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Jenin | |
|---|---|
| Arabic transcription(s) | |
| • Arabic | جنين |
| • Latin | Jinin(official) Janin(unofficial) |
| Hebrew transcription(s) | |
| • Hebrew | ג׳נין |
 Jenin skyline | |
  Jenin Location of Jenin withinPalestine | |
| Coordinates:32°27′40″N35°18′00″E / 32.46111°N 35.30000°E /32.46111; 35.30000 | |
| Palestine grid | 178/207 |
| State |  State of Palestine |
| Governorate | Jenin |
| West Bank area (Oslo II Accord) | Area A (Palestinian enclaves) |
| Government | |
| • Type | City |
| Area | |
• Total | 37,342 dunams (37.3 km2 or 14.4 sq mi) |
| Population (2017)[1] | |
• Total | 49,908 |
| • Density | 1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi) |
| (plus 10,371 inJenin refugee camp) | |
Jenin (/ʒɪˈniːn/zhin-EEN;Arabic:جنين,romanized: Jinīn,locally pronounced[ʒɪˈniːn]ⓘ) is a city in theState of Palestine in theIsraeli-occupied West Bank. The city serves as the administrative center of theJenin Governorate ofPalestine and is a major center for the surrounding towns.[2] Jenin came underIsraeli occupation in 1967 and was put under the administration of thePalestinian National Authority asArea A of the West Bank, aPalestinian enclave, in 1995.[3]
In 2017, Jenin had a population of approximately 50,000 people, whilst theJenin refugee camp had a population of about 10,000, housing families of Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes during the1948 Palestine War.[1][4] The camp has since become a stronghold ofPalestinian militants againstBritish colonialism and Israeli occupation, being the location of several incidents relating to theIsraeli–Palestinian conflict.
Jenin has been identified as the place "Gina" or "Ginah" mentioned in theAmarna letters from the 14th century BCE, as a town inCanaan.[5] Jenin is commonly identified with the later biblical city ofEin-Ganim,[6][7][8][9] fromHebrew:עֵין גַּנִּים, meaning "the spring of gardens"[10] or "the spring of Ganim",[11] probably referring to the many springs located nearby. The present-day Arabic name is believed to preserve the city's ancient name.[6]
Jenin is identified with a number of important towns mentioned in ancient sources. Throughout history, it was referred to as "Ein Ganim", "Beth Hagan", "Ginah", and "Ginae", along other names.[5][9]
Tell Jenin, believed to constitute the original settlement core of the city, is located at the center of what is today Jenin's business district.[6][12] The tell is also known asTell el-Nawar, a term derived from the Arabic word for "gypsies," due to former nomadic encampments in this site. The earliest settlement at the tell dates to the lateNeolithic and the earlyChalcolithic. In the early 20th century, the tell was occupied by a modern cemetery and a threshing floor.[13]
Jenin has been identified as the placeGina orGinah mentioned in theAmarna letters from the 14th century BCE. At the time, it was a vassal state of theNew Kingdom of Egypt.[14][5] The people of Gina managed to kill the warlordLabaya during the reign ofPharaohAkhenaten.[15]
Jenin is identical toEin-Ganim, which theHebrew Bible describes as aLevite city belonging to theIsraeliteTribe of Issachar.[5][9][16] It has also been associated withBeth-Haggan, mentioned in2 Kings in connection withAhaziah's flight fromJehu, before he is wounded atIbleam and later dies inMegiddo.[5][9][17] TheBook of Judith renders its name asGini.[6][5]
Josephus, aRoman-Jewish historian of the 1st-century CE, mentionsGinae as being in the great plain, on the northern border ofSamaria.[6][18][19] During the Roman period,Ginae was settled exclusively bySamaritans. Thepeople of Galilee were disposed to pass through their city during theannual pilgrimages to Jerusalem.[20] In 51 CE, a Galilean Jew was killed in Ginae by hostile Samaritans while en route to Jerusalem to celebrateSukkot. WithRoman procuratorCumanus failing to respond,Jewish Zealots led by Elazar the Son of Deinaeus (Ben Dinai) sought vengeance, and several Samaritan villages inAqrabatene were destroyed.[21][22]
