded Kristofferson to go see Prine late one night.^[15] Kristofferson later recalled, "By the end of the first line we knew we were hearing something else. Twenty-four years old and writes like he's two-hundred and twenty. It must've been like stumbling ontoDylan when he first busted onto theVillage scene."^[16]

Prine'seponymous debut album was released in 1971. Kristofferson (who once remarked that Prine wrote songs so good that "we'll have to break his thumbs"^[17]) invited Prine and Goodman to open for him atThe Bitter End in New York City. In the audience wasJerry Wexler, who signed Prine toAtlantic Records the next day.^[16] The album included Prine's signature songs "Illegal Smile" and"Sam Stone". "Sam Stone" is about the trauma of a Vietnam veteran. He explained in 2011:

I knew there were a lot of GIs out there, who came out of the war and they weren’t quite right. … I knew there were homes where nobody was talking to each other, which became "Angel from Montgomery". … I knew there were kids who didn’t have fathers, and nobody ever acknowledged it, which became "6 O’Clock News."… I saw all that. I knew, and I couldn’t figure out why no one would say anything.^[18]

"Paradise" is about the effects ofsurface mining on his parents' hometown ofParadise, Kentucky. The album also featured "Hello in There", a song about aging that was later covered by numerous artists, and "Far From Me", a lonelywaltz about lost love for a waitress, which Prine later said was his favorite of all his songs. The album received many positive reviews, and some hailed Prine as "the next Dylan". Bob Dylan himself appeared unannounced at one of Prine's first New York City club appearances, anonymously backing him on harmonica.^[19]

Prine's second album,Diamonds in the Rough (1972), was a surprise for many after the critical success of his first LP; it was an uncommercial, stripped-down affair that reflected Prine's fondness forbluegrass music and features songs reminiscent ofHank Williams. Highlights of the compilation include the allegorical "The Great Compromise", which includes a recitation and addresses theVietnam War, and the ballad "Souvenirs", which Prine later recorded with Goodman.^[20]

His subsequent albums from the 1970s includeSweet Revenge (1973), containing such fan favorites as "Dear Abby", "Grandpa Was a Carpenter", and "Christmas in Prison", andCommon Sense (1975), with "Come Back to Us Barbara Lewis Hare Krishna Beauregard". The latter album was Prine's first to chart on the U.S. Top 100 byBillboard and reflected his growing commercial success. It was produced by Steve Cropper.Bruised Orange (1978) is a Steve Goodman–produced album that gave listeners songs such as "That's The Way That The World Goes 'Round", "Sabu Visits the Twin Cities Alone", "Fish and Whistle", and the title track.^[21]

In 1974, singerDavid Allan Coe achieved considerable success on the country charts with "You Never Even Called Me by My Name", co-written by Prine and Goodman. The song good-naturedly spoofs stereotypical country music lyrics to create what it calls "the perfect country and western song". Prine refused to take a songwriter's credit (stating he was too drunk when the song was written to remember what he had contributed) and Goodman received sole credit. Goodman bought Prine ajukebox as a gift from his publishing royalties.^[22]

In 1975, Prine toured the U.S. and Canada with a full band featuring guitaristArlen Roth.^[23]

Pink Cadillac (1979) features two songs produced bySun Records founderSam Phillips, who by this time rarely did any studio work. The song "Saigon" is about aVietnam veteran traumatized by the war ("The static in my attic's gettin' ready to blow"). During the recording, one of theguitar amplifiers blew up (which is evident on the album).^[24] The other song Phillips produced is "How Lucky", about Prine's hometown.^[25]

In 1981, rejecting the established model of the recording industry, which Prine felt exploited singers and songwriters, he co-founded the independent record labelOh Boy Records inNashville, Tennessee. His fans, supporting the project, sent him enough money to cover the costs, in advance, of his next album.^[6] Prine continued writing and recording albums throughout the 1980s. His songs continued to be covered by other artists; the country supergroupThe Highwaymen recorded "The 20th Century Is Almost Over", written by Prine and Goodman. Steve Goodman died ofleukemia in 1984 and Prine contributed four tracks toA Tribute to Steve Goodman, including a cover version of Goodman's "My Old Man".^[26]

In 1991, Prine released theGrammy-winningThe Missing Years, his first collaboration with producer andHeartbreakers bassistHowie Epstein. The title song records Prine's humorous take on what Jesus did in the unrecorded years between his childhood andministry.^[27][28][29]

In 1992, Prine performed a duet withMargo Timmins on "If You Were the Woman and I Was the Man"^[30] from the albumBlack Eyed Man byCowboy Junkies. The two acts embarked on a co-headlining tour through 1992, touring on their respective album releases and performing duets between Prine and Timmins in each set.^[31][32]

