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John Cadwalader (jurist)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American judge (1805–1879)

John Cadwalader
Judge of theUnited States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
In office
April 24, 1858 – January 26, 1879
Appointed byJames Buchanan
Preceded byJohn K. Kane
Succeeded byWilliam Butler
Member of theU.S. House of Representatives
fromPennsylvania's5th district
In office
March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857
Preceded byJohn McNair
Succeeded byOwen Jones
Personal details
BornJohn Cadwalader
(1805-04-01)April 1, 1805
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
DiedJanuary 26, 1879(1879-01-26) (aged 73)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Resting placeChrist Church Burial Ground
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Political partyDemocratic
RelationsHorace Binney
Edith Wharton
RelativesClement Biddle
John Cadwalader
George Cadwalader
Thomas Cadwalader
Mary Cadwalader Rawle Jones
Beatrix Farrand
EducationUniversity of Pennsylvania (B.A.)
read law
Signature

John Cadwalader (April 1, 1805 – January 26, 1879) was an18th-century American lawyer, jurist, and politician who served one term as aUnited States representative fromPennsylvania and 11 years aUnited States district judge of theUnited States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.

Early life

[edit]

Cadwalader was born on April 1, 1805, inPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania into the prominentCadwalader family.[1] He was the son of Mary (née Biddle) Cadwalader (1781–1850), of the PhiladelphiaBiddle family, and military leader Thomas Cadwalader (1779–1841).[2] Among his siblings was GeneralGeorge Cadwalader.[2]

His paternal grandfather was GeneralJohn Cadwalader and his great-grandfather was Dr.Thomas Cadwalader.[2] His maternal grandfather,Clement Biddle, was also a military leader, having served underGeorge Washington during theRevolutionary War.[2]

He received aBachelor of Arts degree in 1821 from theUniversity of Pennsylvania andread law in 1825.[1]

Career

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He entered private practice in Philadelphia from 1825 to 1855.[1] He was Solicitor for theSecond Bank of the United States in Philadelphia in 1830.[1]

He was Vice Provost of the Law Academy of Philadelphia from 1833 to 1853.[1] He was a captain in the Pennsylvania State Militia inHarrisburg, Pennsylvania in 1844,[1] which was called out for thePhiladelphia Nativist Riots.[3]

He was elected as a member of theAmerican Philosophical Society in 1867.[4]

Congressional service

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Cadwalader was elected as aDemocrat fromPennsylvania's 5th congressional district to theUnited States House of Representatives of the34th United States Congress, serving from March 4, 1855, to March 3, 1857.[3] He declined to be a candidate for renomination in 1856.[3] He briefly resumed the practice of law in Philadelphia.[3]

Federal judicial service

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Cadwalader was nominated by PresidentJames Buchanan on April 19, 1858, to a seat on theUnited States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania vacated by JudgeJohn K. Kane.[1] He was confirmed by theUnited States Senate on April 24, 1858, and received his commission the same day.[1] His service terminated on January 26, 1879, due to his death in Philadelphia.[1][5] He was interred inChrist Church Burial Ground at the oldChrist Church in Philadelphia.[3] He was succeeded by JudgeWilliam Butler, who was nominated by PresidentRutherford B. Hayes.[6]

Personal life

[edit]
Portrait of the jurist's son, John Cadwalader Jr.
His granddaughter, Mary Cadwalader Rawle, painted byWilliam Oliver Stone (1868)

Cadwalader first married Mary Binney (1805–1831), daughter ofHorace Binney, anAnti-JacksonianUnited States Representative known for his public speeches; he founded theHasty Pudding Club atHarvard.[7] Together, Mary and John had two daughters, including:[8]

  • Mary Binney Cadwalader (1829–1861), who married William Henry Rawle.[9]
  • Elizabeth Binney Cadwalader (1831–1900), who married George Harrison Hare of theU.S. Navy.[9]

Following his first wife's death from complications of childbirth, he married Henrietta Maria Bancker (1806–1889) with whom he had six children, including:[10]

  • Charles Evert Cadwalader (1839–1907), who fought in theU.S. Civil War and later became a physician.[11]
  • Anne Cadwalader (1842–1927), who married Rev. Henry James Rowland, eldest son of William Rowland,[12] in 1878.[9]
  • John Cadwalader Jr. (1843–1925), who married Mary Helen Fisher, a daughter of J. Francis Fisher and Eliza Izard (née Middleton) Fisher.[13]

Descendants

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Through his eldest daughter Mary, Cadwalader was the grandfather ofMary Cadwalader Rawle (1850–1935),[14] who was married on March 24, 1870, toFrederic Rhinelander Jones (the brother ofEdith Wharton); their daughter in turn was landscape architectBeatrix Cadwalader Jones Farrand (1872–1959).[8][15]

