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Jacob Palis

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Brazilian mathematician (1940–2025)

Jacob Palis
Born(1940-03-15)15 March 1940
Died7 May 2025(2025-05-07) (aged 85)
Alma materUniversity of California, Berkeley
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Known forDynamical systems
Chaos theory
Palis' conjectures[1][2][3][4]
AwardsPremio México de Ciencia y Tecnología (2000)
Balzan Prize (2010)
Abdus Salam Medal (2015)
Scientific career
FieldsMathematics
InstitutionsInstituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada
Doctoral advisorStephen Smale
Doctoral studentsArtur Oscar Lopes
Ricardo Mañé
Welington de Melo
Carlos Gustavo Moreira
Enrique Pujals
Marcelo Viana

Jacob Palis Jr. (15 March 1940 – 7 May 2025) was a Brazilian mathematician and academic. Palis's research interests were mainlydynamical systems anddifferential equations. Some themes areglobal stability andhyperbolicity,bifurcations,attractors andchaotic systems. He proposed thePalis' conjectures (which form thePalis' program),[5] which influenced the development of the theory of dynamical systems, and also of its applications to other sciences.[6] He was a world leader inchaos theory research.[7] Palis was an influential figure in the development of mathematics in Brazil.[8]

Life and career

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Jacob Palis was born inUberaba, Minas Gerais. His father was aSyrian immigrant, and his mother was ofLebanese ancestry. The couple had eight children (five men and three women), and Jacob was the youngest. His father was a merchant, owner of a large store, and supported and funded the studies of his children. Palis said that he already enjoyed mathematics in his childhood.[9][10]

At 16, Palis moved to Rio de Janeiro to study engineering at theUniversity of Brazil – nowUFRJ. He was approved in first place in the entrance exam, but was not old enough to be accepted; he then had to take the university's entry exam again a year later, at which again he obtained first place. He completed the course in 1962 with honours and receiving the award for the best student.[10]

In 1964, he moved to the United States. In 1966, he obtained his master's degree in mathematics under the guidance ofStephen Smale at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, and in 1968 his PhD, with the thesisOn Morse-SmaleDiffeomorphisms, again with Smale as advisor.[11][12]

In 1968, he returned to Brazil and became a researcher at theInstituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA) inRio de Janeiro, Brazil.[11]Beginning in 1973 he held a permanent position as professor at IMPA, where he was director from 1993 until 2003. He was Secretary-General of theThird World Academy of Sciences from 2004 to 2006, and elected its president in 2006[13] and remained on position till December 2012. He was also president of theInternational Mathematical Union from 1999 to 2002.[14] He was president of theBrazilian Academy of Sciences from 2007 to 2016.[15] Palis advised more than fortyPhD students so far from more than ten countries, includingArtur Oscar Lopes,Ricardo Mañé,Welington de Melo,Carlos Gustavo Moreira,Enrique Pujals andMarcelo Viana.[16]

Palis died at a hospital inRio de Janeiro, on 7 May 2025, at the age of 85. He had been hospitalized since March.[17]

Awards and honors

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Palis received numerous medals and decorations. He was a foreign member of several academies of sciences, including theUnited States National Academy of Sciences, theFrench Academy of Sciences andGerman Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.[18] In 2005 Palis received theLegion of Honor.

He was a member of theNorwegian Academy of Science and Letters.[19] In 2010, he was awarded theBalzan Prize for his fundamental contributions in the mathematical theory of dynamical systems that has been the basis for many applications in various scientific disciplines, such as in the study of oscillations.[20][21] He was also a recipient of the 1988TWAS Prize.[22]

