John Paul Hammerschmidt | |
|---|---|
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| Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromArkansas's3rd district | |
| In office January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1993 | |
| Preceded by | James William Trimble |
| Succeeded by | Tim Hutchinson |
| Chairman of theArkansas Republican Party | |
| In office 1964–1966 | |
| Preceded by | William L. Spicer |
| Succeeded by | Odell Pollard |
| In office 2002–2004 | |
| Preceded by | Lloyd Vance Stone Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Winthrop Paul Rockefeller |
| Republican National Committeeman fromArkansas | |
| In office 1976–1980 | |
| Preceded by | Odell Pollard |
| Succeeded by | A. Lynn Lowe |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1922-05-04)May 4, 1922 Harrison, Arkansas, U.S. |
| Died | April 1, 2015(2015-04-01) (aged 92) Springdale, Arkansas, U.S. |
| Party | Republican |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 1 |
| Alma mater | Oklahoma State University (BS) |
| Occupation |
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| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | .svg) U.S. Army Air Corps United States Air Force ReserveDistrict of Columbia Army Reserves |
| Years of service | 1942–1945 (Army Air Corps) 1945–1960 (Reserves) 1977–1981 (Army Reserves) |
| Battles/wars | World War II (South-East Asian theatre) |
| Awards |  Distinguished Flying Cross with threeOak leaf clusters |
John Paul Hammerschmidt speaks in support of theIntermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act Recorded October 23, 1991 | |
John Paul Hammerschmidt (May 4, 1922 – April 1, 2015) was an American politician from the U.S. state ofArkansas. A member of theRepublican Party, Hammerschmidt served 13 terms in theUnited States House of Representatives forArkansas's 3rd congressional district, located in thenorthwestern quadrant of the state. He served from 1967 until his retirement in 1993.
In 1974, a nationallyDemocratic year, he secured his fifth term by defeating the then 28-year-oldBill Clinton. He was also the first Republican elected to the House of Representatives from Arkansas sinceReconstruction. Coincidentally, Hammerschmidt left the House the same month in which Clinton became president.
Born inHarrison inBoone County in northwestern Arkansas, Hammerschmidt was the fourth of five children of the former Junie Mildred Taylor and Arthur Paul Hammerschmidt.[1][2] Both sets of grandparents migrated to Boone County in the early years of the 20th century and were ofGerman descent.[1] He graduated in 1938 from Harrison High School.[1]
He attendedThe Citadel inCharleston,South Carolina, from 1938 to 1939[3] and theUniversity of Arkansas inFayetteville from 1940 to 1941.[1]
Hammerschmidt served in theUnited States Army Air Corps duringWorld War II. In 1942, he joined the3rd Combat Cargo Group of theU.S. Army Air Corps and served in theChina-Burma-India theater until the end of the war in 1945. Hammerschmidt received theDistinguished Flying Cross with threeoak leaf clusters for his service in the war.[1]
Hammerschmidt returned to theUnited States and attended Oklahoma A&M College (nowOklahoma State University) inStillwater,Oklahoma, from 1945 to 1946, having received aBachelor of Sciencedegree.[4] He then entered thelumber industry, working at the Hammerschmidt Lumber Company, which had been founded by his grandfather, and becoming its president. Hammerschmidt also was president of the Construction Products Company and the Arkansas Lumber Dealers Association and Southwestern Lumberman's Association.[4]
Hammerschmidt continued his military service in theUnited States Air Force Reserves from 1945 to 1960, and later in theDistrict of Columbia Army Reserves from 1977 to 1981.[4]
Hammerschmidt was a delegate to theRepublican National Conventions in1964,1968,1972,1976,1980,1984, and1988. He was twice the state chairman of theRepublican Party of Arkansas, serving from 1964 to 1966 and again from 2002 to 2004.[citation needed]
In the1966 election, Hammerschmidt won the Republican nomination for the 3rd district and then defeated 11-term incumbent DemocratJames William Trimble, by more than nine thousand votes. He became the first Republican to represent Arkansas in Congress sinceReconstruction. Hammerschmidt was elected twelve more times, having served twenty-six years from January 3, 1967 to January 3, 1993, from the90th Congress to the102nd Congress. The 3rd district had begun shaking off itsSolid South roots before the rest of Arkansas; it has only supported a Democrat for president twice since 1952, and its voters had begun splitting their tickets at the federal level as early as the 1930s.[citation needed]