Biblical commentatorF. W. Farrar raised the possibility that this Samaritan village, "the first village at which [a traveler taking the road from Galilee toJudea overMount Tabor] would arrive", was the one which rejected the disciples of Jesus inLuke's Gospel at the point where Jesus and his followers begin his journey towardsJerusalem.[23]
Ceramics dating from theByzantine era have been found here.[24] There is no mention of Jenin in the reports of theMuslim conquest of the Levant from the Byzantines, which, according to the historian Moshe Sharon, "is not surprising, since it was a small place of minor importance".[25]
Jenin came underCrusader rule in 1103.[26] The Crusaders called itLe Grand Guerin (Latin:Garinum orGallina Major),[25] to distinguish it from the town ofZir'in, which they calledPetit Grin.[26] Under the Crusaders it was a smallseigniory, forming part of thePrincipality of Galilee or theKingdom of Jerusalem.[25]
Shortly before theBattle of Hattin in 1187, Jenin was captured by theAyyubid sultanSaladin,[25] who destroyed the nearby fort, Castellum Beleismum.[27] In the 1220s, the geographerYaqut al-Hamawi described Jenin as "a small and beautiful town, lying betweenNabulus andBeisan, in the Jordan Province. There is much water, and many springs are found here, and often have I visited it."[28] In 1229, a peace was concluded betweenFrederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and Sultanal-Kamil, during theSixth Crusade, whereby the city was given to the Crusaders, but Sultanas-Salih Ayyub was able to control it permanently in 1244 after theBattle of La Forbie.[citation needed]
In 1255, it was agreed between the Ayyubid sultan in Syria,an-Nasir Yusuf, and the firstMamluk sultan in Egypt,Izz al-Din Aybak, to give the latter all of the lands lying west of theJordan River, and thus Jenin entered into the possession of the Mamluks.[citation needed] It was one of eleven subdistricts of Mamlakat Safad (Province ofSafed).[29] In the late 13th century, Mamlukemirs (commanders) stationed at Jenin were ordered by SultanQalawun (r. 1279–1290) "to ride every day with their troops before the fortress of 'Akka, so as to protect the coast and the merchants."[30] As one of the stations of the Mamlukbarid (postal route) between the Mamluk capitalCairo andDamascus, it was one of the towns where fires were lit to warn of aMongol attack.[29] The geographeral-Dimashqi mentioned Jenin around 1300.[31] From the time of Qalawun's son, Sultanan-Nasir Muhammad (r. 1299–1309, 1310–1341), it was a station on the route where ice was transported to Cairo for the sultans' drink houses.[29] The Mamluk historianal-Qalqashandi (d. 1418) described Jenin as "an ancient spacious town which is riding on a shoulder of a nice valley in which there is a river of flowing water" north ofQaqun "on the top end of Marj Bani Amer [Jezreel Valley]".[29] He also noted that it contained the mausoleum ofDihyah al-Kalbi, acompanion of the Islamic prophetMuhammad.[29]
TheOttomans conquered Mamluk Syria in 1516. Jenin became the administrative center of anahiya (subdistrict) of theLajjun Sanjak (Lajjun District).[29] The sanjak was officially called the Iqta (Fief) of Turabay until 1559 when it became officially known as the Lajjun Sanjak.[32] TheTurabay dynasty was the ruling house of theBedouin Banu Haritha tribe, whose members held the governorship of Lajjun from the start of Ottoman rule through 1677.[33]
Thetax registers from 1548 to 1549 report that Jenin had a population of eight households, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues; a total of 2,000akçe. All of the revenue went to awaqf (religious endowment) in the name of the Mamluk sultanQansuh al-Ghuri (r. 1501–1516).[34] Turabay rule was occasionally interrupted, including in 1564, when a certain Kemal Bey was appointedsanjak-bey (district governor) by the Ottomans.[35] On 15 October 1564 Kemal Bey requested from thebeylerbey (provincial governor) ofDamascus that the stonecaravanserai of Jenin be repaired, garrisoned and serve as the chief headquarters of the Lajjunsanjak-bey in order for Lajjun to prosper and for the road connecting Damascus toJerusalem andEgypt to become secure. The official response was that the caravanserai be turned into a fortress; the fortress became ruined at some later point and 19th-century residents of Jenin used to claim that certain large rocks strewn in the village were the remnants of the 16th-century fortress.[36]
