JGR/JNR Class C51 Central China Ry Pashina class (パシナ) China Railways SL9 (勝利9)
Preserved C51 5 atOme Railway Park, May 2006
Type and origin Reference:[1] Power type Steam Builder Kisha Seizō,Mitsubishi, JNR - Hamamatsu Build date 1919-1928 Total produced 289
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-6-2 Gauge 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Leading dia. 940 mm (3 ft 1 in) Driver dia. 1,750 mm (5 ft 9 in) Trailing dia. 940 mm (3 ft 1 in) Wheelbase 10 m (32 ft 10 in) Length 19.994 m (65 ft 7.2 in) Loco weight 69.6 t Total weight 113.8 t Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 8 t Water cap. 17 m3 (4,491 US gal) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 2.53 m2 (27 sq ft) Boiler pressure 13 kg/cm2 (180 lbf/in2) Heating surface 127.4 m2 (1,371 sq ft) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 41.4 m2 (446 sq ft) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 53 cm × 66 cm (21 in × 26 in) Valve gear Walschaerts
Performance figures Maximum speed 99.1 km/h (61.6 mph)
Career Retired 1966 Disposition Four preserved (all in Japan), remainder scrapped

TheClass C51 (C51形) are a type of4-6-2 "Pacific" type steam locomotives built byKisha SeizoMitsubishi andJapanese National Railways (JNR)Hamamatsu Works. The C classification indicates three sets of driving wheels. The C51 introduced 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) diameter driving wheels to Japan. C51s raised the average speed on theTōkaidō Main Line from 47.3 km/h (29.4 mph) to 55.3 km/h (34.4 mph). In 1930, a C51 hauled the firstTsubame (swallow) express, reducing travel time betweenTokyo andKōbe to 9 hours.^[1]

To alleviate a severe motive power shortage, sixteen JGR Class C51 locomotives, C51 8, 28, 30, 33 - 35, 88, 95, 96, 116, 130 - 132, 173, 175, and 178, all equipped with a Sumiyama feedwater heater, were converted to standard gauge and sent to theCentral China Railway in 1939, where they operated primarily betweenNanjing andShanghai, at first with their original JGR numbers, later asパシナ (Pashina) class. After the Liberation of China and the establishment of thePeople's Republic, these becameChina Railway classㄆㄒ9 (PX9) in 1951, and reclassified as classSL9 (勝利9,Shènglì, "victory") in 1959.^[2]

As of 2012, four Class C51 locomotives were preserved at various locations.

• C51 5: At theRailway Museum inSaitama, Saitama (formerly preserved outdoors at theOme Railway Park inOme, Tokyo^[3]
• C51 44: At Akita Depot inAkita, Akita^[3]
• C51 85: At Kagoshima Depot inKagoshima, Kagoshima^[3]
• C51 239: At theUmekoji Steam Locomotive Museum inKyoto^[3]

• Japan Railways locomotive numbering and classification
• JGR Class 8900
• JNR Class C52

Wikimedia Commons has media related toC51 steam locomotives.

• Railway locomotives introduced in 1919
• 4-6-2 locomotives
• 2′C1′ h2 locomotives
• Steam locomotives of Japan
• Kisha Seizo locomotives
• Mitsubishi locomotives
• 1067 mm gauge locomotives of Japan
• Steam locomotives of China
• Standard-gauge locomotives of China
• Passenger locomotives

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