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Jian'ou 建瓯市 Kienow | |||||||||||||
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 Jian'ou Railway Station | |||||||||||||
| Nickname: 芝城, Root Craft City of China[citation needed] | |||||||||||||
 Location of Jian'ou City within Nanping City | |||||||||||||
  Jian'ou Location in Fujian | |||||||||||||
| Coordinates:27°02′N118°19′E / 27.033°N 118.317°E /27.033; 118.317 | |||||||||||||
| Country | People's Republic of China | ||||||||||||
| Province | Fujian | ||||||||||||
| Prefecture-level city | Nanping | ||||||||||||
| Government | |||||||||||||
| • CPC City Committee Secretary | Qiu Yi | ||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||
• Total | 4,199 km2 (1,621 sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Population (2020) | |||||||||||||
• Total | 434,451 | ||||||||||||
| • Density | 103.5/km2 (268.0/sq mi) | ||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) | ||||||||||||
| Local dialect | Northern Min:Jian'ou dialect | ||||||||||||
| Website | www.jianou.gov.cn | ||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 建瓯 | ||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 建甌 | ||||||||||||
| Postal | Kienou | ||||||||||||
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| Jianning | |||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 建宁府 | ||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 建寧府 | ||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Prefecture of Establishing Peace and/or Tranquility | ||||||||||||
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Jian'ou is acounty-level city inNanping in northernFujian province, China. Under the nameJianning (Kienning), it was formerly the seat ofits own prefecture and was the namesake of its province.
Jian'ou is within a major bamboo and rice-growing area on Jianxi Brook, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south fromJianyang.
TheJian'ou dialect, a dialect ofNorthern Min, is spoken in Jian'ou.
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The city was established in 196 under the name Jian'an – theera name of the reigningEmperor Xian of Han. Along withFuzhou, they were the earliest-established Chinese territories in the area and thus their province bears their conjoined names: Fu & Jian. The city was once the capital of the Fujian region and also served as the capital of the empire ofYin in AD 943.[1] In theSong dynasty, Jian'an became the seat of Jianning Prefecture (Jianning-fu).
Jian'ou was visited byMarco Polo in 1291 on his way fromHangzhou toQuanzhou. In hisTravels, dictated seven years later to a scribe writing inOld French, the name Jianning-fu is romanised asQuenlinfu.[2][3] The city is, he says,
"of considerable size, and contains three very handsome bridges, upwards of a hundred paces in length and eight paces in width. The men of the place are very handsome, and live in a state of luxurious ease. There is much raw silk produced here and it is manufactured into silk pieces of various sorts. Cottons are also woven of coloured threads, which are carried for sale to every part of the province ofMangi.[a] The people employ themselves extensively, and export quantities ofginger andgalangal. I have been told, but did not myself see the animal, that there are found at this place a species of domestic fowls which have no feathers, their skins being clothed with black hair, resembling the fur of cats. Such a sight must be extraordinary. They lay eggs like other fowls, and they are good to eat. The multitude of tigers renders traveling through the country dangerous, unless a number of persons go in company."[4]
Under theYuan dynasty, the name was changed from Jianning-Fu to Jianning-Lu. This was a result of an administrative restructuring: formerly, Jian'ou was the capital of the localfu, or prefecture. Jian'ou was made the capital of the locallu, a collection of prefectures still smaller than a province, and was renamed Jianning-Lu accordingly.[5]
| Climate data for Jian'ou, elevation 155 m (509 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.8 (83.8) | 32.4 (90.3) | 33.8 (92.8) | 35.3 (95.5) | 37.3 (99.1) | 38.0 (100.4) | 41.7 (107.1) | 41.7 (107.1) | 39.1 (102.4) | 37.1 (98.8) | 33.2 (91.8) | 27.9 (82.2) | 41.7 (107.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.1 (57.4) | 16.6 (61.9) | 19.7 (67.5) | 25.1 (77.2) | 28.8 (83.8) | 31.3 (88.3) | 34.9 (94.8) | 34.5 (94.1) | 31.6 (88.9) | 27.2 (81.0) | 21.7 (71.1) | 16.0 (60.8) | 25.1 (77.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 8.9 (48.0) | 11.1 (52.0) | 14.2 (57.6) | 19.3 (66.7) | 23.2 (73.8) | 26.1 (79.0) | 28.7 (83.7) | 28.2 (82.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 20.8 (69.4) | 15.6 (60.1) | 10.2 (50.4) | 19.3 (66.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.6 (42.1) | 7.6 (45.7) | 10.7 (51.3) | 15.4 (59.7) | 19.4 (66.9) | 22.5 (72.5) | 24.2 (75.6) | 24.1 (75.4) | 21.5 (70.7) | 16.6 (61.9) | 11.8 (53.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 15.5 (59.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.0 (23.0) | −4.0 (24.8) | −3.2 (26.2) | 3.7 (38.7) | 9.5 (49.1) | 13.7 (56.7) | 19.9 (67.8) | 18.0 (64.4) | 12.8 (55.0) | 4.0 (39.2) | −1.8 (28.8) | −7.2 (19.0) | −7.2 (19.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 72.6 (2.86) | 106.1 (4.18) | 217.4 (8.56) | 194.4 (7.65) | 257.5 (10.14) | 336.3 (13.24) | 139.7 (5.50) | 147.3 (5.80) | 92.7 (3.65) | 55.9 (2.20) | 72.1 (2.84) | 63.2 (2.49) | 1,755.2 (69.11) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.5 | 13.5 | 18.4 | 16.9 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 11.9 | 13.6 | 9.5 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 157.9 |
| Average snowy days | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 82 | 82 | 82 | 80 | 81 | 83 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 82 | 81 | 80 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 86.4 | 89.8 | 93.6 | 115.2 | 133.4 | 132.6 | 236.7 | 216.2 | 183.5 | 169.0 | 121.5 | 111.2 | 1,689.1 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 26 | 28 | 25 | 30 | 32 | 32 | 56 | 54 | 50 | 48 | 38 | 35 | 38 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[6][7] | |||||||||||||
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