In 1995,Lost Dogs and Mixed Blessings was released, another collaboration with Epstein.^[33] On this album is the long track "Lake Marie", a partly spoken word song interweaving tales over decades centered on themes of "goodbye".^[34] Bob Dylan later cited it as perhaps his favorite Prine song.^[35] Prine followed it up in 1999 withIn Spite of Ourselves, which was unusual for him in that it contained only one original song (the title track); the rest were covers of classic country songs. All of the tracks are duets with well-known female country vocalists, includingLucinda Williams,Emmylou Harris,Patty Loveless,Dolores Keane,Trisha Yearwood, andIris DeMent.^[36][37]

Prine appeared in a supporting role in theBilly Bob Thornton movieDaddy & Them (2001). "In Spite of Ourselves" is played during the end credits.^[38]

Prine recorded a version ofStephen Foster's "My Old Kentucky Home" in 2004 for the compilation albumBeautiful Dreamer, which won the Grammy for Best Traditional Folk Album.^[39]

In 2005, Prine released his first all-new offering sinceLost Dogs and Mixed Blessings, the albumFair & Square, which tended toward a more laid-back, acoustic approach. The album contains songs such as "Safety Joe", about a man who has never taken any risks in his life, and also "Some Humans Ain't Human", Prine's protest piece on the album, which talks about the ugly side ofhuman nature and includes a quick shot at PresidentGeorge W. Bush.Fair & Square won the 2005 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album. The album contains original songs plus two covers:A.P. Carter's "Bear Creek Blues" andBlaze Foley's "Clay Pigeons".^[40]

On June 22, 2010, Oh Boy Records released a tribute album titledBroken Hearts & Dirty Windows: Songs of John Prine. The album features members of the modern folk revival, includingMy Morning Jacket,The Avett Brothers,Conor Oberst and the Mystic Valley Band,Old Crow Medicine Show,Lambchop,Josh Ritter,Drive-By Truckers,Nickel Creek'sSara Watkins,Deer Tick featuring Liz Isenberg,Justin Townes Earle,Those Darlins, andBon Iver'sJustin Vernon.^[41]

In 2016, Prine was named winner of the PEN/Song Lyrics Award, given to two songwriters every other year by thePEN New England chapter. The 2016 award was shared withTom Waits and his songwriting collaborator wifeKathleen Brennan. Judges for the award includedPeter Wolf,Rosanne Cash,Paul Simon,Elvis Costello, andBono, as well as literary judgesSalman Rushdie,Natasha Tretheway, andPaul Muldoon.^[42][43] In 2016, Prine releasedFor Better, or Worse, a follow-up toIn Spite of Ourselves. The album features country music covers spotlighting some of the most prominent female voices in the genre, including;Alison Krauss,Kacey Musgraves, andLee Ann Womack, as well as Iris DeMent, the only guest artist to appear on both compilation albums.^[44]

On March 15, 2017, the American Currents exhibit opened at theCountry Music Hall of Fame. The exhibit featured a pair ofcowboy boots and jacket that Prine often wore on stage, his personal guitar, and the original handwritten lyric to his hit, "Angel From Montgomery". The American Currents Class of 2016 showcased artists who made a significant impact on country music in 2016, including, Prine. Prine won his second Artist of the Year award at the 2017Americana Music Honors & Awards after previously winning in 2005.^[45]

On February 8, 2018, Prine announced his first new album of original material in 13 years, titledThe Tree of Forgiveness, would be released on April 13. Produced byDave Cobb, the album was released on Prine's own Oh Boy Records and features guest artistsJason Isbell,Amanda Shires,Dan Auerbach, andBrandi Carlile. Alongside the announcement, Prine released the track "Summer's End".^[46] The album became Prine's highest-charting album on theBillboard 200.^[47]

In 2019, Prine recorded several tracks including "Please Let Me Go 'Round Again"—a song which warmly confronts the end of life—with longtime friend and compatriotSwamp Dogg in his final recording session.^[48]

The last song Prine recorded before he died was "I Remember Everything", released on June 12, 2020, alongside a music video. It was released following the two-hour special tribute show,A Tribute Celebrating John Prine aired on June 11, 2020, which featured Sturgill Simpson, Vince Gill, Jason Isbell, Kacey Musgraves, Bonnie Raitt, Rita Wilson, Eric Church, Brandi Carlile and many other country artists and friends.^[49] On the first night of the2020 Democratic National Convention, Prine singing "I Remember Everything" was the soundtrack to the COVID-19 memorial video.^[50]

Prine was married three times. His first marriage was to high school sweetheart Ann Carole on December 26, 1966. The marriage lasted until the late 1970s, and they formally divorced in 1982.^[51][52]

Prine was married to bassist Rachel Peer from 1984 to 1988.^{[citation needed]}

Prine met Fiona Whelan, who later became his manager, in 1988.^[53] She moved from Ireland to Nashville in 1993, and married him in 1996.^[54]

Prine and Whelan had two sons together, Jack andTommy, and Prine adopted Whelan's son, Jody, from a previous relationship.^[54]

Prine had a home inKinvara, Galway, Ireland, and spent part of the year there.^{[citation needed]}