Cadwalader's grandson, John Cadwalader III (1874–1934), became trustee of the estate of his aunt Sophia Georgiana (née Fisher) Coxe (1841–1926) which funded theMMI Preparatory School.[16]


Cadwalader family tree
icon
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John Cadwalader
(1677–1734)		Martha Jones
(1679–1747)
Thomas Cadwalader
(1708–1779)		Hannah Lambert
Elizabeth Lloyd
(1742–1776)		John Cadwalader
(1742–1786)		Williamina Bond
(1753–1837)		Lambert Cadwalader
(1742–1823)		Mary McCall
(1764–1848)
Archibald McCall
(1767–1843)		Elizabeth Cadwalader
(1774–1824)		Maria Cadwalader
(1776–1811)		Samuel Ringgold
(1770–1829)		Thomas Cadwalader
(1779–1841)		Thomas McCall Cadwalader
(1795–1873)		Maria Charlotte Gouverneur
(1801–1867)
George Archibald McCall
(1802–1868)		Samuel Ringgold
(1796–1846)		Cadwalader Ringgold
(1802–1867)		John Cadwalader
(1805–1879)		George Cadwalader
(1806–1879)		John Lambert Cadwalader
(1836–1914)
Mary Binney Cadwalader
(1829–1861)		William Henry Rawle
(1823–1889)		Emily Cadwalader
(1834–1892)
Frederic Rhinelander Jones
(1846–1918)		Mary Cadwalader Rawle
(1850–1923)
Beatrix Cadwalader Jones
(1872–1959)		Max Farrand
(1869–1945)
Notes:

References

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  1. ^abcdefghiJohn Cadwalader at theBiographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of theFederal Judicial Center.
  2. ^abcd"All-in-One Tree of John Cadwalader, Brg. Gen"(PDF).Cadwalader collection.Historical Society of Pennsylvania. RetrievedMarch 11, 2011.
  3. ^abcdeUnited States Congress."John Cadwalader (id: C000011)".Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  4. ^"APS Member History".search.amphilsoc.org. RetrievedApril 23, 2021.
  5. ^"Death of Judge Cadwalader: The Career of a Remarkable Jurist Ended"(PDF).The New York Times. Philadelphia (published January 27, 1879). January 26, 1879. p. 1. RetrievedJune 16, 2023.
  6. ^William Butler at theBiographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of theFederal Judicial Center.
  7. ^"Binney family papers 1809-1894".quod.lib.umich.edu.Manuscripts Division William L. Clements Library University of Michigan. RetrievedDecember 1, 2017.
  8. ^abCharles Penrose Keith (1883).The provincial councillors of Pennsylvania, who held office between 1733–1776: and those earlier councillors who were some time chief magistrates of the province, and their descendants. W.S. Sharp Printing Company. pp. 260,381–382.ISBN 9780788417658.{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  9. ^abcBrowning, Charles Henry (1891).Americans of Royal Descent: A Collection of Genealogies of American Families Whose Lineage is Traced to the Legitimate Issue of Kings. Porter & Costes. p. 138. RetrievedJune 14, 2023.
  10. ^"John Cadwalader Descent to Thomas F. Cadwalader II".Cadwalader Family Genealogy web site. Archived fromthe original on November 20, 2010. RetrievedMarch 11, 2011.
  11. ^"Dr. C.E. Cadwalader Dead.; Philadelphia Physician Dies of Heart Disease in London".The New York Times. London (published June 14, 1907). June 13, 1907. p. 7. RetrievedJune 16, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^Wainwright, Nicholas B. (1964).Colonial Grandeur in Philadelphia: The House and Furniture of General John Cadwalader. Historical Society of Pennsylvania. p. 78.ISBN 978-0-910732-05-5. RetrievedJune 14, 2023.{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  13. ^"John Cadwalader Ill.; Distinguished Philadelphia Lawyer Is 82 Years Old".The New York Times. York Harbor, Maine (published September 5, 1924). September 4, 1925. p. 17. RetrievedJune 16, 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  14. ^Welling, Richard (September 26, 1935)."The Late Mrs. Cadwalader Jones".The New York Times. p. 22. RetrievedJune 14, 2023.
  15. ^"Mrs Mary C. Jones, Social Leader, Dies; As Mrs. Cadwalader Jones She Was Long Member of Circle of Exclusive Aristocrats".The New York Times. September 23, 1935. p. 17. RetrievedJune 14, 2023.
  16. ^"John Cadwalader, III Collection"(PDF).Collection 3014.Historical Society of Pennsylvania. 2007. RetrievedMarch 11, 2011.

External links

[edit]
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
fromPennsylvania's 5th congressional district
1855–1857		Succeeded by
Legal offices
Preceded byJudge of theUnited States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
1858–1879		Succeeded by
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