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Jainism has had a notable following inGujarat.[1] According to the 2011 Census of India, around 0.959% of the population of Gujarat is Jain.[2] There are several old Jain temples that draw pilgrims from Jains around the world in places such asPalitana,Taranga,Sankheshwar,Idar.
Jains believe that their 22ndTirthankara (propagators of the Jain religion)Neminath attainedMoksha/Nirvana onGirnar in Gujarat. Many other holy Kalyanak places are present in Gujarat like Palitana(Shatrunjaya), Girnar, etc. Many other monks have also got attained Moksha in Gujarat; especially on the holy mountains of Girnar andShatrunjaya. TheJain councils were held inVallabhi c. 5th century CE.[3] Their canonical scriptures were written down during this council. KingVanaraja Chavda (c. 720-780 CE) of theChavda dynasty was brought up by a Jain monk named Shilaguna Suri.
Jain temples are found in Gujarat from as early as the 6th and 7th centuries CE. It was patronized by theChaulukyas andChavadas.[4]Dhank Caves (3rd-7th century CE) in Rajkot district has Jain Tirthankara carvings. Northern Gujarat became a principle center of Jainism in the 13th century CE.[5]
The earliest knownOld Gujarati textBharat-Bahubali Ras, was written by a Jain monk Shalibhadra Suri.[6] Of the most important people in Gujarat's Jain history were the AcharyaHemachandra Suri and his pupil, theChaulukya rulerKumarapala.
Major ancient Jain centers include:
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See also :Jain temples in North America | |
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