Ivan Bohun | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Portrait by Yan Madeyevskyi in 1884 | |
| Born | Around 1618 |
| Died | 17 February 1664 |
| Allegiance |  Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1640–1648) Zaporozhian Host (1648–1649) Cossack Hetmanate (1649–1664) |
| Years of service | 1640–1664 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Commands | Mohyliv Regiment Kalnyk Regiment Pavoloch Regiment |
| Battles / wars | |
| Children | Tymofiy Bohun Hryhoriy Bohun |
Ivan Bohun (Ruthenian: Іванъ Богун;[1]Ukrainian:Іван Богун; died 1664) was aZaporozhian Cossackcolonel. A close associate and friend ofBohdan Khmelnytsky, he opposed both the pacts with thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Treaty of Hadiach of 1658) and with theTsardom of Russia (Pereiaslav Agreement of 1654).
Bohun was born into a Cossack-Ruthenian nobility family.[citation needed] In 1637, he captured theAzov Fortress in a joint campaign withDon Cossacks and later took part in the subsequentAzov sitting.[2] He took part in theKhmelnytsky Uprising againstPolish rule inUkraine. In June 1651 he was elected colonel of troops ofBracław and took part in theBattle of Berestechko against Polish troops led by KingJohn II Casimir Vasa, which the Cossacks lost. Surviving the defeat he regathered his forces and in June 1652 took part in thebattle of Batih. In this instance, the Cossacks were successful; the Polish commanderMarcin Kalinowski was killed and the futurehetmanStefan Czarniecki barely escaped with his life.[citation needed] The Polish defeat was complete and allowed the Cossack forces to start a successful offensive and effectively gain control over large parts of the Ukrainian lands. Until 1657 Ivan Bohun also led his forces inminor skirmishes against Polish forces, notably atBratslav andUman. He also fought against theCrimean Tatars who had switched sides in the effect of theTreaty of Zboriv of 1649 (they were initially allied with the Cossacks but supported the Commonwealth in later year).
Initially Bohun opposed thePereiaslav Agreement of 1654. After theBattle of Konotop, Ivan Bohun led an armed uprising against his former allyIvan Vyhovsky nearKonotop and defeated his army in the autumn of 1659.
After being captured by the Poles in 1663, Bohun was offered freedom in exchange for taking part in a new military campaign against theTsardom of Russia. During the retreat after the disastrousSiege of Hlukhiv Bohun was executed by a firing squad for handing over important military information to the besieged Russian garrison.
Ivan Bohun became a popular Ukrainian folk hero, immortalized byHenryk Sienkiewicz in the novelWith Fire and Sword, where the character Jurko Bohun was loosely based on him. Inthe film based on the novel, directed byJerzy Hoffman, Bohun was played byAleksandr Domogarov.
Ivan Bohun is also well described inBohun, a modern, historical novel about Polish-Cossack wars, written byJacek Komuda.
His death is still commemorated annually inLviv.[3]
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