James Strachan-Davidson | |
|---|---|
 Portrait byGeorge Reid,c. 1911 | |
| Born | James Leigh Strachan (1843-10-22)22 October 1843 Byfleet, Surrey, England |
| Died | 28 March 1916(1916-03-28) (aged 72) Oxford, England |
| Burial place | Holywell Cemetery, Oxford |
| Occupations | |
James Leigh Strachan-Davidson (né Strachan; 22 October 1843 – 28 March 1916) was an Englishclassical scholar, academic administrator, translator, and author of books onRoman history. He wasMaster of Balliol College, Oxford, from 1907 until his death in 1916.
James Leigh Strachan was born inByfleet, Surrey, southernEngland, to James Strachan, a Scottish merchant, and Mary Anne Richardson. He was the eldest among three brothers and had a half-sister from his father's first marriage. His mother died while they were still children and his father remarried.[1] In 1861, he and his father took the surname of Davidson[2] when the family inherited a small estate in Ardgaith,Perthshire.[3]
Strachan-Davidson was enrolled at Leamington College at the age of eleven as day-boy.[4] Though not considered to be a robust boy, he playedcricket well enough to be a part of the college team.[5] In 1862, he enrolled as a Warner Exhibitioner in Balliol College, Oxford,[6] where he studied the classics.[3] He won the Jenkyns Exhibition in the college in 1864 and was appointed as afellow of the college in 1866 after his finals.[7] He graduated from Oxford with first-class honours in bothClassical Moderations (1864)[8] andLiterae Humaniores (1866).[9] He actively participated in theOxford Union, held the posts of secretary and librarian, and was appointed as the president of the society in 1867.[10][11]
He was appointed as the Classical tutor atBalliol College in 1872 and mainly lectured in the field of Roman history.[12] He became the senior dean of the college in 1875, who was also the president of the college's Common Room, and acting head in the master's absence.[13] He was elected to the chairmanship of the board of Faculty of Arts in 1893.[14] He received the honorary degree ofDoctor of Civil Law (DCL) from the University of Oxford for his contributions to the study of Romancriminal law.[15][16] UponEdward Caird's resignation due to poor health, he was unanimously elected as themaster of Balliol College,[17] in 1907; a position he held until his death in 1916.[18][19]
In 1899, he was appointed by thecolonial secretary,Joseph Chamberlain, to a committee considering the position of students holding UK scholarships granted by colonial governments.Lord Cromer consulted him about teachingArabic to men appointed to the Egyptian and Sudanese civil service in 1903–04.[20]
Over the course of his many debates as part of the Oxford Union, he spoke in favour of theConfederate States in theAmerican Civil War,[10]Bismarck's policies, and the end of Turkish rule in Europe.[21] He also consistently supportedwomen's suffrage, and advocated that "international morality demanded thatEngland relinquish India."[22] He also spoke againstLord Palmerston's policy of non-intervention in theSchleswig-Holstein question.[21] He was firmly liberal on the matter of education and University reform and espoused the importance of character and attainments over party adherence for University representatives.[23]
He was consulted extensively by the Civil Service Commissioners during the reformation of the entrance examination of theIndian Civil Service.[24] He believed that the mental and moral discipline, wide view and grasp of fundamentals granted by the study ofLiterae Humaniores was crucial to the Service and drew up a memorandum to that effect, for itsRoyal Commission in June 1913.[25]
Strachan-Davidson was devoted to his work at Balliol College and never married. He believed that the college should be as "wife and children" to a fellow of the college.[26] He was a friend of the English authorPaul Ferdinand Willert[27] and was godfather to his daughter, Dorothy.[28] He was also close to his family doctor Robert Slack whose daughter Mary was his godchild.[29] He had another goddaughter, Margaret Bowlby, daughter of Henry Bowlby, headmaster ofLancing College.[30] His closest friend was his contemporary, the English classical scholarEvelyn Abbott, with whom he spent most of his vacations.[31]
Strachan-Davidson died on 28 March 1916 due tocerebral hemorrhage caused byatherosclerosis and was buried inHolywell Cemetery in Oxford. A bronze tablet was placed in Balliol Chapel in his commemoration.[19]
He had acquired around 1500 to 1600 Greek and Roman coins during his many visits to Egypt, Italy, and Sicily. They mainly dated to the Macedonian, Ptolemaic, and Imperial Roman periods. This collection wasbequeathed to Balliol College upon his death, and then given toAshmolean Museum as per his wishes.[23]
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| Academic offices | ||
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| Preceded by | Master of Balliol College, Oxford 1907–1916 | Succeeded by |
