| Iyo Province | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese name | |||||
| Kana | いよのくに | ||||
| Kyūjitai | 伊豫國 | ||||
| Shinjitai | 伊予国 | ||||
| |||||
| Iyo Province | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese name | |||||
| Kana | よしゅう | ||||
| Kyūjitai | 豫州 | ||||
| Shinjitai | 予州 | ||||
| |||||
Iyo Province (伊予国,Iyo-no kuni) was aprovince of Japan in the area of northwesternShikoku.[1] Iyo bordered onSanuki Province to the northeast,Awa to the east, andTosa to the south. Its abbreviated form name wasYoshū (予州). In terms of theGokishichidō system, Iyo was one of the provinces of theNankaidō circuit. Under theEngishiki classification system, Iyo was ranked as one of the "upper countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital. Theprovincial capital was located in what is now the city ofImabari, but its exact location is still unknown. Theichinomiya of the province is theŌyamazumi Shrine located on the island ofŌmishima in what is now part of Imabari.[2] The people spokeIyo dialect.
Iyo Province was formed by theRitsuryo reforms by combining the territories of theIyo-no-kuni no miyatsuko (伊余国造), who ruled a territory centered on what is now the city of Iyo and town of Masaki with Kumi Province, Kazehaya Province, Touma Province, and Koichi Province each ruled by its ownkuni no miyatsuko. TheGeiyo Islands in theSeto Inland Sea were considered part ofAki Province into theEdo Period. During theHeian period, the coastal areas of the province were part of the stronghold ofFujiwara no Sumitomo, who led a rebellion against Imperial authority. During theMuromachi period, a branch of theSaionji family was appointed asshugo by theAshikaga shogunate, but was constantly being invaded his more powerful and aggressive neighbors. The Saionji survived by the fluid loyalties and fierce resistance, but were eventually overcome byChōsokabe Motochika, who was in turn overthrown by the forces ofToyotomi Hideyoshi.[3] Under theTokugawa shogunate, the province was divided into several feudal domains.
| Name | Clan | Type | kokudaka |
|---|---|---|---|
 Iyo-Matsuyama Domain | Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan | Shinpan | 150,000koku |
 Uwajima Domain | Date clan | Tozama | 100,000koku |
| Iyo-Yoshida Domain | Date clan | Tozama | 30,000koku |
 Ōzu Domain | Katō clan | Tozama | 66,000koku |
| Niiya Domain | Katō clan | Tozama | 10,000koku |
 Imabari Domain | Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan | Fudai | 35,000koku |
| Saijō Domain | Matsudaira clan | Shinpan | 30,000koku |
 Komatsu Domain | Hitotsuyanagi clan | Tozama | 10,000koku |
Per the earlyMeiji periodKyudaka kyuryo Torishirabe-chō (旧高旧領取調帳), an official government assessment of the nation’s resources, the province had 964 villages with a totalkokudaka of 434,408koku. Iyo Province consisted of the following districts:
| District | kokudaka | villages | status | Currently |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uma (宇摩郡) | 22,364koku | 56 villages | Tenryō (18); Imabari (18), Saijō (11), Tenryō/Saijō (4), Tenryō/Imabari (1) | Dissolved, now Saijō, Shikoku-chūō |
| Nii (新居郡) | 36,694koku | 53 villages | Tenryō (6); Komatsu (4), Saijō (43), | Dissolved; now Saijō, Niihama |
| Shūfu (周敷郡) | 23,142koku | 38 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (25), Komatsu (9), Saijō (2), Matsuyama/Komatsu (1), Komatsu/Saijō (1) | Dissolved; now Saijō, Tōon |
| Kuwamura (桑村郡) | 14,650koku | 29 villages | Tenryō (4); Iyo-Matsuyama (23); Tenryō/Matsuyama (1) | Dissolved; now Saijō |
| Ochi (越智郡) | 46,790koku | 106 villages | Tenryō (8); Imabari (83); Iyo-Matsuyama (17) | merged into Ōchi District on April 18, 1896, now Imabari, Kamijima |
| Noma (野間郡) | 16,587koku | 29 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (29) | merged into Ōchi District on April 18, 1896; now Imabari |
| Kazahaya (風早郡) | 18,351koku | 84 villages | Tenryō (2); Iyo-Matsuyama (78); Ozu (4); Matsuyama/Ozu (1) | Dissolved, now Matsuyama |
| Wake (和気郡) | 16,345koku | 25 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (25) | Dissolved, now Matsuyama |
| Onsen (温泉郡) | 22,824koku | 36 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (36) | Dissolved, now Matsuyama, Toon |
| Kume (久米郡) | 17,554koku | 32 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (32) | Dissolved, now Matsuyama, Toon |
| Ukena (浮穴郡) | 38,834koku | 102 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (48); Ozu (46), Niiya (7); Matsuyama/Ozu (1); Ozu/Niiya (1) | Ozu, Seiyo, Uchiko, Iyo, Matsuyama, Toon, Tobe |
| Iyo (伊予郡) | 27,949koku | 41 villages | Iyo-Matsuyama (22); Ozu (18), Niiya (2); Matsuyama/Ozu (1); Ozu/Niiya (1) | Masaki, Tobe, Iyo |
| Kita (喜多郡) | 33,491koku | 83 villages | Ozu (82), Niiya (4); | Ozu, Iyo, Seiyo, Naishi |
| Uwa (宇和郡) | 98,828koku | 250 villages | Uwajima (140), Iyo-Yoshida (72); | Uwajima, Seiyo, Ozu, Naishi |
Following theabolition of the han system in 1871, Iyo Province becameEhime Prefecture.
Media related toIyo Province at Wikimedia Commons