John Dale Ryan | |
|---|---|
.jpg) General John Dale Ryan | |
| Nickname(s) | "Three-fingered Jack" |
| Born | (1915-12-10)December 10, 1915 Cherokee, Iowa, US |
| Died | October 27, 1983(1983-10-27) (aged 67) Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, US |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service | United States Air Force |
| Years of service | 1938–1973 |
| Rank | General |
| Commands | Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force Pacific Air Forces Strategic Air Command Second Air Force Sixteenth Air Force 810th Air Division 97th Bombardment Wing 509th Bombardment Group 2d Bombardment Group |
| Battles / wars | World War II Vietnam War |
| Awards | Air Force Distinguished Service Medal (5) Army Distinguished Service Medal Silver Star (2) Legion of Merit Distinguished Flying Cross (2) Air Medal (6) Full list |
| Relations | GeneralMichael E. Ryan (son) |
GeneralJohn Dale Ryan (December 10, 1915 – October 27, 1983) was the seventhChief of Staff of the United States Air Force. As chief of staff of the U.S. Air Force, General Ryan served in a dual capacity. He was a member of theJoint Chiefs of Staff, which, as a body, acts as the principal military advisers to thepresident, theNational Security Council, and theSecretary of Defense. In his other capacity, he was responsible to theSecretary of the Air Force for managing the vast human and materiel resources of the world's most powerful aerospace force.
In May 1972, Ryan was the subject of one ofPresidentRichard Nixon's more severe rants.[1]
John Dale Ryan was born inCherokee, Iowa, on December 10, 1915. Following graduation from Cherokee Junior College in 1934, he entered theUnited States Military Academy, playedvarsity football,[2][3] and graduated in 1938.[4] He next attended pilot training inTexas atRandolph andKelly fields, and received hispilot wings in 1939.
Ryan remained at Kelly Field as aflight instructor for approximately two years. From January 1942 until August 1943, he was director of training atMidland Army Airfield, Texas, and was instrumental in establishing an advancedbombardier training school. His next assignment was as operations officer for theSecond Air Force atColorado Springs, Colorado. In February 1944, he was transferred to Italy, where he commanded the2d Bombardment Group and later became operations officer for the 5th Bombardment Wing,Fifteenth Air Force. While commanding the 2d Bombardment Group he lost a finger to enemy anti-aircraft fire. Later on, this resulted in his nickname, sometimes used derisively, "Three-fingered Jack."
Ryan returned to Texas in April 1945, and became deputy air base commander at Midland Army Airfield. In September, he was assigned to theAir Training Command atFort Worth andRandolph Field, where he remained until April 1946, when he assumed duties with the 58th Bombardment Wing and participated in theBikini Atollatomic weapons tests.
From September 1946 to July 1948, he was assistant chief of staff for pilots of the58th Bombardment Wing and thenEighth Air Force director of operations. For the next three years, he commanded the509th Bombardment Group atWalker Air Force Base,New Mexico. Between July 1951 and June 1956, Ryan commanded the97th Bombardment Wing and the810th Air Division, both atBiggs Air Force Base, Texas, and the19th Air Division atCarswell Air Force Base, Texas.
Ryan became director of materiel for theStrategic Air Command in June 1956, and four years later assumed command of SAC'sSixteenth Air Force inSpain. In July 1961, he was named commander of theSecond Air Force atBarksdale Air Force Base,Louisiana. In August 1963, Ryan was assigned tothe Pentagon asInspector General of the Air Force. A year later, he was named vice commander in chief of theStrategic Air Command (SAC) atOffutt Air Force Base,Nebraska.
In November 1964 Ryan was appointed as the nextCommanders-in-Chief of The Strategic Air Command (CINCSAC) following the retirement of the current CINCSAC GeneralThomas S. Power. Ryan assumed his duties as CINCSAC On December 1, 1964, and became its fourthcommander in chief and was the first CINCSAC to be educated at West Point.[4] During his tenure as Strategic Air Command Commander, Ryan oversaw the early staged of Strategic Bombing campaign during theVietnam War and also Strategic Air Command role within the war.[5] As part of the Strategic Air Command involvement in the Vietnam War, Ryan under the direction of Secretary of DefenseRobert McNamara ordered the deployment of several Strategic Air Command fleet ofB-52 Stratofortress andBoeing KC-135 Stratotanker into Southeast Asia.[5] The B-52 and Boeing KC-135 fleet was then deployed intoU-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield following an agreement with Governments ofThailand and operating the base in-cooperation with Royal Thai Navy. As a result, the U-Tapao airbase became the main Strategic Air Command base for its Southeast Asian operation, especially for its operation for the Vietnam War air campaign.[5]
Ryan also the early staged ofOperation Arc Light, which purpose was to provide bombing support that include enemy bases and supply routes and also providing air support for ground combat operations. In order to support the Operation Arc Light, several fleet of Strategic Air Command's Bombers Aircraft, including its fleet of B-52 Stratofortress was deployed intoAndersen Air Force Base inGuam andKadena Air Force Base inOkinawa, Japan.[5] Operation Arc Light played crucial role in the strategic bombing campaign during the Vietnam War and especially in providing the bombing air support to ground combat troops in the battlefield of Vietnam.[5]
On February 1, 1967, Ryan was assigned as commander in chief, of ThePacific Air Forces and was succeeded by his Vice Commanders-in-Chief GeneralJoseph J. Nazzaro, who assumed Ryan's position as Strategic Air Command Commanders-in-Chief.