The Turabays, who remained nomads in the plain betweenMount Carmel andCaesarea, made Jenin the administrative headquarters of Lajjun and used the town's Izz al-Din Cemetery to bury their dead.[37] A large, domed mausoleum was built for the grave of one of the chiefs andsanjak-beys of the family, Turabay ibn Ali (d. 1601). Known as Qubbat al-Amir Turabay (Dome of the Emir Turabay), it was described in a 1941 report as a ruined structure, and Sharon, writing in 2017, notes that it "does not exist anymore".[38] No other graves of the Turabays in Jenin had survived into the 20th century.[38] During the conflict betweenFakhr al-Din of theMa'n dynasty, who governed the sanjaks ofSidon-Beirut andSafed, and the Turabays, in 1623, Fakhr al-Din captured Jenin and stationed his men there. In 1624 the most prominent Turabay chief andsanjak-bey of Lajjun, Ahmad ibn Turabay, drove out the Ma'nid troops from Jenin and established his personal residence in the town.[39]
In the mid-18th century, Jenin was designated the administrative capital of the combined districts of Lajjun andAjlun.[40] There are indications that the area comprising Jenin and Nablus remained functionally autonomous under Ottoman rule and that the empire struggled to collect taxes there. During theNapoleonic Campaign in Egypt which extended into Syria and Palestine in 1799, a local official from Jenin wrote a poem enumerating and calling upon local Arab leaders to resist Bonaparte, without mentioning the Sultan or the need to protect the Ottoman Empire.[41]
In the late 19th century, some members of theJarrar family, who formed part of themallakin (elite land-owning families) in Jenin, cooperated with merchants inHaifa to set up an export enterprise there.[42] During the Ottoman era, Jenin was plagued by local warfare between members of the same clan.[43] The French explorerGuérin visited in 1870.[44] In 1882, thePEF'sSurvey of Western Palestine described Jenin as "The capital of the district, the seat of aCaimacam, a town of about 3,000 inhabitants, with a small bazaar. The houses are well built of stone. There are two families of Roman Catholics; the remainder are Moslems. A spring rises east of the town and is conducted to a large masonry reservoir, near the west side, of good squared stonework, with a long stone trough. This reservoir was built by 'And el Hady, Mudir of Acre, in the first half of the century [..], north of the town is the little mosque of 'Ezz ed Din, with a good- sized dome and a minaret."[45]
According to acensus conducted in 1922 by theBritish Mandate authorities, Jenin had a population of 2,637 (2,307 Muslims, 212 Hindus, 108 Christians, seven Jews, and three Sikhs).[46] A followingcensus in 1931 showed a slight increase to 2,706 (2,610 Muslims, 103 Christians, two Jews, and oneDruze) with another 68 in nearby suburbs (all Muslims).[47] From 1936, Jenin became a center of rebellion against theBritish Mandatory authorities. By the summer of 1938, residents of the city embarked on "an intensified campaign of murder, intimidation and sabotage" that caused the British administration "grave concern", according to a British report to theLeague of Nations;[48] the population had further increased to 3,100.[49] The city played an important role in the1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine, prompted by the death ofIzz ad-Din al-Qassam in a fire-fight with British colonial police at the nearby town ofYa'bad months prior to the start of the revolt. On 25 August 1938, the day after the British Assistant District Commissioner was assassinated in his Jenin office, a large British force with explosives entered the town. Despite having captured and killed the assassin, British forces ordered the inhabitants to leave, and blew up one quarter of the town as a form of punishment.[50]
Jenin was used byFawzi al-Qawuqji'sArab Liberation Army as a base.