Selected publications

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  • On Morse-Smale Dynamical Systems, Topology 19, 1969 (385–405).doi:10.1016/0040-9383(69)90024-X
  • Structural Stability Theorems, withS. Smale, Proceedings of the Institute on Global Analysis, American Math. Society, Vol. XIV, 1970 (223–232).
  • Cycles and Bifurcations Theory, with S. Newhouse, Asterisque 31, Société Mathématique de France, 1976 (44–140).
  • The Topology of Holomorphic Flows near a Singularity, with C. Camacho andN. Kuiper, Publications Math.Institut Hautes Études Scientifiques 48, 1978 (5–38).
  • Moduli of Stability and Bifurcation Theory, Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Helsinki, 1978 (835–839).
  • Stability of Parameterized Families of Gradient Vector Fields, withF. Takens, Annals of Mathematics 118, 1983 (383–421).doi:10.2307/2006976
  • Cycles and Measure of Bifurcation Sets for Two-Dimensional Diffeomorphisms, with F. Takens, Inventiones Mathematicae 82, 1985 (397–422).doi:10.1007/BF01388862
  • Homoclinic Orbits, Hyperbolic Dynamic and Fractional Dimensions of Cantor Sets (Lefschetz Centennial Conference) Contemporary Mathematics - American Mathematical Society, 58, 1987 (203–216).
  • Hyperbolicity and Creation of Homoclinic Orbits, with F.Takens, Annals of Mathematics 125, 1987 (337–374).doi:10.2307/1971313
  • On the C1 Omega-Stability Conjecture, Publications Math. Institut Hautes Études Scientifiques, 66, 1988 (210–215).
  • Bifurcations and Global Stability of Two-Parameter Families of Gradient Vector Fields with M. J. Carneiro, Publications Math. Institut Hautes Études Scientifiques 70, 1990 (103–168).
  • "Homoclinic Tangencies for Hyperbolic Sets of Large Hausdorff Dimension", withJ. C. Yoccoz,Acta Mathematica172, 1994, pp. 91–136.
  • High Dimension Diffeomorphisms Displaying Infinitely Many Sinks, withM. Viana, Annals of Mathematics 140, 1994 (207–250).doi:10.2307/2118546
  • A Global View of Dynamics and aConjecture on the Denseness of Finitude of Attractors.Astérisque. France:, v. 261, pp. 339–351, 2000.
  • Homoclinic tangencies and fractal invariants in arbitrary dimension, withC. Moreira and M. Viana, C R Ac Sc Paris., 2001.doi:10.1016/S0764-4442(01)02085-7
  • Nonuniformily hyperbolic horseshoes unleashed by homoclinic bifurcations and zero density of attractors, with J.-C. Yoccoz, C R Ac Sc Paris., 2001.doi:10.1016/S0764-4442(01)02139-5
Books published
  • Geometric Theory of Dynamical Systems, with W. de Melo. Springer-Verlag, 1982; also published in Portuguese, Russian and Chinese.
  • Hyperbolicity and Sensitive-Chaotic Dynamics at Homoclinic Bifurcations, Fractal Dimensions and Infinitely Many Attractors, with F. Takens. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1993; Second Edition, 1994.

References

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  1. ^Christian Bonatti; Lorenzo J. Díaz; Marcelo Viana (30 March 2006),Dynamics Beyond Uniform Hyperbolicity: A Global Geometric and Probabilistic Perspective, Springer Science & Business Media, p. 9,ISBN 978-3-540-26844-4
  2. ^Berger, Pierre (2014). "Generic family with robustly infinitely many sinks".arXiv:1411.6441v2 [math.DS].
  3. ^"Jacob Palis Conjecture(Finitude of Attractors)(Dynamical Systems)".Open Problem Garden.
  4. ^"Palis' conjectures: a quest for a global qualitative view of most dynamical systems"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 23 March 2023.
  5. ^Carlos Matheus, "PALIS’ CONJECTURES: A QUEST FOR A GLOBAL QUALITATIVE VIEW OF MOST DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS",to Jacob Palis on the occasion of his 80th anniversaryhttp://carlos.matheus.perso.math.cnrs.fr/ems-palis.pdf
  6. ^"In Memoriam | ICTP".www.ictp.it. Retrieved5 August 2025.
  7. ^"Jacob Palis, spécialiste de la théorie du chaos, a été moteur dans l'émergence de l'école mathématique brésilienne".www.lemonde.fr. 21 May 2025. Retrieved5 August 2025.
  8. ^"Nada como a incerteza - revista piauí".piaui.folha.uol.com.br. 29 July 2014. Retrieved5 August 2025.
  9. ^"Revista Pesquisa Fapesp"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved16 April 2015.
  10. ^abRio PesquisaArchived 24 September 2015 at theWayback Machine
  11. ^ab"Sobre o início e consolidação da pesquisa matemática no Brasil – Parte II" [On the beginning and consolidation of mathematical research in Brazil – Part II](PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 18 September 2020. Retrieved7 February 2022.
  12. ^"Jacob Palis Presidente da Academia Brasileira de Ciências"(PDF).abc.org.br. p. 1. Retrieved7 April 2024.
  13. ^"Palis Elected TWAS President". Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2007. Retrieved4 November 2006.
  14. ^"International Mathematical Union (IMU): EC 1952-2014". Archived fromthe original on 8 January 2015. Retrieved3 June 2015.
  15. ^"Jornal da Ciência". Archived fromthe original on 29 November 2012. Retrieved22 August 2012.
  16. ^"Jacob Palis, Jr. - the Mathematics Genealogy Project".
  17. ^Morre aos 85 anos no Rio o matemático Jacob Palis(in Brazilian Portuguese)
  18. ^"Jacob Palis". German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. Retrieved26 May 2021.
  19. ^"Gruppe 1: Matematiske fag" (in Norwegian).Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. Archived fromthe original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved7 October 2010.
  20. ^Balzan Prize winners in 2010Archived 19 July 2011 at theWayback Machine, from the website of theFondazione internazionale Premio Balzan
  21. ^Notices of the AMS, Volume 58, Number 1, pages 66 and 67
  22. ^"Prizes and Awards". The World Academy of Sciences. 2016.

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