Jacques Philippe Marie Binet | |
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| Born | (1786-02-02)2 February 1786 Rennes, France |
| Died | 12 May 1856(1856-05-12) (aged 70) Paris, France |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics,physics, andastronomy |
Jacques Philippe Marie Binet (French:[binɛ]; 2 February 1786 – 12 May 1856) was a Frenchmathematician,physicist andastronomer born inRennes; he died inParis,France, in 1856. He made significant contributions tonumber theory, and the mathematical foundations ofmatrix algebra which would later lead to important contributions byCayley and others. In his memoir on the theory of theconjugate axis and of the moment of inertia of bodies he enumerated the principle now known asBinet's theorem. He is also recognized as the first to describe the rule formultiplying matrices in 1812, andBinet's formula expressingFibonacci numbers in closed form is named in his honour, although the same result was known toAbraham de Moivre a century earlier.
Binet graduated from l'École Polytechnique in 1806, and returned as a teacher in 1807. He advanced in position until 1816 when he became an inspector of studies at l'École. He held this post until 13 November 1830, when he was dismissed by the recently sworn inKing Louis-Philippe of France, probably because of Binet's strong support of the previous King,Charles X. In 1823 Binet succeededDelambre in the chair ofastronomy at theCollège de France.[1] He was made aChevalier in theLégion d'Honneur in 1821, and was elected to theAcadémie des Sciences in 1843.
TheFibonacci sequence is defined by
Binet's formula provides aclosed-form expression for the term in this sequence:
Given:
a simplified version of Binet's formula is:
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