Thevillage statistics of 1945 list the population as 3,990 (3,840 Muslims and 150 Christians).[51]
In the1948 Arab–Israeli War, the city was defended by theIraqi Army, then captured briefly by the forces from Israel'sCarmeli Brigade during the "Ten Days' fighting" following the cancellation of the first cease-fire. Prior to the battle, the city's residents fled temporarily.[52] The offensive was actually a feint designed to draw Arab forces away from the criticalBattle for Jerusalem, and gains in that sector were quickly abandoned when Arab reinforcements arrived.
In the wake of the1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the1949 Armistice Agreements, Jenin came underJordanian rule. It wasannexed by Jordan in 1950.
The Jenin refugee camp was founded in 1953 by Jordan to house displaced Palestinians who fled or were expelled during the 1948 War. In 2014 the camp had a population of 16,000. For 19 years, the city was under Jordanian control. A war cemetery for Iraqi soldiers and local combatants is located on the outskirts of Jenin.
TheJordanian census of 1961 found 14,402 inhabitants in Jenin.[53]
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Jenin has been underIsraeli occupation since theSix-Day War, in 1967.[citation needed]
On 14 May 1989, during the early months of theFirst Intifada. Mohammad Jibrin, aged 45, died inRamallah Hospital after being beaten byIsraeli soldiers in Jenin. Three months later, in response to a question from a member ofKnesset Defence MinisterYitzhak Rabin wrote that there was no investigation by the Military Police Investigator.[54]
According toJoel Beinin, Jenin was classified as under the administration of thePalestinian National Authority asArea A of the West Bank, aPalestinian enclave, in 1995.[3][verification needed] In 1996,Israel handed over control of the city to thePalestinian National Authority in keeping with theOslo Accords.[verification needed]
According to theBBC, the city is "Known among Palestinians" as "theMartyrs' capital", but the reason they gave was Israeli statistics aboutsuicide bombings, the BBC did not identify any non-Israeli source for the name.[55] During the SecondPalestinian uprising (also known as theAl-Aqsa Intifada) the camp's militants, some 200 armed men, included members ofAl-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades,Tanzim,Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) andHamas.[56][57] By Israel's count, at least 28suicide bombers were dispatched from the Jenin camp from 2000 to 2003 during theSecond Intifada.[56] Israeli army weeklyBamahane attributes at least 31 militant attacks, totaling 124 victims, to Jenin during the same period, more than any other city in the West Bank.[58]
During theal-Aqsa Intifada, Israel launchedOperation Defensive Shield with the stated aim of dismantling militant infrastructure so as to curb suicide bombings and other militant activities. The army encircled and entered six major Palestinian population centers in the West Bank, among them Jenin. During theBattle of Jenin (2002) in April 2002, 23 Israeli soldiers and 52 Palestinians, including civilians,[59][60] were killed.[61]Human Rights Watch reported that the refugee camp, which was the major battleground, suffered extensive damage. Witnesses stated unarmed people were shot and denied medical treatment, and as a result died. Human Rights Watch have regarded many killings to be unlawful such as the death of a 57-year-old wheelchair bound man who was shot and run over by a tank despite having attached a white flag on his wheelchair. A 37-year-old man who was paralysed was crushed under the rubble of his house, his family was not allowed to remove his body. A 14-year-old boy was killed as he travelled to purchase groceries during the temporary relief of the curfew that was imposed by the army. Medical staff were shot at (one nurse killed) while trying to reach the wounded even after clearly being in uniform displaying the red crescent symbol.[62] There have also been reports of Israeli soldiers using Palestinians as human shields, one father described how a soldier rested his rifle on his 14-year-old son's shoulder as he shot.[63] Israel denied the entry of rescue teams and journalists into Jenin even after they withdrew. Over the following years, Jenin was subject to extendedcurfews andtargeted killings.