Hammerschmidt became very popular in the 3rd district, even though most of its residents had never been represented by a Republican before; indeed, Democrats would hold most state and local offices well into the 1990s. He only faced one contest anywhere near as close as his initial bid for the seat. In the1974 election, he defeated Bill Clinton (then aUniversity of Arkansas law professor) by only 6,400 votes.[5] Clinton had harshly criticized Hammerschmidt for being one of the few Republicans to stand byRichard Nixon in the wake of theWatergate scandal. This election was one of only four in which Democrats received more than one-third of the vote against Hammerschmidt, the others being Hardy Croxton in 1968, Donald Poe in 1970, and former Clinton associateJames McDougal in 1982.[6] The district reverted to form in 1976, when Hammerschmidt was reelected unopposed.[7] In 1978, Hammerschmidt faced weak opposition from theHot Springs real estate broker William C. Mears and instead had the resources to help the Republican gubernatorial nominee,A. Lynn Lowe, a farmer fromTexarkana, win in Boone County. Lowe, who was also the state party chairman, lost to Hammerschmidt's former opponent, Bill Clinton, by a margin of 63%–37%.[8]
Hammerschmidt was a member of the President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism (PCAST) which was organized in September 1989 to review and report on aviation security policy in the light of the sabotage ofPan Am Flight 103 on December 21, 1988.[citation needed]
Hammerschmidt had a conservative voting record on foreign policy and social issues, but a slightly more moderate record on economic issues. He supported a constitutional amendment proposing to enactflag desecration laws.[citation needed]
Hammerschmidt did not vote on theAbandoned Shipwrecks Act of 1987.[9]
Hammerschmidt was in the Air Force Reserve from 1945 to 1960 and theArmy Reserve from 1977 to 1981. He was aPresbyterian and a member of theAmerican Legion,Veterans of Foreign Wars,Freemasons,Shriners,Elks,Rotary International, and had alumni status at the Alpha Zeta chapter of thePi Kappa Alphafraternity at theUniversity of Arkansas at Fayetteville. From 1999 to 2004, he was a trustee ofArkansas State University atJonesboro.[1] His wife, Virginia Ann Sharp, died on January 2, 2006 at the age of 77, following 58 years of marriage.[10] Hammerschmidt died at the age of 92 of heart and respiratory failure at a hospital inSpringdale, Arkansas.[11][12]
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A fellowship at theUniversity of Arkansas atFort Smith was created in his name to allow a university student to work in the 3rd congressional district office.[13]
TheJohn Paul Hammerschmidt Federal Building near theFayetteville Historic Square is home to the Fayetteville office of theUnited States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas.
Interstate 49 in Arkansas is designated as the John Paul Hammerschmidt Highway in northwest Arkansas.
Hammerschmidt was inducted into theArkansas Aviation Hall of Fame in 1990 by theArkansas Aviation Historical Society.[citation needed]
John Paul Hammerschmidt was born on May 4, 1922, in Harrison to Arthur Paul and Junie M. Hammerschmidt. Hammerschmidt was the fourth of five children. Both sets of grandparents migrated to Boone County in the early years of the twentieth century and were of German descent.
| U.S. House of Representatives | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives fromArkansas's 3rd congressional district 1967–1993 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Ranking Member of theHouse Veterans' Affairs Committee 1973–1987 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Ranking Member of theHouse Public Works and Transportation Committee 1987–1993 | Succeeded by |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by | Chairman of theArkansas Republican Party 1964–1966 | Succeeded by Odell Pollard |
| Preceded by | Republican National Committeeman fromArkansas 1976–1980 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Lloyd Vance Stone Jr. | Chairman of theArkansas Republican Party 2002–2004 | Succeeded by |
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