| Jeff Smith | |
|---|---|
 Smith at the 2018 Texas Book Festival | |
| Born | (1960-02-27)February 27, 1960 (age 65)[1][2] |
| Area | Cartoonist |
Notable works | Bone,Shazam! The Monster Society of Evil,RASL,Tüki Save the Humans |
| Awards | 2National Cartoonists Society Comic Book Awards 11Harvey Awards 10Eisner Awards |
Jeff Smith (born February 27, 1960)[1] is an Americancartoonist. He is best known as the creator of theself-publishedcomic book seriesBone.
Jeff Smith was born inMcKees Rocks, Pennsylvania[1] to William Earl Smith and Barbara Goodsell.[3] He grew up inColumbus, Ohio.[4]
Smith learned about cartooning through comic strips,comic books, and animated TV shows.[5] The strip he found to be the most entertaining wasCharles M. Schulz'sPeanuts. His father read it to him every Sunday, and it inspired him to learn to read.[6][7] Smith was also inspired byScrooge McDuck creatorCarl Barks,[6] whom Smith calls a "natural comic genius" for his ability to move characters effectively from panel to panel, and for their expressiveness. Alluding to the influence of Barks onBone, Smith commented, "I always wanted Uncle Scrooge to go on a longer adventure. I thought, 'Man, if you could just get a comic book of that quality, the length of say,War and Peace, orThe Odyssey or something, that would be something I would love to read, and even as a kid I looked everywhere for that book, that Uncle Scrooge story that was 1,100 pages long."[6] Another seminal influence was the television programThe Pogo Special Birthday Special, which Smith saw at age nine. The show was created byWalt Kelly andChuck Jones, whom Smith later called "two of my most favorite people". The day after that program aired, a girl brought her father'sPogo book to school and gave it to Smith, who says it "changed comics" for him. Smith keeps that book on a table next to his drawing board to this day,[6][8] and refers to Kelly as his "biggest influence in writing comics".[7]
Smith has citedMoby Dick as his favorite book, citing its multi-layered narrative and symbolism, and placed numerous references to it inBone. He has also citedHuckleberry Finn as a story after which he attempted to patternBone structurally, explaining, "the kinds of stories I’m drawn to, likeHuckleberry Finn, are the ones that start off very simple, almost like children’s stories...but as it goes on, it gets a little darker, and the themes become a little more sophisticated and more complex—and those are really the kinds of stories that just get me going." Other influences in this regard include the originalStar Wars trilogy,J.R.R. Tolkien'sThe Lord of the Rings and the classic fairy tales and mythologies that inspired those works.[6]
Smith says the earliest forerunner drawings of what later became Bone and his cousins occurred when he was about five, and sitting in his living room drawing, and he drew what looked like an old C-shaped telephonehandset receiver, which emerged as a frowning character with its mouth wide open. Elements of that character and its demeanor found their way into the character Phoney Bone, the upset cousin to Bone. His name is derived from Fonebone, the generic surname thatDon Martin gave to many of the characters that appeared in hisMad magazine strips.[6] Smith began to create comics with theBone characters as early as 1970, when he was about 9 years old.[9]
Smith graduated in 1978 fromWorthington High School inWorthington, Ohio, a suburb of Columbus, where he was a classmate ofJim Kammerud. Later on, in 1986, Smith and Kammerud co-founded Character Builders, an animation studio in Columbus where Smith worked until 1992.[10][11] After high school, Smith attended theOhio State University, and while there he created a comic strip calledThorn for the student newspaper,The Lantern, which included some of the characters who later featured in theBone series.[12][13] He also studied animation.[6]
After graduating from college, Smith and his two friends, Jim Kammerud and Marty Fuller, started an animation studio called Character Builders Inc. Their first paid job was producing a 60-second animated opening for the TV seriesSuper Safari with Jack Hanna. Other jobs followed for clients such asWhite Castle, sequences in films that the studio was given when other studios fell behind, and aclaymation project that they were given following the rise in popularity ofThe California Raisins. Initial budgets were restrictive for the studio, which required the animators to be resourceful in order to meet their deadlines. Smith sometimes did thevoice work as well as the animation on certain projects, and the animators sometimes had family members come in on some evenings to paint animation cells. Though Smith found the projects exciting, he realized that it was not the type of cartooning he wanted to do, which was complicated by periods in which the studio had no work. It was during one of these slow periods that Smith reconsidered his career. Drawn to the idea that he could produce his own animated-type story but in the comics medium, and convinced byFrank Miller'sThe Dark Knight Returns,Art Spiegelman'sMaus andAlan Moore'sWatchmen that a serious comic book with a beginning, middle and end structure was both artistically and commercially viable, Smith decided to produceBone.[6]
In 1991, Smith launched his company,Cartoon Books, in order to publish the series.[5] Initially, Smithself-published the book, which meant that he did all the work required to both produce and distribute the series as a business, including answering letters, doing all the graphics and lettering (which he did by hand), sending the artwork to the printer, handling orders and bookkeeping. This made it difficult to focus on writing and drawing the book, and as a result, he fell behind in his production. To remedy this, he asked his wife, Vijaya, to quit her lucrative job at aSilicon Valley startup company in order to run the business side of Bone as the President of Cartoon Books. As a result, Smith was able to refocus on drawing, and sales improved.[6] Smith published 55 issues of theBone comic book between 1991 and 2004. The black and white comic book proved extraordinarily successful in terms of both critical response and sales. It has since been collected in a number of trade paperback and hardback collections, including a series of nine books that collect all 55 issues, originally published by Cartoon Books in black and white, and later reissued in color by the Graphix imprint ofScholastic. In 2004, when Cartoon Books released a "mammoth" one-volume black and white collection of the entire nine-volume series,Time critic Andrew Arnold calledBone "the best all-ages graphic novel yet published".[14]
In 1994 Smith created an original cover forDan DeBono'sIndy: The Independent Comic Guide (issue 13), and was interviewed to help to promote his and otheralternative comics. Two additional volumes,Stupid, Stupid Rat Tails andRose, collect a number ofBone prequel comics created by Smith and his collaborators.