In early 1998, Prine was diagnosed withsquamous-cell cancer on the right side of his neck. He had major surgery to remove a substantial amount of diseased tissue, followed by six weeks ofradiation therapy.^[55] The surgery removed a piece of his neck and severed a few nerves in his tongue, while the radiation damaged somesalivary glands. A year of recuperation andspeech therapy were necessary before he could perform again.^[56] The operation altered his vocals and added a gravelly tone to his voice.^[57]

In 2013, Prine underwent surgery to removecancer in his left lung. After the surgery, a physical therapist put him through an unusual workout to build stamina: Prine was required to run up and down his house stairs, grab his guitar while still out of breath, and sing two songs. Six months later, he was touring again.^[56]

On March 19, 2020, amidthe COVID-19 pandemicin the United States, Prine's wife Fiona revealed that she had tested positive forSARS-CoV-2 and had beenquarantined in their home apart from him.^[58] He was hospitalized on March 26 after experiencingCOVID-19 symptoms.^[59] On March 30, Fiona tweeted that she had recovered and that John was in stable condition but not improving.^[60][61][62] Prine died on April 7, 2020, of complications caused by COVID-19 at the age of 73.^[63]

In accordance with Prine's lyrical wishes, expressed in his song "Paradise", some of his ashes were spread in Kentucky'sGreen River.^[64][65] Additional ashes were buried next to his parents in Chicago.^[66]

Prine is widely regarded as one of the most influential songwriters of his generation.^[67][68][69] He has been referred to as "theMark Twain of songwriting".^[35][70]

Bob Dylan named Prine one of his favorite songwriters in 2009. He remarked, "Prine's stuff is pureProustianexistentialism.Midwestern mindtrips to the nth degree. And he writes beautiful songs. All that stuff about 'Sam Stone', the soldier junkie daddy, and 'Donald and Lydia', where people make love from ten miles away. Nobody but Prine could write like that."^[71]

Johnny Cash, in his autobiographyCash, wrote, "I don't listen to music much at the farm, unless I'm going into songwriting mode and looking for inspiration. Then I'll put on something by the writers I've admired and used for years—Rodney Crowell, John Prine,Guy Clark, and the lateSteve Goodman are my Big Four ..."^[72]

Roger Waters, when asked byWord Magazine in 2008 if he heardPink Floyd's influence in newer British bands such asRadiohead, replied, "I don't really listen to Radiohead. I listened to the albums and they just didn't move me in the way, say, John Prine does. His is just extraordinarily eloquent music—and he lives on that plane withNeil [Young] and[John] Lennon."^[73] He later named Prine as among the five most important songwriters.^[74]

Prine's influence is seen in the work of younger artists, whom he often mentored, includingJason Isbell,Amanda Shires,Brandi Carlile,Sturgill Simpson,Kacey Musgraves,Margo Price,Tyler Childers, andRobin Pecknold.^[75][76]

Prine won fourGrammy Awards out of 13 nominations, as well as aGrammy Lifetime Achievement Award.^[77]

• In 2005, at the request ofU.S. Poet LaureateTed Kooser, John Prine became the first singer-songwriter to read and perform at theLibrary of Congress.^[78]
• In 2016, Prine received thePEN New England Song Lyrics of Literary Excellence Award.^[35]
• In 2019, Prine was inducted into theSongwriters Hall of Fame with a speech byBonnie Raitt.^[79]
• Over his career, Prine received six awards from theAmericana Music Honors & Awards: the Lifetime Achievement Award for Songwriting (2003), Artist of the Year (2005, 2017, 2018), Song of the Year for "Summer's End" (2019), and Album of the Year forThe Tree of Forgiveness (2019).
• On June 30, 2020, Illinois's GovernorJ. B. Pritzker posthumously named Prine the honoraryPoet Laureate of Illinois.^[80]
• The John Prine Songwriter Fellowship was created in Prine's honor. In 2022,Leith Ross became the first recipient.^[81]

The week after his death, Prine hit number one onBillboard's Rock Songwriters Chart because his singles ("In Spite Of Ourselves", "Angel from Montgomery", "Hello In There", "When I Get To Heaven", and "That's the Way the World Goes Round") all charted in the top 25 of the Hot Rock Song Chart. On theBillboard 200, his 1971 debut album re-entered the chart at 55, and his last album, 2018'sTree of Forgiveness, re-entered at 109.^[82]

• Official website
• John Prine atAllMusic
• John Prine discography atDiscogs
• John Prine atIMDb
• Doyle, Patrick (April 3, 2020)."John Prine: The Secrets Behind His Classic Songs".Rolling Stone. RetrievedApril 12, 2020. (Notes by John Prine about the inspirations for several of his songs)
• A Literary Evening with John Prine and Ted Kooser. March 9, 2005. The Poetry and Literature Center at the Library of Congress.

• 1946 births
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• 20th-century American guitarists
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• Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee
• Folk musicians from Chicago
• Grammy Award winners
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• American mail carriers
• Old Town School of Folk musicians
• People from Maywood, Illinois
• Progressive country musicians
• Singer-songwriters from Illinois
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