A small section of the Jadoon tribe – using theethnonymGadun – speaks Pashto, but the rest of the tribe in the Hazara region has been assimilated into theHindkowanHazarewal community and speaksHindko.[2] SirOlaf Caroe, aBritish Raj-era administrator of theNWFP, counts the Jadoon tribe under thePanni sub-division in the genealogy of the Gharghasht in his bookThe Pathans.[7] According to the historian Ĭuriĭ Vladimirovich Gankovskiĭ (Yuri V. Gankovskiy), professor of Pakistan Studies atInstitute of Oriental Studies inMoscow, the Jadoons were a tribe ofIndo-Aryan origin that were assimilated by theKakar.[8]
Genetics
Y haplogroup and mtdna haplogroup samples were taken from Jadoon,Yusufzai,Sayyid,Gurjar andTanoli men living in Swabi District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. Jadoon men are of predominantly East Asian paternal ancestry with West Eurasian maternal ancestry and a lesser amount of South Asian maternal ancestry according to a Y and mtdna haplogroup test indicating local females were marrying immigrant males during the medieval period. Y Haplogroup O3-M122 makes up the majority of Jadoon men, the same haplogroup carried by the majority (50-60%) of theHan Chinese. 82.5% of Jadoon men carry Q-MEH2 and O3-M122, which are both of East Asian origin. O3-M122 was absent in the Sayyid population and appeared in low numbers among Tanolis, Gurjars and Yusufzais. There appears to be founder effect in the O3-M122 among the Jadoon.[9] 76.32% of Jadoon men carry O3-M122 while 0.75% of Tanolis, 0.81% of Gurjars and 2.82% of Yusufzais carry O3-M122.[10][11]
56.25% of Jadoons in another test were found to carry West Eurasian maternalHaplogroup H (mtDNA).[12] Dental morphology of the Swabi Jadoons was also analyzed and compared to other groups in the region like Yusufzais and Sayyids.[13]
^May also be written asGadoon on older historical books The original name of the tribe wasZhadoon, but was changed to Gadoon due to the hard dialect of Pashto, and due to grammar habits of the tribes of thePeshawar valley with the tendency to change the letters ژ into ج, the variantJadoon appeared[1]