During a gun-battle withIslamic Jihad militants whom Israel says were firing at troops from inside the UN compound, anIsraeli militarysniper shot and killed aUN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) employee,Iain Hook (54) on November 22, 2002.[64] The sniper reportedly mistook a cellphone in Hook's hands for a gun or grenade.[65]
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In the framework of theValley of Peace initiative, a joint Arab-Israeli project is under way to promote tourism in the Jenin region.[66] In 2010, 600 new businesses opened in Jenin.[67] TheCanaan Fair Trade is headquartered in Jenin.[68] Director ofThe Freedom Theatre in Jenin,Juliano Mer-Khamis, was killed by masked gunmen in the city in April 2011. Mer-Khamis co-founded the theatre withZakaria Zubeidi, former military chief of the al-Aqsa Brigades who had renounced violence.[69]
On 6 February 2020, a Palestinian policeman, Tarek Badwan, was shot dead by an Israeli sniper as he stood at the entrance to the Jenin police station and chatted with a colleague. No explanation has been forthcoming. The incident was recorded on video.[70]
On 17 June 2022, Israeli forces conducted a raid in the al-Marah area of the city. During the raid, Israeli forces opened fire on a car, killing three Palestinians and seriously injuring another.[71]
On 26 January 2023, Israeli forces killed nine in a clash with Islamic Jihad militants duringa raid in the city and refugee camp of Jenin.[72][73]
On 3 July 2023, shortly after 1 a.m., Israeli forcesattacked the city's refugee camp using drone-fired missiles and ground troops. Eight Palestinians died from injuries sustained during the attack and a further eighty were injured, nine of them critically.[74][75] Fifty Palestinians, whom Israeli forces labeled "militants", were arrested. Israeli forces cut offtelecommunications and electricity in the area and medical professionals struggled to reach the injured. Israel claimed that while they were targeting suspected members of theJenin Brigades, an armed group, they acknowledged that innocent people may have been injured or killed in the raid.Yoav Gallant, theIsraeli Minister of Defense, said "The operation is progressing as planned," andEli Cohen, theIsraeli Foreign Minister, said claimed the refugee camp had become a "center for terrorist activity" thanks to funding from Iranian sources.[76] The refugee camp has a population of roughly 17,000 inhabitants and is about a quarter a square mile in size.
On 19 September 2023, four Palestinians were killed during another Israeli military invasion of the city – among them a 15-year-old Palestinian boy, chased and killed for having noticed the Israeli undercover soldiers sneaking into the Jenin refugee camp.[77]
During theGaza war, Israeli forces carried outmultiple operations in Jenin. On October 22, 2023, the IDF conductedan airstrike targeting an underground compound beneath theAl-Ansar Mosque in the city. It was reported to be the first airstrike in the West Bank since the Second Intifada. The IDF stated that the strike aimed at operatives from Hamas and PIJ who were planning a terror attack.[78]
Jenin was severely damaged during theIsrael–Hamas war. By June 2024 repeated bombing attacks and incursions with bulldozers by Israeli forces razed every street and reduced every public square to rubble. In one incident on 21 May, according to journalistGideon Levy, an Israeli sniper shot dead bystanders, including surgeon Oussaid Jabareen, who was shot while on his way to work at the Jenin Government Hospital.[79][80]
