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Isotopes of vanadium

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Main isotopes			Decay
	abundance	half-life(t_1/2)	mode	product
⁴⁸V	synth	16 d	β⁺	⁴⁸Ti
⁴⁹V	synth	330 d	ε	⁴⁹Ti
⁵⁰V	0.25%	2.71×10¹⁷ y	β⁺	⁵⁰Ti
⁵¹V	99.8%	stable

Standard atomic weightA_r°(V)

50.9415±0.0001^[1]
50.942±0.001 (abridged)^[2]

Naturally occurringvanadium (₂₃V) is composed of one stableisotope⁵¹V and one radioactive isotope⁵⁰V with ahalf-life of 2.71×10¹⁷ years. 24 artificialradioisotopes have been characterized (in the range ofmass number between 40 and 65) with the most stable being⁴⁹V with a half-life of 330 days, and⁴⁸V with a half-life of 15.9735 days. All of the remainingradioactive isotopes have half-lives shorter than an hour, the majority of them below 10 seconds, the least stable being⁴²V with a half-life shorter than 55 nanoseconds, with all of the isotopes lighter than it, and none of the heavier, have unknown half-lives. In 4 isotopes,metastable excited states were found (including 2 metastable states for⁶⁰V), which adds up to 5 meta states.

The primarydecay mode before the most abundant stable isotope⁵¹V iselectron capture. The next most common mode isbeta decay. The primarydecay products before⁵¹V are element 22 (titanium) isotopes and the primary products after are element 24 (chromium) isotopes.

List of isotopes

[edit]

Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Z	N	Isotopic mass(Da)^[3] ^{[n 2]}^{[n 3]}	Half-life^[4] ^{[n 4]}^{[n 5]}	Decay mode^[4] ^{[n 6]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 7]}	Spin and parity^[4] ^{[n 8]}^{[n 5]}	Natural abundance(mole fraction)
Nuclide ^{[n 1]}	Excitation energy^{[n 5]}			Half-life^[4] ^{[n 4]}^{[n 5]}	Decay mode^[4] ^{[n 6]}	Daughter isotope ^{[n 7]}	Spin and parity^[4] ^{[n 8]}^{[n 5]}	Normal proportion^[4]	Range of variation
⁴³V	23	20	42.980766(46)	79.3(24) ms	β⁺ (>97.5%)	⁴³Ti	7/2−#
⁴³V	23	20	42.980766(46)	79.3(24) ms	β⁺,p (<2.5%)	⁴²Sc	7/2−#
⁴⁴V	23	21	43.9744410(78)	111(7) ms	β⁺	⁴⁴Ti	(2)+
⁴⁴V	23	21	43.9744410(78)	111(7) ms	β⁺,α (?%)	⁴⁰Ca	(2)+
^44mV	271(9) keV			150(3) ms	β⁺	⁴⁴Ti	(6)+
⁴⁵V	23	22	44.96576850(93)	547(6) ms	β⁺	⁴⁵Ti	7/2−
^45mV	56.8(6) keV			512(13) ns	IT	⁴⁵V	(3/2−)
⁴⁶V	23	23	45.96019739(14)	422.62(5) ms	β⁺	⁴⁶Ti	0+
^46mV	801.46(10) keV			1.02(7) ms	IT	⁴⁶V	3+
⁴⁷V	23	24	46.95490356(12)	32.6(3) min	β⁺	⁴⁷Ti	3/2−
⁴⁸V	23	25	47.9522509(10)	15.9735(25) d	β⁺	⁴⁸Ti	4+
⁴⁹V	23	26	48.94851051(88)	330(15) d	EC	⁴⁹Ti	7/2−
⁵⁰V^{[n 9]}	23	27	49.947156681(99)	2.71(13)×10¹⁷ y	β⁺^{[n 10]}	⁵⁰Ti	6+	0.00250(10)
⁵¹V^{[n 11]}	23	28	50.94395766(10)	Stable			7/2−	0.99750(10)
⁵²V	23	29	51.94477364(17)	3.743(5) min	β⁻	⁵²Cr	3+
⁵³V	23	30	52.9443349(33)	1.543(14) min	β⁻	⁵³Cr	7/2−
⁵⁴V	23	31	53.946432(12)	49.8(5) s	β⁻	⁵⁴Cr	3+
^54mV	108.0(10) keV			900(500) ns	IT	⁵⁴V	(5)+
⁵⁵V	23	32	54.947262(29)	6.54(15) s	β⁻	⁵⁵Cr	7/2−#
⁵⁶V	23	33	55.95042(19)	216(4) ms	β⁻	⁵⁶Cr	(1+)
⁵⁷V	23	34	56.952297(91)	350(10) ms	β⁻	⁵⁷Cr	(7/2−)
⁵⁸V	23	35	57.95660(10)	191(10) ms	β⁻	⁵⁸Cr	(1+)
⁵⁹V	23	36	58.95962(15)	95(6) ms	β⁻ (<97%)	⁵⁹Cr	(5/2−)
⁵⁹V	23	36	58.95962(15)	95(6) ms	β⁻, n (>3%)	⁵⁸Cr	(5/2−)
⁶⁰V	23	37	59.96448(20)	122(18) ms	β⁻ (>99.9%)	⁶⁰Cr	3+#
^60m1V^{[n 12]}	0(150)# keV			40(15) ms	β⁻	⁶⁰Cr	1+#
^60m2V	203.7(7) keV			230(24) ns	IT	⁶⁰V	(4+)
⁶¹V	23	38	60.96760(25)	48.2(6) ms	β⁻ (85.5%)	⁶¹Cr	(3/2−)
⁶¹V	23	38	60.96760(25)	48.2(6) ms	β⁻,n (14.5%)	⁶⁰Cr	(3/2−)
⁶²V	23	39	61.97293(28)	33.6(23) ms	β⁻	⁶²Cr	3+#
⁶³V	23	40	62.97666(37)	19.6(9) ms	β⁻ (<65%)	⁶³Cr	(3/2−,5/2−)
⁶³V	23	40	62.97666(37)	19.6(9) ms	β⁻, n (>35%)	⁶²Cr	(3/2−,5/2−)
⁶⁴V	23	41	63.98248(43)#	15(2) ms	β⁻	⁶⁴Cr	(1,2)
^64mV	81.0(7) keV			<1 μs	IT	⁶⁴V
⁶⁵V	23	42	64.98700(54)#	14# ms [>620 ns]			5/2−#
⁶⁶V	23	43	65.99324(54)#	10# ms [>620 ns]
⁶⁷V	23	44	66.99813(64)#	8# ms [>620 ns]			5/2−#
This table header & footer: view

