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| Founder | Sang Sup Chun (Yun Moo Kwan founder) Dr. Yun Kwae-byung (first headmaster of Jidokwan) |
|---|---|
| Current head | Sung Wan Lee |
| Arts taught | Taekwondo (c.1955-1961 onwards,Kukkiwon system adopted in 1973) |
| Ancestor arts | Gwonbeop,Kong Soo Do[1] |
| Official website | Taekwondo Jidokwan |
| Jidokwan | |
| Hangul | 지도관 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 智道館 |
| Revised Romanization | Ji Do Gwan |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chi Do Kwan |
Jidokwan is one of theoriginal nine schools of the modernKorean martial arts that becameTaekwondo and was founded in what is nowSouth Korea at the end ofWorld War II. Its name translates as "School of Wisdom". The Jidokwan in Korea still exists today. It functions as a social fraternal order. Jidokwan supports and endorses theKukkiwon method of Taekwondo, and supportsWorld Taekwondo (formerly the World Taekwondo Federation)[citation needed]
Jidokwan means "the Way of Wisdom School" with "ji" (지) = wisdom, "do" (도) = way and "kwan" (관) meaning either hall, school or institute, depending on context[citation needed].
The foundations of what was to eventually become Jidokwan were laid down by GM CHUN Sang Sup, who was one of the earliest Koreans to bring Japanesekarate back to his homeland.
When he was seventeen years old, GM Chun relocated to Japan to attend College atTakushoku University in Japan, where he took upShotokan karate underGichin Funakoshi Sensei, the founder of that system and one of the first to bring karate (originally anOkinawan martial art) to Japan.
Upon GM Chun's return to his native Korea, he began teaching this fighting art at the Chosun Yun Moo Kwan school ofJudo (朝鮮硏武館 拳法部), one of the few martial arts schools the Japanese occupying forces allowed to remain open during the period of theirmilitary occupation of that country.
At this time, GM Chun became very close with another Korean practitioner of the Okinawan/Japanese fighting arts, GMYoon Byung-In, who was said to have also studied Ch'uan-fa[2] (another word forKung-fu) in Manchuria. GM Yoon eventually became aShudokan karate "Shihan" (Sabum or teacher) underKanken Tōyama Sensei while studying in Japan. Toyama Sensei was a colleague and fellow martial artist of Funakoshi Sensei, although he did not consider the karate he was teaching to be a distinct style that differed in form or substance from the generic brand of Shuri-based karate (derived from theShuri district inOkinawa where it initially evolved) that Funakoshi Sensei had introduced to Japan and which was eventually namedShotokan by Funakoshi Sensei's successors.
GM Chun and GM Yoon traveled extensively together to train with other martial artists inManchuria (northern China). They trained with each other so much that they came to be thought of as brothers. GM Yoon taught at GM Chun's ChosonYun Moo Kwan Kwon Bup Bu (권법무) for about six months before opening his own club, which he called theYMCA Kwon Bop Bu. GM Yoon's YMCA club later became theChang Moo Kwan, which was founded by his most senior students, including GM Lee Nam Suk.
During theKorean War, all schools of martial arts were closed in Korea, including the Chosun Yun Moo Kwan. Both GM Chun Sang-Sup and GMYoon Byung-In both vanished during the conflict.[1] After the war, the Chosun Yun Moo Kwan Kwo Bup Bu program (sometimes "Yun Mu Kwan") school was restarted with new teachers and a new name,Ji Do Kwan (or "Jidokwan"). Chun's former disciples votedDr. Yun Kwae-byung, who had background as the director of theKanbukan[2], as the first headmaster of Jidokwan.
Jidokwan was subsequently absorbed into the newly unified Korean system ofTae Kwon Do (Taekwondo), which translates as the Way of Foot and Fist, so that it ceased to exist as a distinct style of Korean "karate." However,Jidokwan still exists in Korea today as a fraternal order which endorses theKukkiwon martial arts system and supportsWorld Taekwondo. There are still branches of the oldYun Moo Kwan style practicing today although in some cases they may only be using the old "Yun Moo Kwan" name.[3][4] Some have gone their own way, with many adopting taekwondo-like formats and methods while others have ranged farther afield (e.g.,Nabi Su, a modern hybrid style that traces its roots back to the old 'Yun Moo Kwan' style although it's hardly recognizable as a form of traditional Korean karate today).
Taekwondo Jidokwan's philosophy is as follows (as published in the 2006 Jidokwan 60th Anniversary Handbook):
Leadership (Jidoja)
1. A leadership imbued with wisdom and refinement.
2. A courageous activist who thinks before his action.
3. A patriot who is devoted to the welfare of his/her nation.
The objectives of Instructor Education
1. To help maintain self-perfection which is respected by the public.
2. To help form an avant-garde in organizing national force to stop the aggressors.
3. To help achieve ideological innovation in taekwondo spirit.
4. To help actively participate in the service to the public for the community development.
5. To help foster high hopes and great ambition by encouraging savings.
The Spirit of the Eight Manners of Solemnity
1. View Rightly
2. Feel Rightly
3. Think Rightly
4. Speak Rightly
5. Order Rightly
6. Contribute Rightly
7. Have Ability
8. Conduct Rightly
Credo of Taekwondo Jidokwan
1. Taekwondo for myself.
2. Taekwondo for the Jidokwan.
3. Taekwondo for our country.
Jidokwan Pledge
1. I will observe the rules and absolutely obey the order of Jidokwan.
2. I will attain physical and mental discipline in the spirit of Jidokwan.
3. I will devote myself to the creation of new tradition and achievement of Jidokwan.