James Ingo Freed (June 23, 1930 – December 15, 2005) was an American architect born inEssen, Germany. After coming to the United States at age nine with his sister Betty, followed later by their parents, he studied at theIllinois Institute of Technology, where he graduated with a degree in architecture.

In the late 1970s, he was a member of theChicago Seven and dean for three years of the School of Architecture at hisalma mater. He worked for most of his career based in New York, and went beyond the Internationalist and modernist styles. In partnership withI.M. Pei, in their firm known asPei Cobb Freed & Partners, he worked on major United States public buildings and museums.

James Ingo Freed was born in 1930 inEssen, Germany to a German-Jewish family. The family left Germany in 1939, when Freed was nine years old, to escape the regime ofNazi Germany. They immigrated to the United States and settled in Chicago. He graduated fromHyde Park High School.^[1]

In 1953, Freed received a bachelor's degree in architecture from theIllinois Institute of Technology.

Freed first worked in Chicago and New York City, including withLudwig Mies van der Rohe, a prominent modernist architect.

In 1956, he began working withI.M. Pei in New York at the firm eventually known asPei Cobb Freed & Partners.

In the late 1970s, Freed was a member of theChicago Seven, a group which emerged in opposition to thedoctrinal application ofmodernism, as represented particularly in Chicago by the followers of Mies van der Rohe.

From 1975 to 1978, Freed was dean of the School of Architecture at the Illinois Institute of Technology, whose campus had been designed by van der Rohe. He also taught atCooper Union,Cornell University, theRhode Island School of Design,Columbia University, andYale University.

Freed's major works include theJacob K. Javits Convention Center inNew York City, the San Francisco Main Public Library, and theUnited States Air Force Memorial inArlington, Virginia next to the Pentagon, which was still under construction at the time of his death. His bright white-and-glass design of88 Pine Street (Wall Street Plaza) won an award.^[2] He designed several major buildings in Washington, D.C.: theRonald Reagan Building and International Trade Center and theUnited States Holocaust Memorial Museum. He worked withI.M. Pei on the design of theKips Bay Plaza project in New York City. In 1988, he was elected into theNational Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full Academician in 1994.

In 1995, Freed was awarded theNational Medal of Arts.^[3]

He died on December 15, 2005, ofParkinson's disease, at age 75 in his home in Manhattan, in New York City.

• 
  Ronald Reagan Building, Washington, D.C.
• 
  Wall Street Plaza (88 Pine Street), New York, NY

• Chicago Seven (architects)

• Biography: James Freed, Pei Cobb Freed & Partners website
• Special focus page: Biography on James Freed, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
• Dunlap, David W. (December 17, 2005)."James Ingo Freed, 75, Dies; Designed Holocaust Museum".The New York Times. RetrievedMay 5, 2010.

• 1930 births
• 2005 deaths
• 20th-century American architects
• 21st-century American Jews
• American male non-fiction writers
• American neoclassical architects
• American people of German-Jewish descent
• Deaths from Parkinson's disease in New York (state)
• Fellows of the American Institute of Architects
• Hyde Park Academy High School alumni
• Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
• James Ingo Freed buildings
• Jewish American non-fiction writers
• Jewish American architects
• Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
• Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States
• Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
• Modernist architects from the United States
• People from Essen
• People from the Rhine Province

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