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Johannes Theodor Baargeld was apseudonym ofAlfred Emanuel Ferdinand Grünwald (9 October 1892 – 16 or 17 August 1927), aGermanpainter andpoet who, together withMax Ernst, founded theCologneDada group. He also used the nameZentrodada in connection with Dada.
Baargeld was born inStettin (Szczecin),Prussian Pomerania. He studiedjurisprudence atOxford andBonn. Baargeld was the editor of the periodicalThe Fan (Der Ventilator) which Ernst andHans Arp started in 1919, and he collaborated on many other Dadaist publications such asBulletin D andDada W/3.
When war broke out in 1914, Baargeld enlisted and served as a reserve lieutenant for three years.[1]
After serving in the army, Baargeld began his literary career in 1917 by writing forPfemfert's journalDie Aktion. His contributions were mostly lyrical and political works. A year after he began writing forDie Aktion, Baargeld joined theIndependent Socialist Party of Germany (USPD).[1] Before establishing Dada, Baargeld had been the patron of a leftist periodical,Der Ventilator. The journal was the political and artistic means through which the would-be members of Dada, such asAngelika andHeinrich Hoerle, published satirical works.[1]
Baargeld also collaborated with Max Ernst on some of thecollages used in Ernst'sFatagaga series.
Baargeld gave up painting in 1921 and in 1927 died in anavalanche while climbingAiguille de Bionnassay in theFrench Alps.
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