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JoAnn Marie Burkholder | |
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| Born | 1953 (age 71–72) Rockford, Illinois |
| Alma mater | Iowa State University University of Rhode Island Michigan State University |
| Occupation | aquatic ecology professor |
| Known for | Causes of fish deaths |
JoAnn Marie Burkholder (born 1953) is an American professor ofaquatic ecology at theNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh. She was responsible for identifying the cause, a dinoflagellatePfiesteria piscicida and its toxins, of mass deaths of fish that posed a public health hazard. Her studies also helped in improving legislation to control pollution and eutrophication.
Burkholder was born in 1953 in Rockford, Illinois.
Burkholder received a bachelor's degree fromIowa State University in 1975 followed by an MS fromUniversity of Rhode Island (1981) and a Ph.D. fromMichigan State University in 1986.
Burkholder investigated fish deaths in a laboratory and found that the cause of that and deaths in North Carolina rivers were due to a dinoflagellatePfiesteria piscicida which was normally found in the bottom sediment where they feed on organic debris normally but infect fish during migrator runs. The toxins from the dinoflagellate also affect humans, causing skin irritation, breathing difficulties and memory loss. The fish-killing forms ofPfiesteria tended to be associated with high nutrient flows into waters from agricultural and urban waste. The identity of the organism causing the fish kill and the circumstances under which it occurs led to a big public debate as well as within the biological community and was the subject of a bookAnd the Waters Turned to Blood (1997) by Rodney Barker.[1][2] Her research led to improvements in laws to controlnon-point pollution.[3][4][5]
Burkholder received theScientific Freedom and Responsibility Award from theAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science in 1998.
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