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James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose

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British politician (1755–1836)

His Grace The Duke of Montrose KG KT PC


President of the Board of Trade
In office 7 June 1804 – 5 February 1806
Monarch	George III
Prime Minister	William Pitt the Younger
Preceded by	The Earl of Liverpool
Succeeded by	The Lord Auckland

Personal details
Born	(1755-09-08)8 September 1755
Died	30 December 1836(1836-12-30) (aged 81)
Nationality	British
Spouses	Lady Jemima Ashburnham (m. 1785; died 1786) Lady Caroline Montagu (m. 1790)
Children	6, includingGeorgiana,Lucy, andJames
Parents	William Graham, 2nd Duke of Montrose Lady Lucy Manners

James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose,KG,KT,PC (8 September 1755 – 30 December 1836), styledMarquess of Graham until 1790, was a British politician.

Background

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Montrose was the son ofWilliam Graham, 2nd Duke of Montrose, and Lady Lucy Manners, daughter ofJohn Manners, 2nd Duke of Rutland.^[1]

Political career

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Shield of arms of James Graham, 3rd Duke of Montrose, KG, KT, PC

Montrose wasMember of Parliament forRichmond from 1780, and forGreat Bedwyn from 1784 to 1790, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom. According to Robert Bain, Scotland can thank him for the repeal in 1782 of theDress Act 1746 prohibiting the wearing oftartans.^[2] He served as aLord of the Treasury from 1783 to 1789, and as co-Paymaster of the Forces from 1789 to 1791. He was appointed aPrivy Counsellor andVice-President of the Board of Trade in 1789. He wasMaster of the Horse from 1790 to 1795, and from 1807 to 1821, Commissioner for India from 1791 to 1803,Lord Justice General of Scotland from 1795 to 1836,President of the Board of Trade from 1804 to 1806,Lord Chamberlain from 1821 to 1827 and from 1828 to 1830.

He was appointedColonel of theFifeshire Militia when that regiment was first raised in 1798, and given the rank ofBrevet Colonel in the army while the regiment was embodied. He was replaced by a professional military officer when the regiment as reorganised in 1802.^[3]

He was appointed aKnight of the Thistle in 1793, resigning from the Order when appointed aKnight of the Garter in 1812. He wasChancellor of the University of Glasgow from 1780 to 1836,Lord Lieutenant of Huntingdonshire from 1790 to 1793,Lord Lieutenant of Stirlingshire from 1795 until his death, andLord Lieutenant of Dumbartonshire from 1813 until his death.

Graham was a very effective member of the House of Commons, especially when speaking on Scottish topics. Early in his career as a minister underWilliam Pitt the Younger, Graham was attacked in theRolliad:

——Superior to abuse,

He nobly glories in the name of GOOSE;

Such Geese at Rome from the perfidious Gaul

Preserv'd the Treas'ry-Bench and Capitol, &c. &c

Family

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Montrose was twice married. He married firstly Lady Jemima Ashburnham, daughter ofJohn Ashburnham, 2nd Earl of Ashburnham, in 1785. His first wife died in September 1786, aged 24 (following the death of their only son born on 4 September 1786, who died as an infant in April 1787).

After her death, he married secondlyLady Caroline Montagu, daughter ofGeorge Montagu, 4th Duke of Manchester andElizabeth Montagu, Duchess of Manchester, on 24 July 1790. They had seven children:

Lady Georgiana-Charlotte, born 1791. MarriedGeorge Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea.
Lady Caroline, born September 1792.
Lady Lucy, born October 1793. MarriedEdward Herbert, Viscount Clive (Later 2nd Earl of Powis). Grandson ofClive of India.
James Graham, 4th Duke of Montrose, born 16 July 1799.
Lady Martha, died in infancy.
Lady Emily, born in 1805. MarriedEdward Thomas Foley, grandson ofLord Foley.
Montagu-William, born February 1807.^[4]^[5]

References

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^Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1970).Armorial families: a directory of gentlemen of coat-armour. Rutland: Charles E. Tuttle. p. 790.
^Bain, Robert (1959). Margaret O. MacDougall (ed.).Clans & Tartans of Scotland (revised). P.E. Stewart-Blacker (heraldic advisor), foreword by The R. Hon. C/refountess of Erroll. William Collins Sons & Co., Ltd. p. 108.
^London Gazette, 17 July 1798.
^Collins, Arthur (1812).Collins's Peerage of England; Genealogical, Biographical, and Historical. F. C. and J. Rivington, Otridge and son.
^Innes, Anne (1827).Sams's annual peerage of the British empire [ed. by A., E. and M. Innes].

Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by Charles Dundas William Norton	Member of Parliament forRichmond 1780–1784 With:Sir Lawrence Dundas 1780–1781 George FitzWilliam 1781–1784	Succeeded by Murrough O'Brien Charles Dundas
Preceded by Sir Merrick Burrell Paul Methuen	Member of Parliament forGreat Bedwyn 1784–1790 With:Robert Manners 1784–1790 Lord Doune 1790–1792	Succeeded by Lord Doune Viscount Stopford
Political offices
Preceded by William Grenville	Vice-President of the Board of Trade 1789–1790	Succeeded by Dudley Ryder
Preceded by William Grenville	Co-Paymaster of the Forces 1789–1791	Succeeded by Dudley Ryder
Preceded by The Duke of Montagu	Master of the Horse 1790–1795	Succeeded by The Earl of Westmorland
Preceded by The Earl of Liverpool	President of the Board of Trade 1804–1806	Succeeded by The Earl Bathurst
Preceded by The Earl of Carnarvon	Master of the Horse 1807–1821	Succeeded by The Duke of Dorset
Preceded by The Marquess of Hertford	Lord Chamberlain 1821–1827	Succeeded by The Duke of Devonshire
Preceded by The Duke of Devonshire	Lord Chamberlain 1828–1830	Succeeded by The Earl of Jersey
Legal offices
Preceded by The Earl of Mansfield	Lord Justice General 1795–1836	Succeeded by Lord Granton
Academic offices
Preceded by The 2nd Duke of Montrose	Chancellor of the University of Glasgow 1781–1836	Succeeded by The 4th Duke of Montrose
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Duke of Montagu	Lord Lieutenant of Huntingdonshire 1790–1793	Succeeded by The Duke of Manchester
New office	Lord Lieutenant of Stirlingshire 1794–1836	Succeeded by The Lord Abercromby
Preceded by The Lord Elphinstone	Lord Lieutenant of Dunbartonshire 1813–1836	Succeeded by Sir James Colquhoun, Bt
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by William Graham	Duke of Montrose 1790–1836	Succeeded by James Graham

v t e Presidents of the Board of Trade
Shaftesbury Bridgewater Stamford Weymouth Stamford Winchilsea Guilford Berkeley Suffolk Holderness FitzWalter Monson Halifax Sandys Townshend Shelburne Hillsborough Dartmouth Hillsborough Nugent Hillsborough Dartmouth Sackville Carlisle Grantham Sydney Liverpool Montrose Auckland Bathurst Clancarty Robinson Huskisson Grant Vesey-Fitzgerald Herries Auckland Thomson Baring Thomson Labouchere Ripon Gladstone Dalhousie Clarendon Labouchere Henley Cardwell Stanley Henley Donoughmore Gibson Northcote Richmond Bright Parkinson-Fortescue Adderley Sandon Chamberlain Richmond Stanhope Mundella Stanley Hicks Beach Mundella Bryce Ritchie Balfour Salisbury Lloyd George Churchill Buxton Burns Runciman Stanley Geddes Horne Baldwin Cunliffe-Lister Graham Cunliffe-Lister Runciman Stanley Duncan Lyttelton Duncan Llewellin Dalton Lyttelton Cripps Wilson Shawcross Thorneycroft Eccles Maulding Erroll Heath Jay Crosland Mason Noble Davies Walker Benn Varley Joseph Jenkin Shore Dell Smith Nott Biffen Cockfield Parkinson Tebbit Brittan Channon Young Ridley Lilley Heseltine Lang Beckett Mandelson Byers Hewitt Johnson Darling Hutton Mandelson Cable Javid Clark Fox Truss Trevelyan Badenoch Reynolds Kyle

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat
National	United States
People	Deutsche Biographie
Other	SNAC Yale LUX

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