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Jebli Arabic

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Arabic dialect of northern Morocco
Jebli
Jebelia
Native toMorocco
EthnicityJbalas,Ghomaras
Language codes
ISO 639-3(included inMoroccan Arabic [ary])
Glottologjebl1238

Jebli (Jebelia) is apre-Hilalian Arabic dialect spoken in the mountains of northwesternMorocco.[1][2]

The historical development of this Moroccan dialect is unclear.

The wordjebli means "of/from the mountain". It is mainly spoken in the westernRif by tribes ofSherifian,Berber andMorisco descent over the past ten centuries.

  • Jbalas: all its 44 tribes speak Jebli Arabic;
  • Ghomaras: out of nine tribes, seven are fully Jebli-speaking, the two remaining are partially Jebli-speaking, with a significantGhomara Berber-speaking community;
  • Sanhajas de Srayr: three arabophone tribes – Targuist, Aït Bouchibet, Aït Gmil[3] – while Ketama is both Berberophone and Arabophone. Therefore, out of twelve tribes, the remaining (eight) speakSanhaja Berber[4][5];
  • Riffians: out of twenty tribes, six are fully or partially Arabophone; among them, four speak Mountain Arabic − Aït Itteftf, Aït Boufrah, Mestasa and Metioua − while the last one (Settout) speak Hilalian Arabic;
  • Tribes ofZerhoun (Zerahnas) and the neighborhood ofSefrou (Kechtala, Behalil and Yazgha): although not belonging to the same ethno-linguistic group than Jebalas, their pre-Hilalian dialects are sometimes classified as belonging to the same macro-family (westernmost pre-Hilalian village dialects) as Jebli.

Jebli is influenced byBerber; most of the words are Arabic but the vocabulary is highly influenced by Spanish.

Examples of Jebli

[edit]
JebliEnglish translationSource language/etymology
trawzezblue jeanstrousers (English)
assallasdarknessasellas "darkness" (Berber)
karretēracar roadcarretera "paved road/highway" (Spanish)
ntinayou(Classical Arabic)
âyyəl, ṭfelboyعائلة "family" (Classical Arabic); cf. Egyptian Arabic: ˤayyel "child" Or i3eyallen iyyalen in (Berber)
sṭiṭulittle(Berber)
ħamiwarmحام "feverish" (Classical Arabic); cf. Iraqi Arabic: ħɑ̄mi "warm"
qaylasunقائلة "resting" (spec. at noon time); due to the time of rest when the sun was at its highest point at noon (Classical Arabic)
jjrodogjaru "puppy" (Classical Arabic)
yəmmamom(Berber)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Fernández, Montserrat Benítez; Guerrero, Jairo (2022-11-01)."The Jebli speech between the media and the city: exploring linguistic stereotypes on a rural accent in Northern Morocco".International Journal of the Sociology of Language.2022 (278):181–202.doi:10.1515/ijsl-2022-0015.hdl:10261/288467.ISSN 1613-3668.
  2. ^Laaboudi, Daouia (2021-08-01)."Discourse Marking Variation in Moroccan Arabic: Requests as a Case Study".International Journal of Arabic Linguistics.7 (2):109–122.ISSN 2421-9835.
  3. ^Les Tribus Du Rif. p. 19.
  4. ^Senhaja Berber Varieties Phonology, Morphology, And Morphosyntax.
  5. ^Esteban Ibáñez (1959).Diccionario Español Senhayi. pp. 20–21.
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