In late August 2024 Israel launched a large-scale, multi-day raid on Jenin as part ofOperation Summer Camps, with one resident saying that "The water is cut off. The electricity is cut off, the sewage system is no longer working. All the infrastructure is destroyed, we no longer have any services that work." The governor of Jenin said that "The Israelis are besieging the hospitals and cutting off the city from the refugee camp, which has become a military zone with no access...neither the civil defence, nor the ambulances, nor the journalists can go and see what is happening there." The IDF, on the other hand, says that this is operation is "not extremely different from regular activity".[81][82] At least 20 Palestinians were killed by the IDF in this attack,[83][84] including a Palestinian man in his 80s.[84] Additionally, the Israeli forces fired at ambulances carrying "a dead and a wounded person",[84] leading to the injury of 2 EMTs and a volunteer doctor.[85]
Also in August, Israeli bulldozers destroyed miles of the city, including homes, businesses and infrastructure; Israeli soldiers blocked emergency responders from assisting residents. News reports include videos of this attack, as well as assertions by theIsrael Defense Forces that it is rooting out terrorism; and that it "undertakes all feasible precautions to avoid damaging essential infrastructure”, while acknowledging that these “operations in the area have caused unavoidable harm to certain civilian structures".[86]
In December 2024, the Palestinian Authority launched an anti-militant operation in Jenin, the largest in three decades, called "Protect the Homeland". The operation aims to regain control of the Jenin refugee camp, targeting militants and those fueling instability.[87][88]
On January 21, 2025, the IDF launched its own operation in Jenin, dubbedIron Wall, aimed at clearing Jenin of militants and putting a stop to light arms being smuggled into the city.[89][90] Operations in Jenin are ongoing. Around 100 homes have been demolished, residents are being prevented from returning to the area by military checkpoints, and Israeli tanks have been deployed.[91][92]
Jenin is situated at the foot of the rugged northernmost hills (Jabal Nablus) of theWest Bank, and along the southern edge of theJezreel Valley (Marj Ibn Amer),[93] which the city overlooks.[94] Its highest elevation is about 250 meters above sea level and its lowest areas are 90 meters above sea level.[95] Immediately southwest of Jenin is theSahl Arraba plain (Dothan Valley), while further south is theMarj Sanur valley.[96] About 1.5 kilometers to Jenin's east isMount Gilboa (Jabal Faqqua).[97]
Jenin is 42 kilometers north ofNablus, 18 kilometers to the south ofAfula, and 51 kilometers southeast ofHaifa.[98] The nearest localities areUmm at-Tut andJalqamus to the southeast,Qabatiya andZababdeh to the south,Burqin to the southwest,Kafr Dan to the west,Arranah,Jalamah and the Arab Israeli village ofMuqeible to the north,Deir Ghazaleh to the northeast, andBeit Qad andDeir Abu Da'if to the east.
Jenin municipality was established in 1886 under theOttoman rule with no more than 80 voters and elections were made every 4 years until 1982 when the Israeli government took control over the municipality until 1995.[citation needed]
List of Jenin mayors:[99]
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Municipal elections were held in Jenin on 15 December 2005. Six seats each were won byHamas and the local coalition ofFatah and thePopular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. Jenin was one of several Palestinian cities where Hamas showed a dramatic growth in electoral support.[100]Hadem Rida was then elected as Mayor of the city, until he was arrested by the Israel Forces and spent 3 years in jail. After his release, he resigned from the position and went back to practice in his clinic in Jenin city.[citation needed]
According to the 2017 census by thePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Jenin had a population of 49,908,[1] the Jenin Refugee Camp of 10,417[1] on 373dunams (92 acres). Some 42.3% of the population of the camp was under the age of 15.