Ryan returned to the Pentagon asVice Chief of Staff of The United States Air Force in August 1968, following the appointment of the previous Air Force Vice Chief of Staff, GeneralBruce K. Holloway, as Commander of the Strategic Air Command. In July 1969 following the retirement of Air Force Chief of Staff General John P. McConnell, Ryan was appointed by President Richard Nixon asChief of Staff of The United States Air Force in August 1969. One of the more controversial moves of his tenure was the disbandment of the U.S. Air Force Pipes and Drums, the only free-standing, full-time pipe band in the U.S. armed forces.
Ryan's tenure as commander of PACAF and later as Air Force Chief of Staff also engendered controversy when he was described as one of a group that helped destroy GeneralJack Lavelle's career after Lavelle gave fighter pilots permission to shoot back at bona fide threats, something previously denied them byrules of engagement. This was also related to the court-martial of ColonelJack Broughton, after Broughton attempted to protect one of his pilots who shot back at an anti-aircraft position also in apparent violation of rules of engagement. Ryan's "undue command influence" later resulted in the overturning and expungement of Broughton's conviction by the USAF Board for the Correction of Military Records.[6] During his tenure as Air Force Chief of Staff, Ryan also realized that the Air Force was in need of a complete overhaul that emphasized training, readiness and understanding.[7]
According to Mark Perry 1989 military history bookFour Stars: The Inside Story of The Forty-Year Battle Between The Joint Chiefs of Staff and America's Civilian Leaders, Ryan was considered one of the Air Force's major air power strategists in the end of 1960s and was one of the able successors toCurtis LeMay andThomas D. White. Ryan was also quoted as one of the military's leading critics of the can-do spirit which permeated the New Frontier-Great Society national Leadership.[7] Ryan was also quoted as one of the more outspoken and "stronger Chiefs" within the Joint Chiefs of Staff parlance, especially regarding the slanting of a policy or story that far beyond the truth.[7]
General Ryan retired from active-duty within the United States Air Force on July 31, 1973, following 35 years of service within the Air Force. He was succeeded by GeneralGeorge S. Brown who assumed Ryan's position asChief of Staff of The United States Air Force and was previously served as Commanders ofAir Force System Command.
Ryan's son, GeneralMichael E. Ryan, also held the position of chief of staff. Unlike the elder Ryan's career as bomber pilot, the younger Ryan (b. 1941) and his brother John (1940–1970) were both fighter pilots.
Ryan died of a heart attack at age 67 on October 27, 1983, while hospitalized at the Air Force's Wilford Hall Medical Center adjacent toLackland AFB inSan Antonio, Texas.[8] He was later buried with full military honors at theUnited States Air Force Academy Cemetery inColorado Springs, Colorado. He was survived by his wife, the former Jo Carolyn Guidera, his son, Colonel (later General)Michael E. Ryan, and a daughter, Patricia Jo Ryan. Another son, Captain John D. Ryan, Jr., was killed in 1970 when hisF-4 Phantom II crashed intoSan Pablo Bay during a training mission, shortly after takeoff fromHamilton AFB inMarin County, California.[9][10]
* US Air Force Command Pilot Badge
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In December 1962, he joined a select group of athletes, who have been successful in their professional careers since theircollege football days, when he was chosen a member of theSports Illustrated Silver Anniversary All-American team.[12] He received anhonorary doctor of laws degree fromCreighton University,Omaha, Nebraska, on May 30, 1966; and an honorary doctor of laws degree from theUniversity of Akron,Ohio, on June 5, 1967.
In July 1971, Ryan became the first foreign dignitary to receive the Golden Wings of thePhilippine Air Force. Additional foreign decorations areChilean Military Star of the Armed Forces, Class of Great Star for Military Merit.
| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force 1969–1973 | Succeeded by Gen.George S. Brown |
| Preceded by Gen.Thomas S. Power | Commander, Strategic Air Command 1964–1967 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Lt Gen.William H. Blanchard | Inspector General of the United States Air Force 1963–1964 | Succeeded by Lt Gen.Keith K. Compton |
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