^^mV – Excitednuclear isomer.
^( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
^# – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
^Bold half-life – nearly stable, half-life longer thanage of universe.
^^a ^b ^c# – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
^Modes of decay:
EC: Electron capture

IT: Isomeric transition

p: Proton emission
^Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
^( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
^Primordial radionuclide
^Theoretically capable of β⁻ decay to⁵⁰Cr; the most recent measurement suggests a branching ratio of 0.7%.^[5]
^See alsoVanadium-51 nuclear magnetic resonance
^Order of ground state and isomer is uncertain.

References

[edit]

^"Standard Atomic Weights: Vanadium".CIAAW. 1977.
^Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04)."Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry.doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603.ISSN 1365-3075.
^Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*".Chinese Physics C.45 (3): 030003.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
^^a ^b ^c ^dKondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021)."The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"(PDF).Chinese Physics C.45 (3): 030001.doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^Laubenstein, M.; Lehnert, B.; Nagorny, S. S.; Nisi, S.; Zuber, K. (5 April 2019). "New investigation of half-lives for the decay modes of⁵⁰V".Physical Review C.99: 045501.arXiv:1812.04745.doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.99.045501.

Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean;Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003),"The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties",Nuclear Physics A,729:3–128,Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A,doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003)."Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry.75 (6):683–800.doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006)."Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry.78 (11):2051–2066.doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.
"News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised".International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 October 2005.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean;Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003),"The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties",Nuclear Physics A,729:3–128,Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A,doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- National Nuclear Data Center."NuDat 3.0 database".Brookhaven National Laboratory.

- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.).CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.).Boca Raton, Florida:CRC Press.ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
History of discovery: A. Shore, A. Fritsch, M. Heim, A. Schuh, M. Thoennessen. Discovery of the Vanadium Isotopes.arXiv:0907.1994 (2009).

Isotopes of thechemical elements

Group	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Period	Hydrogen and alkali metals	Alkaline earth metals													Pnictogens	Chalcogens	Halogens	Noble gases
①	Isotopes § List H 1																	Isotopes § List He 2
②	Isotopes § List Li 3	Isotopes § List Be 4											Isotopes § List B 5	Isotopes § List C 6	Isotopes § List N 7	Isotopes § List O 8	Isotopes § List F 9	Isotopes § List Ne 10
③	Isotopes § List Na 11	Isotopes § List Mg 12											Isotopes § List Al 13	Isotopes § List Si 14	Isotopes § List P 15	Isotopes § List S 16	Isotopes § List Cl 17	Isotopes § List Ar 18
④	Isotopes § List K 19	Isotopes § List Ca 20	Isotopes § List Sc 21	Isotopes § List Ti 22	Isotopes § List V 23	Isotopes § List Cr 24	Isotopes § List Mn 25	Isotopes § List Fe 26	Isotopes § List Co 27	Isotopes § List Ni 28	Isotopes § List Cu 29	Isotopes § List Zn 30	Isotopes § List Ga 31	Isotopes § List Ge 32	Isotopes § List As 33	Isotopes § List Se 34	Isotopes § List Br 35	Isotopes § List Kr 36
⑤	Isotopes § List Rb 37	Isotopes § List Sr 38	Isotopes § List Y 39	Isotopes § List Zr 40	Isotopes § List Nb 41	Isotopes § List Mo 42	Isotopes § List Tc 43	Isotopes § List Ru 44	Isotopes § List Rh 45	Isotopes § List Pd 46	Isotopes § List Ag 47	Isotopes § List Cd 48	Isotopes § List In 49	Isotopes § List Sn 50	Isotopes § List Sb 51	Isotopes § List Te 52	Isotopes § List I 53	Isotopes § List Xe 54
⑥	Isotopes § List Cs 55	Isotopes § List Ba 56	Isotopes § List Lu 71	Isotopes § List Hf 72	Isotopes § List Ta 73	Isotopes § List W 74	Isotopes § List Re 75	Isotopes § List Os 76	Isotopes § List Ir 77	Isotopes § List Pt 78	Isotopes § List Au 79	Isotopes § List Hg 80	Isotopes § List Tl 81	Isotopes § List Pb 82	Isotopes § List Bi 83	Isotopes § List Po 84	Isotopes § List At 85	Isotopes § List Rn 86
⑦	Isotopes § List Fr 87	Isotopes § List Ra 88	Isotopes § List Lr 103	Isotopes § List Rf 104	Isotopes § List Db 105	Isotopes § List Sg 106	Isotopes § List Bh 107	Isotopes § List Hs 108	Isotopes § List Mt 109	Isotopes § List Ds 110	Isotopes § List Rg 111	Isotopes § List Cn 112	Isotopes § List Nh 113	Isotopes § List Fl 114	Isotopes § List Mc 115	Isotopes § List Lv 116	Isotopes § List Ts 117	Isotopes § List Og 118
⑧	Isotopes § List Uue 119	Isotopes § List Ubn 120

			Isotopes § List La 57	Isotopes § List Ce 58	Isotopes § List Pr 59	Isotopes § List Nd 60	Isotopes § List Pm 61	Isotopes § List Sm 62	Isotopes § List Eu 63	Isotopes § List Gd 64	Isotopes § List Tb 65	Isotopes § List Dy 66	Isotopes § List Ho 67	Isotopes § List Er 68	Isotopes § List Tm 69	Isotopes § List Yb 70
			Isotopes § List Ac 89	Isotopes § List Th 90	Isotopes § List Pa 91	Isotopes § List U 92	Isotopes § List Np 93	Isotopes § List Pu 94	Isotopes § List Am 95	Isotopes § List Cm 96	Isotopes § List Bk 97	Isotopes § List Cf 98	Isotopes § List Es 99	Isotopes § List Fm 100	Isotopes § List Md 101	Isotopes § List No 102

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