| Year | Population Jenin City |
|---|---|
| 1596 | 8 households[34] |
| 1821 | ~1,500–2,000[101] |
| 1838 | ~2,000[102] |
| 1870 | ~2,000[103] |
| 1882 | ~3,000[104] |
| 1922 | 2,637[46] |
| 1931 | 2,706 + 68[105] |
| 1945 | 3,990[106][107] |
| 1961 | 14,402[53] |
| 1997 | 26,681[108] |
| 2007 | 39,004[4] |
| 2017 | 49,908[1] |
The ancient cemetery in Jenin houses the tomb of Sheikh Izz al-Din, aSufi saint of theRifa'i order. According to local traditions, he was a descendant ofAli Zayn al-Abidin, the grandson ofMuhammad and the sixthSh'ia Imam. According to a local tradition, Sheikh Izz al-Din fought alongsideSaladin against theCrusaders. The tomb possibly predates the cemetery, which served as a burial site for the people of Jenin and the Turabay dynasty. Another tomb in the same cemetery is al-Sheikh Tarabiya, where the Turabay emir Ahmad ibn Turabay ibn Ali al-Harithi is buried.[115]
TheArab American University is located in Jenin's vicinity.
Cinema Jenin is the largest movie theater in the area. The cinema, which reopened in 2010 after a 23-year intermission, has indoor and outdoor screens, a film library and educational facilities.[116]
Strings of Freedom is an orchestra in Jenin founded by anArab citizen of Israel, Wafaa Younis, who travels form her home in central Israel to teach music to the local youth.[117]
Jenin is well identified with a number of important sites: in the el-Amarna letters "The Land of Ginah" is mentioned (EA 250), which is probably the E7 of the 'Execration Texts' (Posener's group); in the Bible there is 'Ein Ganim' (see Kallai's opinion in EB VI: 207–208) and Beth Hagan (I Kgs 9: 27); in the Book of Judith, it appears as Ginei (Jdt 3: 11) and Ginae of the Roman period appears in Josephus (Ant. XX, vi, 1; War III, iii, 4); in the Moslem and the Crusader sources it appears under many names: Geninum, Le Grand Gerin, Major Gallina, Gerinum Magnum. These identifications refer to the tell and/or the settlement of Jenin
Etymology: Jenin was known in ancient times as the Canaanite village of "Ein-Ganim" or Tel Jenin. Tel Jenin, its name in Arabic, is located at the center of what is today Jenin's business center. The city of Ein-Ganim is mentioned in the Hebrew bible as the city of the Levites of the Tribe of Issachar. After some years, the city's name was changed to "Giant". In the book of Judith, the settlement is mentioned as "Gini". The Jewish historian Josephus also mentioned Ganim as a city in northern Samaria. The Arabic name "Jenin" ultimately derives from this ancient name.
Heb. עֵין גַּנִּים, en Ganim, 'the spring of gardens'
The name of Jenin was derived from Ein Ganim meaning "the spring of Ganim" and referring to the region's plentiful spring.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)Now as to the country of Samaria, it lies between Judea and Galilee; it begins at a village that is in the great plain called Ginea, and ends at the Acrabbene toparchy, and is entirely of the same nature with Judea
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)Known among Palestinians as the "Martyrs' Capital," at least 28 suicide bombers, by Israel's count, have been dispatched from the camp's squalid alleyways since the outbreak of the current intifada.
An Israeli soldier then fired at Mr. Hook inside the compound when he saw"an object which resembles a pistol" in his hand, the statement read.
The Palestinian Health Ministry in Ramallah said that a Palestinian man in his 80s was shot to death by the Israeli army outside his home in the West Bank city of Jenin. According to the Palestinian Red Crescent, the man, Tawfiq Ahmad Younes Qandil, was shot in Jenin's eastern neighborhood. Additionally, it said that IDF forces fired at ambulances carrying a dead and a wounded person.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)On the edge of the Old City, on Al-Nasira Street, is Jenin's main mosque, known as the Fatima Khatoun Mosque or Jamaa Al-Kebir, named after the wife of a Bosnian governor of Damascus under the Ottoman sultan Suleiman the Magnificant. Fatima Khatoun is said to have taken a liking to Jenin when she passed through on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1566 and to have established, or possibly renovated, this mosque on the site of an earlier one dating back to the first Islamic conquests of Palestine in the 7th century.
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