| Jinmaku Kyūgorō | |
|---|---|
| 陣幕 久五郎 | |
 | |
| Personal information | |
| Born | Ishigura Shintarō (1829-06-04)June 4, 1829 Itō,Izumo,Japan |
| Died | October 21, 1903(1903-10-21) (aged 74) |
| Height | 1.74 m (5 ft 9 in) |
| Weight | 138 kg (304 lb) |
| Career | |
| Stable | Hidenoyama |
| Record | 87-5-65-17draws-3holds (Makuuchi) |
| Debut | November, 1850 |
| Highest rank | Yokozuna (July, 1867) |
| Retired | November, 1867 |
| Championships | 5 (Makuuchi, unofficial) |
Last updated: June 2013 | |
Jinmaku Kyūgorō (陣幕 久五郎; June 4, 1829 – October 21, 1903) was a Japanese professionalsumo wrestler from Itō,Izumo Province. He was the sport's 12thyokozuna and one of its most important record keepers and historians.
Jinmaku was born in Ou District,Izumo Province (modernMatsue,Shimane Prefecture). His real name wasIshigura Shintarō (石倉 槇太郎). In 1847, he became a pupil of a wrestler named Hatsushio Kyūgorō inOnomichi,Bingo Province (now inHiroshima Prefecture).[1] When Hatsushio died in 1848, he moved to Osaka and became a pupil of Asahiyama Shirouemon, fighting his first bout in 1850 and taking theshikona, or ring name,Kuroodoshi Makinosuke (黒縅 巻之助).[1][2] In 1850 he was sent in excursion toEdo (now modern day Tokyo) and briefly became a pupil ofHidenoyama Raigorō, the 9thyokozuna. He worked underTokushima Domain and took theshikonaJinmaku Kyūgorō (陣幕 久五郎). There he was known as one of the "Four Heavenly Kings ofAwa" along withKimenzan,Onaruto [ja] andNijigatake [ja], all of whom wrestled for the Tokushima.[2] He then moved under theMatsue Domain and thenSatsuma Domain to wrestle in Edo.[1] His change of affiliation laid the groundwork for a rivalry between Jinmaku and the other Tokushima domain wrestlers, which resulted in several grudge matches.[2]
He was absent from four consecutive tournaments from 1863 to 1865, and was expelled from one of these tournaments. He returned in November 1865 and becameōzeki in November 1866. He received ayokozuna licence by theGojō family [ja] and not the Edo-basedYoshida family. He was awarded an officialyokozuna licence in July 1867 but the November 1867 tournament became his last active tournament. It is said that he left Edo to informSaigō Takamori inKyoto of the burning of the Satsuma residence. In the context of theBoshin War he remained in Osaka to protectShimazu Tadayoshi from harm.[1] Thebanzuke, or ranking, was later revised and reprinted, and Jinmaku was given aharidashi rank and was also listed in the director's section.[1] He also appeared in the Osaka-sumo Tournament of March 1890, only performing a ring-entering ceremony.[1] He wasyokozuna for only one tournament.
Jinmaku won 87 bouts and lost only 5 bouts in the topmakuuchi division. All his defeats came when he was ranked as amaegashira andsekiwake. He is the only wrestler to have never lost a bout as ayokozuna. His winning percentage reached 94.6.[3]
Because of his insight and political links, he was appointed Osaka-sumo supervisor by the Governor ofOsaka Prefecture. With this momentum, Jinmaku worked hard to make Osaka-sumo independent and strengthened. On 6 June 1873, he organised a match at thetenran-zumō tournament at the Osaka Mint Palace, but Saigō Takamori was not satisfied with the organisation.[2] He also supervised two Osaka-yokozuna promotions.[1] He also managed astable with Asahiyama (formerkomusubi Hiraishi, deceased 1877). However, Osaka-sumo has been in constant turmoil, with many deserters and with the death of his collaborator Asahiyama, the power of Jinmaku rapidly declined. His other collaborator,Shiranui, died and he finally retired in September 1890. In 1901, he was called to the completion ceremony ofYasukuni Shrine'shaiden hall and performed a ring-entering ceremony.[1] Jinmaku died in 1903.
Jinmaku was known as a 'monument fanatic' as he was particularly active in building monuments related to sumo all over the country and spent his fortune on building various monuments.[1][2] In 1900, he erected theYokozuna Rikishi Memorial Monument in the grounds of theTomioka Hachiman Shrine in theKoto ward of Tokyo. It was the culmination of a lengthy personal project to properly acknowledge all his fellowyokozuna.[4] For the first time,Akashi Shiganosuke,Ayagawa Gorōji andMaruyama Gondazaemon were recognised as the first threeyokozuna.[4]
| - | Spring | Winter | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1858 | East Maegashira #6 5–0–2 3d | Called off due to fire | ||||
| 1859 | East Maegashira #7 3–0–6 1d | East Maegashira #2 6–2–1 1h | ||||
| 1860 | East Maegashira #2 4–1–3 2d | East Maegashira #2 5–0 2d | ||||
| 1861 | East Maegashira #2 9–0–1 Unofficial | East Maegashira #2 5–0–4 1d | ||||
| 1862 | East Maegashira #2 4–1–4 1d | East Maegashira #2 5–0–3 2d | ||||
| 1863 | East Sekiwake 7–0–2 1d | Sat out | ||||
| 1864 | Not enrolled | Sat out | ||||
| 1865 | Sat out | East Sekiwake 6–0–1 1d 1h Unofficial | ||||
| 1866 | East Sekiwake 6–1–2 1h | West Ōzeki 8–0–1 1d Unofficial | ||||
| 1867 | West Ōzeki 7–0–1 2d Unofficial | West Ōzeki 7–0–3 Unofficial | ||||
| 1868 | Retired – | x | ||||
| Record given aswin-loss-absent Top Division Champion Retired Lower Divisions Key: d=Draw(s) (引分); h=Hold(s) (預り); nr=no result recorded Yokozuna (not ranked as such onbanzuke until 1890) Ōzeki —Sekiwake —Komusubi —Maegashira | ||||||
*Championships for the best record in a tournament were not recognized or awarded before the 1909 summer tournament and the above unofficial championships are historically conferred. For more information seeyūshō.
| Preceded by | 12thYokozuna 1867–1867 | Succeeded by | ||
| Yokozuna is not a successive rank, and more than one wrestler can hold the title at once | ||||
| International | |
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| National | |
