Júlio de Castilhos | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location in Rio Grande do Sul state | |
  Júlio de Castilhos Location in Brazil | |
| Coordinates:29°13′37″S53°40′54″W / 29.22694°S 53.68167°W /-29.22694; -53.68167 | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Region | South |
| State | Rio Grande do Sul |
| Mesoregion | Centro Ocidental Rio-Grandense |
| Microregion | Santiago |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,929.38 km2 (744.94 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 513 m (1,683 ft) |
| Population (2020[1]) | |
• Total | 19,224 |
| • Density | 9.9638/km2 (25.806/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| Postal code | 98130-xxx |
| Website | www |
Júlio de Castilhos is amunicipality of the central part of thestate ofRio Grande do Sul,Brazil. The population is 19,224 (2020 est.) in an area of 1,929.38 km².[2] Its elevation is 529 m (Praça "João Vieira de Alvarenga"), 516 m at the meteorological station and 503.81 m at the railway station. It is located 627 km west of the state capital ofPorto Alegre, northeast ofAlegrete. The city is considered the Brazilian capital of theCharolais cattle.
The municipality is named after the Brazilian advocate, journalist and politicianJúlio Prates de Castilhos.
According to historian Firmino Costa, the land was Indian and was part of theSpanish Empire until 1801, when it was annexed toPortugal.
The first pioneers came from the statesSão Paulo andParaná. In 1812 or 1813, João Vieira de Alvarenga, about 24, with his wife, Maria Rosa de Morais, and his first son, Manoel, claimed lands between the pioneer cities with the title Sesmaria, which it received in 1826. In 1834, the municipality ofCruz Alta was founded and was separated fromRio Pardo.
The municipality was created from the lands of the district ofSão Martinho, in Cruz Alta. In 1876, with the emancipation of São Martinho, the district of Povo Novo was created. On July 14, 1891,, the municipality of Vila Rica (the new name of Povo Novo) separated from São Martinho.
The first municipal elections were held in 1896, with Capitão Luiz Gonzaga de Azevedo as the winner and the first mayor. In 1905, the city was renamed to its current name, Júlio de Castilhos.
| Climate data for Júlio de Castilhos, elevation 490 m (1,610 ft), (1976–2005) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.9 (84.0) | 28.1 (82.6) | 27.0 (80.6) | 23.9 (75.0) | 20.7 (69.3) | 18.2 (64.8) | 18.2 (64.8) | 19.5 (67.1) | 21.0 (69.8) | 23.7 (74.7) | 26.1 (79.0) | 28.2 (82.8) | 23.6 (74.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 23.5 (74.3) | 23.0 (73.4) | 21.9 (71.4) | 18.9 (66.0) | 15.8 (60.4) | 13.5 (56.3) | 13.3 (55.9) | 14.4 (57.9) | 15.9 (60.6) | 18.4 (65.1) | 20.5 (68.9) | 22.6 (72.7) | 18.5 (65.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.9 (64.2) | 16.8 (62.2) | 13.9 (57.0) | 11.0 (51.8) | 8.7 (47.7) | 8.4 (47.1) | 9.4 (48.9) | 10.9 (51.6) | 13.1 (55.6) | 14.8 (58.6) | 17.0 (62.6) | 13.3 (56.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 135.9 (5.35) | 136.4 (5.37) | 118.2 (4.65) | 148.2 (5.83) | 126.1 (4.96) | 145.9 (5.74) | 155.2 (6.11) | 116.5 (4.59) | 150.0 (5.91) | 177.3 (6.98) | 149.1 (5.87) | 119.7 (4.71) | 1,678.5 (66.07) |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 75 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 81 | 78 | 78 | 76 | 73 | 71 | 78 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 271 | 233 | 237 | 204 | 187 | 155 | 167 | 178 | 183 | 227 | 253 | 281 | 2,576 |
| Source:Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)[3] | |||||||||||||