In 1995 French publisherDelcourt acquired the rights to translateBone into French. The translator of the first four French volumes was Alain Ayroles who would be inspired by Smith's storytelling and go on to write the successfulGarulfo series, among others.[15]
In 2003, Smith began work forDC Comics on a miniseries starringCaptain Marvel, a superhero of which Smith is a fan.[16] The series, entitledShazam! The Monster Society of Evil, was published in fourprestige format issues in 2007, and later collected into a hardcover edition.
In 2007,Fantagraphics Books named Smith as the designer for an upcoming series of books collecting the complete run of Walt Kelly'sPogo. He also designed the cover art forSay Anything's albumIn Defense of the Genre.
Smith released the first issue ofRASL, "a stark, sci-fi series about a dimension-jumping art thief with personal problems", in February, 2008. A six-page preview was shown on the 2007San Diego Comic-Con. Originally intendingRASL to be released in an oversized format, Smith consulted with retailers who unanimously cautioned him against the unconventional size.[17][18] Smith later self-publishedRASL as a standard-sized, ad-free, black and white comic book. The first trade paperback, titledThe Drift, is in stores in the originally intended oversized format.
Smith's art was featured in a pair of museum shows in Columbus in mid-2008: "Jeff Smith: Bone and Beyond" at theWexner Center for the Arts, and "Jeff Smith: Before Bone" at theCartoon Research Library ofOhio State University.[19] The exhibits were featured in a segment on thePBS news programThe NewsHour with Jim Lehrer on July 21, 2008.
In 2009, Smith was featured inThe Cartoonist: Jeff Smith, BONE, and the Changing Face of Comics, a documentary film on his life and work.[6][20]
In September that same year,Toon Books, the children's book line launched by cartoonistArt Spiegelman andNew Yorker art editorFrançoise Mouly, releasedLittle Mouse Gets Ready, a 32-page children's graphic novel written by Smith and aimed at very young "emerging readers". In a February 2009Newsarama interview, Smith noted that the book featured another character Smith created in his childhood, "a little gray mouse with a little red vest".[21][22]
In March 2013, Smith said his next project would be awebcomic series calledTüki: Save the Humans, which tells the story of the first human to leave Africa.[23][24] The web publication began in November 2013[25] and the print version was first released in July 2014.[26] The fourth issue was delayed due to a hand injury, sustained by Smith,[27] but after its release in February 2016 the series was put on hiatus in June 2016 due to the need to rework the strip.[28]
From 2013[29] to 2018,[30] Smith served on the board of theComic Book Legal Defense Fund, a non-profit organization founded in 1986 chartered to protect theFirst Amendment rights of the comics community.
Smith helped found the annualCartoon Crossroads Columbus festival, which debuted in 2015. He serves as artistic director of the convention.[31]
Smith lives in Columbus, Ohio,[10][32] with his wife and business manager, Vijaya Iyer.[6][33]
On August 13, 2023, Smith suffered acardiac arrest. As a result, the remainder of his book tour was cancelled.[34][35]
For his work onBone, Smith has received numerous awards, among them tenEisner Awards and elevenHarvey Awards. In 1995 and 1996 he won theNational Cartoonists Society's award for Comic Books.[36]
In 2022Tuki: Fight for Fire was included in theAmerican Library Association's list of the Best Graphic Novels for Adults Reading List.[37]
