Jacob Abraham Maryson (1866–1941^[1]) was a Jewish–American anarchist, doctor,^[2] essayist and Yiddish translator.^[3] Maryson was among the fewPioneers of Liberty who could write in English.^[3] He was among the Pioneers who launched theVarhayt in 1889, the first American anarchist periodical in Yiddish.^[4]

Maryson was the second editor of the Yiddish anarchist newspaperFraye Arbeter Shtime in 1890, followingRoman Lewis.^[3] He briefly returned to the editorship for a few months followingSaul Yanovsky three decades later, but only lasted a few months after refusing to publish a pro-Communist article.^[5] Yanovsky had developed an opposition among anarchists for his disavowal ofLeon Czolgosz'sassassination of William McKinley, Maryson was among his detractors despite being more politically moderate than Yanovsky. In 1906, he advocated for anarchists to join in electoral politics to encourage governmental decentralization and counteractstate socialism.^[6] Maryson sidestepped the Jewish radical community's debate over whether to endorse an autonomous, Jewish, socialist, self-governing territory.^[7]

Maryson contributed to a variety of other Yiddish publications^[8][9] and became known as "the Kropotkin of the Jewish anarchist movement".^[7] DuringFraye Arbeter Shtime's hiatus in the late 1890s, Maryson assisted in the cultural and literary journalDi Fraye Gezelshaft.^[10] Beginning in 1911, he edited the anarchist periodicalDos Fraye Vort.^[11] Maryson organized the Kropotkin Literary Society to print Yiddish translations of European thinkers.^[9] Maryson handled some of the group's most challenging translations,^[12] including Marx'sDas Kapital, Stirner'sThe Ego and His Own, and Thoreau'sCivil Disobedience.^[1] He also translatedJohn Stuart Mill'sOn Liberty.^[13] Maryson later wroteThe Principles of Anarchism in 1935.^[1]

He married the intellectual and doctorKatherina Yevzerov, who became known for her writings on "the woman question" in the Yiddish radical press^[14] and onwomen's suffrage.^[15]

• The Principles of Anarchism (1934, trans. 1935)^[16]
• Physiology (1918–1925; four volumes, in Yiddish)OCLC 32119919
• Mother and Child: Practical Advice for Mothers on How to Take Care of Themselves During Pregnancy and How to Rear Children (1912, in Yiddish)
• Anarchism and Political Activity (1907)

• 1866 births
• 1941 deaths
• 19th-century American essayists
• 19th-century American Jews
• 19th-century American male writers
• 19th-century American non-fiction writers
• 19th-century American physicians
• 20th-century American essayists
• 20th-century American Jews
• 20th-century American male writers
• 20th-century American non-fiction writers
• 20th-century American physicians
• 20th-century anarchists
• American anarchist writers
• American male essayists
• American male non-fiction writers
• American translators
• Editors of Fraye Arbeter Shtime
• Jewish American non-fiction writers
• Jewish anarchists
• Jewish physicians
• Jewish translators
• Translators to Yiddish
• Yiddish-language writers

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