John Horace ParryCMG,MBE (Handsworth,Birmingham, England, 26 April 1914 –Cambridge, Massachusetts, 25 August 1982) was a distinguished maritime historian, who served asGardiner Professor of Oceanic History and Affairs atHarvard University.
John Parry was the son of a teacher, Walter Austin Parry and his wife Ethel Piddock. He was educated atClare College, Cambridge, where he also completed his PhD in history in 1938. On 18 March 1938, he married Joyce Carter. Together they had three daughters and a son. His academic career was interrupted by World War II, during which he served as an officer in the Royal Navy in 1940–1945, rising to become a lieutenant-commander. He was torpedoed three times. For his war service, he was appointed as aMember of the Order of the British Empire in 1942.
Upon demobilization, Parry returned toClare College, Cambridge, where he was tutor in history 1945–1949. He served additionally as senior proctor, 1947–48 and university lecturer in history, 1946–1949. In 1949, he was appointed professor of modern history at the newly establishedUniversity College of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica, an appointment he held until 1956.[1]
In 1954–55, he was visiting professor atHarvard University, then returned briefly to Jamaica before being appointed principal ofUniversity College, Ibadan, Nigeria in 1956. Parry remained in that post until 1960, when he was selected as principal of theUniversity College of Swansea. In 1963 he became vice-chancellor of theUniversity of Wales, Cardiff. where he remained until he was selected asGardiner Professor of Oceanic History and Affairs atHarvard University.[2] He was the second scholar to hold the Gardiner chair, succeedingRobert G. Albion.[3]
While at Harvard he taught a sequence of courses devoted to sailing, European expansion, and the establishment of overseas empires. For a year following retirement, he held the Visiting Harrison Chair of History at theCollege of William and Mary.[4]
His early work dealt with Spain's overseas empire, focusing on the theory and structure of colonial rule, with a series of monographsThe Spanish Theory of Empire,The Audiencia of New Galicia in the Sixteenth Century: A Study in Colonial Government (1948) andThe Sale of Public Office in the Spanish Indies under the Hapsburgs (1953). These were followed by works with a larger scope,Europe and a Wider World, 1415-1715 (1949), and a volume with a shorter time span and more focused,The Age of Reconnaissance, Discovery, Exploration and Settlement, 1450-1650 (1963) and a companion volume of documents,The European Reconnaissance. Selected Documents (1968). He continued in the vein of maritime empires, publishingTrade and Dominion. The European Overseas Empires in the Eighteenth Century (1971). What one scholar has called Parry's "masterpiece" isThe Spanish Seaborne Empire (1966).[5]
He died of a heart attack at his home on Wednesday 25 August 1982.
